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(Δρυόπη; Dryópē). [German version] [1] Nymph, transformed into a tree Name of a nymph. Two widely diverging accounts exist of D.'s metamorphosis. According to Nik. in Antonius Liberalis 32, D. was the daughter of  Dryops and wife of  Andraemon [2]. She took onto her lap Apollo, who had been transformed into a tortoise, and subsequently gave birth to  Amphissus. D. was abducted by the nymphs with whom she played as a girl and to whose world she originally belonged. In her place, a black poplar and a spring appeared, whereas she herself …

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[German version] (Ἠλεκτρύων; Ēlektrýōn). Tirynthian or Mycenaean hero, son of Perseus and Andromeda, husband of Anaxo, the daughter of  Alcaeus, father of  Alcmene. He lost almost all his sons fighting the Teleboans (Taphians). When the cattle stolen from E. were handed over, he was killed by his son-in-law  Amphitryon. This was the occasion for the latter and Alcmene to emigrate to Thebes (Hes. Sc. 3; 11-12; Apollod. 2,52-56; Hyg. Fab. 244,1; 4; Paus. 2,25,8). Bloch, René (Berne)

(Χρυσόθεμις; Chrysóthemis). [German version] [1] Beloved of Apollo Beloved of Apollo. From their union Parthenus was born, but died as a child and was transformed into a constellation by Apollo (Hyg. Poet. Astr. 2,25). According to Diodorus (5,62,1f.) she was the wife of Staphylus and mother of Molpadia, Parthenus and Rhoeo. The latter bore Appollo's son  Anius. Bloch, René (Berne) …

(Εὐρυτίων; Eurytíōn). Frequently used name of heroes and  centaurs. [German version] [1] Leader of the centaurs Thessalian centaur; in the house of Peirithous, while drunk on wine, he violates Peirithous' bride  Hippodamia, whereupon the Lapiths disfigure him; this leads to the conflict between  Lapithae and centaurs. The suitor  Antinous [1] holds E.'s fate up before Odysseus as a warning (Hom. Od. 21,295-304). Later too, E. as leader of the centaurs is frequently represented as a terrifying example (Thgn. 1,542). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [2] Peloponnesian centaur Peloponnesian centaur, son of Ixion. He flees from Heracles into the  Pholoe mountains, and is later killed by him in the house of  Dexamenus (Hyg. Fab. 33; Apollod. 2,83-87). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [3] Herdsman of Geryoneus  Geryoneus' herdsman on the island of Erythea; killed by Heracles (Hes. Theog. 293; Hellanicus FGrH 4 F 110; Apollod. 2,106). Illustrations frequently show him in the fight between Heracles and his master. Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [4] King of Phthia King of Phthia; son of Actor; killed unintentionally by his son-in-law  Peleus at the Calydonian Hunt (Apollod. 1,70; 3,163). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [5] Companion of Aeneas Companion of Aeneas; son of Lycaon; brother of Pandarus. At the funeral games in honour of  Anchises he wins the second prize for archery (Verg. Aen. 5,495-544). Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography L. Polverini, s.v. Eurizione, EV 2,435.

(Δόλιος; Dólios). [German version] [1] Epithet of Hermes ‘The cunning’, epithet of Hermes (Aristoph. Thesm. 1202; Soph. Phil. 133; Cornutus 16). On the road to Pellene there stood a statue of Hermes D. (Paus. 7,27,1). Bloch, René (Berne) …

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[German version] From calare -- ‘to call’. a) Slaves who convey orders (Fest. p. 34; differently [1] who equates calatores with nomenclatores on the basis of Plaut. Merc. 852. The latter are slaves who give their masters the names of those passing while away). b) Assistants of the higher priests, almost exclusively freed persons. They are already in evidence on the Forum stele (CIL I2 1). Their task was to prepare the way for the priest by calling and to stop the priest coming into contact with polluted elements or unfavourable omens prior to sacrifices. The Arval inscriptions in particular provide precise details of the calatores ( …

(Δημώνασσα; Dēmṓnassa). [German version] [1] Daughter of the Argive seer Amphiaraus Daughter of the Argive seer  Amphiaraus and  Eriphyle, wife of  Thersander, a son of Polyneices, mother of Tisamenus (Paus. 3,15,8, 9,5,15). On the Cypselus Chest described by Pausanias she is shown standing with her siblings Eurydice and Alcmaeon before the house of Amphiaraus who is mounting the chariot (Paus. 5,17,7) [1]. On a late Corinthian crater that also depicts the departure of Amphiaraus the inscription calls her Damovanasa [2] while she is called  Demo [3] on an Attic vase. On an Attic bowl she is extending …

[German version] (Δηιφόντης; Dēiphóntēs). Great-great grandson of Heracles (Heracles-Ctessipus-Thrasyanor-Antimachus-D.). He married  Hyrnetho, daughter of the Heraclid  Temenus. The latter had been awarded Argos in the land lottery after the conquest of the Peloponnese. Temenus' sons, who felt neglected compared with D. and Hyrnetho, had their father killed. As he was dying, Temenus handed over rule to D. and Hyrnetho. But the Temenids did not relinquish their claims to power. For this reason D. m…

(Εὐάδνη; Euádnē, ‘the pleasing one’). [German version] [1] Daughter of Poseidon and Pitane…

