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[English version] [2] Sohn des Priamos und der Laothoe…

[English version] (Θείας). Sohn des Belos und der Nymphe Oreithyia (oder deren Gatte), zeugt unwissentlich mit seiner Tochter Smyrna (Myrrha) den Adonis. Als er den Frevel entdeckt, versucht er zunächst, seine Tochter umzubringen, die sich der Tat durch Verwandlung in den gleichnamigen Baum entzieht, dann tötet er sich aus Scham selbst (Antoninus Liberalis 34; Apollod. 3,183 f. nach Panyassis; Tzetz. Lykophr. 829). Nach anderen Quellen heißt der Vater der Smyrna Kinyras (Ov. met. 10,298-518; Hyg. fab. 58; Tzetz. Lykophr. 831). …

[English version] (Σήταια). Eine der troischen Kriegsgefangenen der Griechen nach der Einnahme von Troia. Auf der Höhe von Sybaris überredet sie aus Furcht vor der drohenden Knechtschaft die mitgefangenen Frauen dazu, die Flotte der Griechen in Brand zu stecken. Zu…

[English version] (Θάλπιος). Enkel des Aktor [4], Sohn des Aktorionen Eurytos und der Theraiphone, neben Amphimachos [2], Diores [1] und Polyxenos [3] Anführer der insgesamt 40 Schiffe der Epeier vor Troia (Hom. Il. 2,618-624; Paus. 5,3,3 f.; Dares 14; Diktys 1,17). Th. wird unter den Freiern der Helene [1] (Apollod. 3,129; Hyg. fab. 81) und unter den Besteigern des Troianischen Pferdes (Q. Smyrn. 12,323) genannt, sein Grab liegt in Elis (Aristot. epigramm 36, in [1]).…

[English version] (Τενθρηδών, “Gallwespe”: schol. Nik. Alex. 547a-b; vgl. [1]). Nachkomme des Magnes [2] (schol. und Eust. zu Hom. Il. 2,756), Vater des Magnetenführers Prothoos [3] (Hom. Il. 2,756; Lykophr. 899 mit Tzetz.; Aristot. epigr. 28, in [2]). Antoni, Silke Bibliography 1 LSJ, 1775, s. v. T. 2 Th. Bergk (ed.), Poetae Lyrici Graeci, Bd. 2, 41882.

[English version] (Θέρσανδρος). Sohn des Polyneikes und der Argeia [2], Bruder u. a. des Alastor und des Timeas, von Demonassa [1] Vater des Teisamenos [1] (Pind. O. 2,76-81 mit schol.; Hdt. 4,147; 6,52). Th. nimmt am erfolgreichen Zug der Epigonen gegen Thebai [2] teil ( Epígonoi [2]), nachdem er - nach dem Vorbild seines Vaters - durch die Bestechung der Eriphyle mit dem péplos [1] der Harmonia die Teilnahme des Alkmaion [1] als Anführer des Zuges gesichert hat (Diod. 4,66,1-3; Apollod. 3,80-82; 3,86; Paus. 2,20,5; 9,8,7). Nach der Einnahme von Thebai wi…

[English version] (Ἰνώ). Tochter des Kadmos [1] und der Harmonia, zumeist nach Nephele [1] zweite (erste: schol. Hom. Il. 7,86 Bekker nach Philostephanos und Eust. ad locum; schol. Lykophr. 22) Gattin des Athamas in Thebai [2], Mutter von Learchos und Melikertes. Aus Neid auf ihre Stiefkinder Phrixos und Helle ersinnt sie eine List: Sie überredet die Frauen des Landes, das Saatgut zu rösten, und verursacht so eine schlimme Hungersnot. Die von Athamas nach Delphoi geschickten Gesandten besticht sie…

A. IntroductionThe dispute over the correct, appropriate reception of Antiquity and the ancient languages (Greek; Latin) was one of the key points of conflict in 18th-century pedagogics. Two groups can be distinguished in general: the Enlightenment pedagogues, known as thephilanthropinists, and the Neo-Humanists, known as the Philhellenists (German New Humanism). The two groups had common ground: criticism of the role Antiquity was allotted (or had increasingly taken on) in the teaching of boys and youths, especially at the Latin Schools of the 17th century. The ancient la…

A. IntroductionEngagement with the languages and culture of Classical Antiquity, being an element of higher education in the 18th century, was reserved for a small segment of the population—the so-called ‘learned’ classes—and proceeded either with the help of private tutors or through attendance at an institution of secondary education.The term ‘secondary education’ covers all institutions that promised academic training preparatory to (tertiary) studies at university (e.g. Latin schools, Gymnasien, lycées). Along with religious instruction, these schools focused on teaching the language of academia, Latin. The priority accorded to Latin was first seriously called into question during the 18th century in view of changing social and economic cond…

[German version] ('the silent', also Dea Muta 'mute goddess'). The name, date (21 February, on the Feralia) and nature of her cult (Ov. Fast. 2,569-582), which is supposed to have been introduced to Rome by the king Numa Pompilius (Plut. Numa 8,65b), suggest an Underworld deity (cf. Ov. Fast. 2,609; 5,422; Verg. Aen. 6,264 f.). T. is identified with …

[German version] (Θοώτης; Thoṓtēs). Herald of Menestheus [1] at Troy, sent by him to the two Aiantes (Ajax [1-2]) and to Teucrus [2] to ask for help in battle with the Lycians Sarpedon [1] and Glaucus [4]  (Hom. Il. 12,342-363). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)…

[German version] (Σαώ/ Saṓ, ‘protector (fem.)’, ‘saviour’). Daughter of Nereus and Doris [I 1], one of the Nereids (Hes. Theog. 243; Apollod. 1,11). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography N. Icard-Gianolio, s.v. S., LIMC 7.1, 666.

