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[German version] Roman cognomen (designation of origin) used by Postumius  Cominius A. ( cos. 501 BC). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum)

[German version] Roman cognomen (meaning 'Etruscan') describing origin. Used in the Republican period by Aquillius [I 2], Siccius, in the Imperial period by Dasumius [4], Nummius [5], and Tullius. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography Degrassi, FCap., 149  Id., FCIR, 271  Kajanto, Cognomina, 51; 188.

[German version] Roman cognomen (not of Etruscan origin [2. 250]), passed down in the family of the dictator L. Cornelius [I 90] S., according to Plutarch (Sulla 2,2) allegedly because of the pale colour of his face (Cornelius [I 87-90; II 57-61]). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Kajanto, Cognomina, 106 2 H. Rix, Das etruskische Cognomen, 1963.

[German version] Together with  Spartacus a leader of the great slave rebellion in 73 BC. After C. left the main army in early 72, his troops were defeated and he was killed in Apulia by the consul L. Gellius [4] and the propraetor Q. Arrius [I 4] (Sall. Hist. 3,96 M.; Liv. Per. 95f.; App. B Civ. 1,540-543 et al.). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum)

Roman cognomen (gentes name?) of an otherwise unknown family. [German version] [1] G. Commander of the Marianians 82 BC from Capua, as commander in 82 BC supported the Marianians in the Civil War against Sulla (App. B Civ. 1,416). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] G. Praetor 55 BC, contended in 52 BC for the consulate (possible nickname?), praetor around 55 BC and together with T. Annius [I 14] Milo contender for the consulate for 52 BC (Cic. Ad Q. Fr. 3,6,6; MRR 3,100). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum)

[German version] Cognomen in the family of the Cornelii ( Cornelius [I 57/58], [II 30]). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography Kajanto, Cognomina, 210.

[German version] Cognomen (‘ivory coloured’), derived from the skin or hair colour of Q. Fabius Maximus Eburnus, cos. 116 BC (Ps. Quint. Decl. mai. 3,17; with an obscene meaning in Arnob. 4,26). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography Kajanto, Cognomina 227.

[German version] Roman cognomen, originally meaning 'young animal', later also transferred to humans (cf. Hor. Sat. 1,3,45; Fest. 284); Bearers of the name were L. Iunius [I 27] P. and Q. Numitorius [3] P. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography Kajanto, Cognomina, 299.

[German version] Roman cognomen of presumably Etruscan origin (Schulze, 290, 322; ThlL, Onom. 120-122), in its meaning probably linked with camillus ‘noble-born, not yet mature youth’, then‘ assistant at sacrifices’ (Fest. 38; 82L; Varro, Ling. 7,34 et al.) In the Republican Age, C. is the family cognomen of the Furii; its most famous bearer was M.  Furius C., conqueror of Veii in 396 BC and saviour of Rome after the Gallic invasion. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography Walde/Hofmann 1, 147.

[German version] Uncommon Latin gens name. Bearers were the (otherwise unknown) builder of the pons Mulvius ( pons Milvius ; late 2nd cent. BC) and a M.M. who as triumvir nocturnus was condemned in 241 BC for appearing too late with his colleagues to fight a fire on the via sacra (Val. Max. 8, 1 damn. 5). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum)

Roman cognomen (‘the Young Dog’) in the family of the Lutatii ( Lutatius). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [1] Epigrammatist see  Lutatius Catulus, Q. Bibliography Kajanto, Cognomina 326.

[German version] [1] Roman cognomen Roman cognomen meaning 'slightly cross-eyed', for instance describing a squint (Cic. Nat. D. 1,80; Hor. Sat. 1,3, 44f. among others). A genetic trait in the families of the Aelii from the 4th cent. BC (Aelius [I 7-11]) and the Autronii in the 1st cent. (Autronius [I 8]); also an epithet for Cicero's friend L. Papirius [I 22] P. More widespread in the Imperial period. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Degrassi, FCIR, 261 2 Kajanto, Cognomina, 239. [German version] [2] P. Clodius [II 15] Thrasea Paetus see P. Clodius [II 15] Thrasea Paetus

Plebeian gentilicium (also Attinius). The most important gens, verifiable since the end of the 3rd cent., came from Aricia (Cic. Phil. 3,16; Schulze 69; ThlL 2,1174f.). [German version] [1] Volkstribun im 2.Jh. v.Chr., Urheber einer lex Atinia A., tribune of the people in the 2nd cent. BC and author of a lex Atinia about the acceptance of tribunes of the people in the Senate (Gell. NA 14,8,2). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] A., C. Praetor 188 v. Chr. in Hispania ulterior tribunus militum in the 4th legion in 194 BC, praetor in 188 in Hispania ulterior (MRR 1,344; 36…

[German version] [II] ‘Victor over the Gaetuli’, cognomen of Cossus  Cornelius [II 26] Lentulus G. and his son Cn.  Cornelius [II 29] Lentulus G., as well as C.  Iulius Tiro G. and D. ( Iunius) Silanus G. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography Kajanto, Cognomina 206.

[German version] Modern term for a circle of friends (of debatable historicity) supposedly surrounding P. Cornelius [I 70] Scipio Aemilianus Africanus ( cos. 147, 134 BC). Its members - including C. Laelius [I 2] ( cos. 140), L. Furius [I 28] Philus ( cos. 136), Sp. Mummius [I 4] and P. Rupilius [I 1] ( cos. 132) - are supposed to have been connected by a particular interest in Greek culture (Philhellenism) and a more humane Roman foreign policy (influenced by Stoic teachings as transmitted by Panaetius [4]). The idea of a fixed group can be t…

[German version] Roman cognomen (orthographic variation of  Gallus?) in the  Sulpicii family. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography Degrassi, FCIR 253 Id., FCap 149 Kajanto, Cognomina 195.

[German version] Roman cognomen (from sal, ‘salt’) in the family of the Livii (Livius [I 11-13]); legend of its origin in Liv. 29,37,4. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography Kajanto, Cognomina, 322.

[German version] Cognomen of L. Caecilius [I 26] Metellus D. ( cos. 117 BC). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum)

[German version] Italian personal name (Schulze 272). F., C. (P.?), people's tribune in 41 BC and originator of one of the last known plebiscites ( lex Falcidia), which prescribed that a testator could only leave so many legacies as allowed the heir to remain with a quarter of the inheritance ( quarta Falcidiana) (Dig. 35,2; Gai. Inst. 2,227). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography Kaser, RPR 2, 756f.

[German version] Roman cognomen ('painter'), inherited in the Fabii family (Fabius [I 31-35]). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography Kajanto, Cognomina, 321.