(Δηιών, Δηιονεύς; Dēiṓn, Dēioneús). [German version] [1] Mythical king of Phocis Son of Aeolus [1] and Enarete the daughter of Deimachus. He was king of Phocis, and married Diomede the daughter of  Xuthus. From this marriage issued Asterodia, Ainetus,  Actor [2],  Phylacus and  Cephalus (Apollod. 1,51; 86; Hyg. Fab. 189,1; Callim. H. 3,209; Str. 10,2,14). The two last names show connections with Attica, as does the name Xuthus. Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography F. Graf, Greek Mythology, 1993, 127. [German version] [2] A frequent erroneous spelling of Eioneus A frequent erroneous s…

(Εὔνηος; Eúnēos). [German version] [1] Great-grandson of Dionysus, warrior on both fronts in the Trojan War Lemnian ruler, son of Hypsipyle ( Lemnian women) and of Jason (Apollod. 1,115; Hyg. Fab. 15), brother of  Thoas [2], grandson of  Thoas [1] and great-grandson of  Dionysus. In the Trojan War he assisted both the Achaeans and the Trojans. While he was sending wine-laden ships to the former (Hom. Il 7,467-469), he bought freedom for Priamus' son Lycaon who was a prisoner of war (Hom. Il 23,746-747). ─ In Athens there was a ‘musicians' guild’ ( génos musikṓn) by the name of Euneidai …

[German version] (ְךֶלֹמ, molæk, LXX: Μολοχ/ Moloch, Vulg.: Moloch). M. is most probably the name of a Canaanite deity to whom children were supposedly sacrificed. However, it is difficult to determine how M. fit into the Canaanite pantheon (Malik? Milkom? Adad-Milki?). Referring to the Phoenician-Punic term for a sacrifice, mlk/ molk, Eissfeldt interpreted M. not as a god, but as a technical term for the sacrifice of children (or substitutes) [1]. But this view is contradicted by passages in which M. clearly referred to a god (cf. Lv 20:5). The Hebrew Bible explicitly forbids sacri…

(Βροτέας; Brotéas). [German version] [1] Son of Tantalos Son of Tantalus and Euryanassa, brother to Pelops and Niobe, father of the younger Tantalus, who was married with Clytaemnestra before Agamemnon (schol. Eur. Or. 5; Paus. 2,22,3). The Magnetes believed that he had created the oldest rock carving of the Mother of the Gods near Magnesia on the Sipylus (Paus. 3,22,4). In another tradition he was a huntsman who scorned  Artemis and who, after asserting that fire could do him no harm, hurled himself into a fire in a fit of insanity and perished (Apollod. Epit. 2,2). Bloch, René (Berne) …

(Χρομίος; Chromíos). [German version] [1] Brother of Nestor Son of Neleus and Chloris; brother of Nestor (Hom. Od. 11,286). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [2] Companion at arms of Nestor Companion at arms of Nestor (Hom. Il. 4,295). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [3] Son of Priam Son of Priam; killed by Diomedes (Hom. Il. 5,160; Apollod. 3,152). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [4] Trojan, killed by Teucer Trojan; killed by Teucer (Hom. Il. 8,275). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [5] Lycian, killed by Odysseus Lycian; killed by Odysseus (Hom. Il. 5,677). Bloch, Ren…

[German version] (Δηιοπίτης; Dēiopítēs). Trojan, son of  Priamus (Apollod. 3,153; Hyg. Fab. 90,6). Wounded by Odysseus (Hom. Il. 11,420); according to Dictys 3,7 killed by Agamemnon. Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography P. Wathelet, Dictionnaire des Troyens de l'Iliade, 1988, vol. 1, 414f.

[German version] (Ἔναλος; Énalos). Lesbian hero from the Poseidon circle, entangled in the foundation myth of Lesbos. According to Myrsilus of Methymna (FGrH 477 F 14), the Penthilidae ( Penthilus), because of an oracle of Amphitrite, threw the daughter of Smintheus (or Phineus) into the sea; her lover E. jumped in but was saved by a dolphin and carried to Lesbos. Plut. Mor. 20, p. 163 a-d is more detailed: E. was one of the colonists of Lesbos who had to sacrifice a maiden to Amphitrite and the Ne…

(Βισάλτης; Bisáltēs). [German version] [1] Son of Helius and Ge Son of Helius (the Sun) and Ge (the Earth); the Macedonian city and region, Bisaltia, is named after him (Steph. Byz. s.v. Βισαλτία 170f.; Favorinos FHG 3,583f. [fr. 44]). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [2] Father of Theophane Father of  Theophane, who was courted by many suitors (Ov. Met. 6,117: Bisaltis). Her liaison with Poseidon produced the ram with the Golden Fleece that carried Phrixus to Colchis (Hyg. Fab. 188). Bloch, René (Berne)

(Βρισεύς; Briseús, Βρίσης; Brísēs). [German version] [1] Father of Briseis Father of  Briseis (Hom. Il. 1,392; 9,132). Bloch, René (Berne) [German version] [2] Epiclesis of  Dionysus in Smyrna Epiclesis of  Dionysus in Smyrna (CIG 3160f.; 3190). Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography Nilsson, GGR 2, 344, 361, 379.