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[German version] (Οἴαξ/ Oiax, Latin Oeax, 'helm'). Son of Nauplius [1] and Clymene [5] (also Philyra or Hesione [2]: Apollod. 2,23), brother of Palamedes and Nausimedon (Apollod. 2,23; 3,15; schol. Eur. Or. 432; Dictys 1,1). Marched with Palamedes to Troy (Philostr. Heroicus 10,10, p. 183 Kayser), where, after the stoning of Palamedes, he etched an account of his brother's fate onto the blades of a rudder and threw them into the sea (schol. Aristoph. Thesm. 771, following Eur. Palamedes); Suda s.v. Π…

[German version] (Μόψοπος/ Mόpsopos, also Μόψοψ/ Mόpsops or Μόψος/ Mόpsos). Presumably Attic king or hero. Name conjectured from Mopsopia, the old name for Attica (Lycophr. 733, 1340; Call. fr. 709; Strab. 9,1,18; 9,5,22; Anth. Pal. 7,614,8; Tib. 1,7,54; Ov. Met. 5,661; 6,423; Ov. Epist. 8,72; Sen. Phaedr. 121; 1276). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

[German version] (Πανδία/ Pandía, also: Πανδεία/ Pandeía, Πανδείη/ Pandeíē). Daughter of Zeus and Selene (Hom. h. 32,14-16; Hyg. fab. praef. 28; in this sense probably also Phot. s.v. Πάνδια/ Pándia and EM s.v. Πάνδεια/ Pándeia). According to other sources (Orph. fr. 280,8; Maximos, Perì katarchôn 123, 146, 326; schol. Dem. Or. 21,9,39a-d) an epithet (Πάνδια/ Pándia, Πάντια/ Pántia) of Selene (cf. [3. 62]). The Attic festival of the same name can, contrary to the widespread view in (late?) Antiquity (cf. schol.Dem. Or. 21, 9, 39a; Phot. l.c.; EM l.c.)…

[German version] (Πιτθεύς/ Pittheús, name probably derived from πειθώ/ peithṓ [1], therefore something like 'good adviser' [3], cf. [2]). P. was perhaps originally an ancient oracular deity, according to the sources the son of Pelops and Hippodamia [1], a brother of Atreus and Thyestes (Eur. Med. 684; Eur. Heracl. 207; Apollod. Epit. 2,10; Schol. Eur. Or. 5; Ov. Met. 8,622f.), father of Aethra (Hom. Il. 3,144; Eur. Heracl. 207f.; Eur. Supp. 4-7; Bacchyl. 17,34; Hyg. Fab. 14,5 and elsewhere) and Henioche …

[German version] (Θαύμας/ Thaúmas). Son of Pontus [1] and Gaia (or Tethys: Orph. Fr. 117), brother of Nereus, Phorcys [1], Ceto and Eurybia (Hes. Theog. 237 f.; Apollod. 1,10); with Electra [1] (Ozomene: Hyg. Fab. 14,18) father of the Harpies and Iris [1] (Hes. Theog. 265-267; 780; Verg. Aen. 9,5; Ov. Met 4,480 et passim; on the interpretation of the genealogy see Pl. Tht. 155d; Cic. Nat. D. 3,20,51). T. is also named as the father of the river Hydaspes (Nonn. Dion. 26,358-365) and of Arce (Ptol. Chennos 6,6, p. 39 Chatzis). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

[German version] (Τενάγης; Tenágēs). One of the Heliadae (according to schol. Pind. Ol. 7,131a-132a, partly according to Hellanikos, the youngest, also called Phaethon [3]), the seven sons of Helios and Rhodos (Rhode). T. is killed by some of his own brothers out of envy (Diod. 5,56,5-57,2; 5,61,1 = Zenon FGrH 523 F 1; schol. Hom. Il. 24,544c). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

[German version] (Σαγαρῖτις; Sagarîtis). According to one of the many aetiological versions of the legend of Attis which purport to explain the self-mutilation of the priests of Cybele, Attis fell in love with the Hamadryad S. and broke the promise of chastity he had given Cybele. The nymph then died from the injuries done to her tree by Cybele, whilst Attis went mad and emasculated himself (Ov. Fast. 221-246; without mentioning the name of the nymph: Julian. Or. 8,165a-168c Rochefort; Sall. Philos…