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(Σκύθης). [German version] [1] Son of Heracles Third son of Heracles [1] (or Zeus: Diod. 2,43,3) and Echidna, brother of Agathyrsus and Gelonus [1]. Is the only son able to accomplish the task, set by his father, of drawing his bow and putting on his belt, and so becomes the king of Hylaea and the eponym of the Scythae (Hdt. 4,8-10; Steph. Byz. s. v. Σκύθαι; IG 1293 A 95 f.; cf. Sen. Herc. f. 533; Sen. Herc. Oetaeus 157). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 A. Nercessian, s. v. S. (1), LIMC 7.1, 794. [German version] [2] Tyrant of Cos, c. 500 BC Tyrant of  Cos c. 500 BC; in 494/3 he handed his…

[German version] (Σκαιαί/ Skaiaí sc. πύλαι/ pýlai). The 'Scaean Gate' in Troy (Hom. Il. 3,145; 3,149 et passim; without pýlai: Hom. Il. 3,263; Str. 13,1,21; in the singular: Quint. Smyrn. 11,338), also called Dardaníai. Several explanations of the name are possible: the 'left' or 'western gate' or 'gate of misfortune' (derived from  σκαιός [2]), 'crooked gate' or named after its builder Scaeus (schol. Hom. Il. 3,145; 9,354; 11,170 Bekker; Hsch. s. v. Σκαιῇσι πύλῃσιν) or after the Scaei [1] people. Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 L. Bürchner, s. v. Skaiisches Tor, RE 3 A, 424 2 LS…

(Ὀφελέστης; Opheléstēs). [German version] [1] Trojan Trojan, killed by Teucrus outside the city (Hom. Il. 8,274). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] Paeonian warrior at Troy Paeonian warrior at Troy, killed by Achilles [1] (Hom. Il. 21,210; schol. Hom. Il. 13,643 Maass with conjecture). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

[German version] (Οἶστρος/ Oîstros). Personification of frenzy (cf. Furor, Lyssa, Mania [1]). The only preserved literary source (Poll. 4,142) lists O amongst the ékskeua prósōpa ('especially elaborate masks') of tragic drama (for illustrations: [1]). Above all, the Greek oîstros accurately describes the gadfly which pursues and plagues its victim and also the thorn or sting (Aesch. PV 567ff.; Eur. HF 862 and passim; Orph. A. 47). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 B. Müller-Huber, s.v. O., LIMC 7.1, 28f. (with biblography) 2 R. Padel, In and Out of the Mind. Greek Images …

[German version] (Σιρίκιος/ Siríkios, Latin Siricius). 4th century AD sophist from Neapolis [11] in Palaestina, pupil of Andromachus (cf. [1]). S. taught for a while in Athens and wrote Progymnásmata and Melétai (Suda, s. v. Σιρίκιος; Nicolaus of Myra, Progymnásmata, in: [2]). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 L. Cohn, s. v. Andromachos [20], RE 1.2, 2154 2 Spengel 3, 465 (Kap. 4).

[German version] (Πάμμων). Son of Priamus and Hecabe (Hom. Il. 24,250; Apollod. 3,151; Quint. Smyrn. 6,317; 562; 568; in Hyg. fab. 90 Pammon (Schmidt) or Palaemon), killed by Neoptolemus [1] (Quint. Smyrn. 13,213f.). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

[German version] [1] Son of Odysseus and Calypso (Τηλέδαμος; Tēlédamos). According to Eust. on Hom. Od. 16,118, the author of the Tēlegonía names a son of Odysseus and Calypso“Telegonus or Teledamus”, which would make him the brother of Nausithous [2] and Nausinous. The passage is evidently corrupt, since elsewhere Telegonus is Odysseus' son with Circe. For a discussion of conjectures: [1]. Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 K. Scherling, s. v. T. (1), RE 5 A, 313 f. [German version] [2] Son of Agamemnon and Cassandra (Paus.: Τελέδαμος/ Telédamos, schol. Hom. Od.: Τελέδημος/ Telé…

[German version] (Φάλκης; Phálkēs). Heraclid (Heraclidae), son of Temenus, brother of Cissus (Ceisus: Paus. 2,19,1), Cerynes, Agaeus (other sons of Temenus are mentioned in Apollod. 2,179) and Hyrnetho, father of Rhegnidas (Paus. 2,13,1). Out of envy of Hyrnetho and her husband Deïphontes, whom Temenus prefers to his sons, P. and his brothers (with the exception of the youngest: Agaeus) have their father attacked and killed while bathing (Nicolaus of Damascus FGrH 90 F 30; Diod.Sic. 7,13,1; Apollod…

[German version] (Θείας; Theías). Son of Belus and the Nymph Oreithyia (or her husband), unwittingly fathers Adonis with his daughter Smyrna (Myrrha). When he discovers the offence, he first tries to kill his daughter, who escapes by transforming herself into the tree of the same name, then kills himself in shame (Antoninus Liberalis 34; Apollod. 3,183 f. after Panyassis; Tzetz. Lycoph. 829). Other sources name Cinyras as Smyrna's father (Ov. Met. 10,298-518; Hyg. Fab. 58; Tzetz.  Lycoph. 831). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

(Πανόπη; Panópē). [German version] [1] Daughter of Nereus and Doris [I1] (Πανόπεια/ Panópeia in Nonnus, Panopea in Virgil; the ‘all-caring one’ [1], different in Eust. Ad Hom. Il. 18,41, p. 1131, 4 and 6f.). Daughter of Nereus and Doris [I 1], one of the Nereids (Hom. Il. 18,45; Hes. Theog. 250; Apollod. 1,12; Lucian Dialogi marini 7; Nonnus, Dion. 39,255; 43,100 and 264; Verg. Aen. 5,240 and 825; Verg. G. 1,437; Hyg. Fab. praef. 8). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 W. Aly, s.v. P. (1), RE 18.3, 636 2 J.Ch. Balty, s.v. P., LIMC 7.1, 172. [German version] [2] One of the daughters of Thespius On…

[German version] (Θάλπιος; Thálpios). Grandson of Actor [4], son of the Actorion Eurytus and of Theraephone; he and Amphimachus [2], Diores [1] and Polyxenus [3] were leaders of the 40 Epeian ships at Troy (Hom. Il. 2,618-624; Paus. 5,3,3 f.; Dares 14; Dictys 1,17). T. is mentioned among the suitors of Helena [I 1] (Apollod. 3,129; Hyg. Fab. 81) and among those in the Trojan Horse (Q. Smyrn. 12,323), his grave is in Elis (Aristot. epigram 36, in [1]). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography 1 Th. Bergk, Poetae Lyrici Graeci, vol. 2, 41882.

[German version] (Ὠκυπέτη/ Ōkypétē). Daughter of Thaumas and Electra [1], one of the Harpies, also called Ocythoe or Ocypode (according to Hesiod; Apollod. 1,123). Sister of Aëllo (also Nicothoe) and Celaeno [2] (Hes. Theog. 267; Apollod. 1,10; Hyg. Fab. 14,18; Praef. 35). O. fled from the sons of Boreas to the islands of the  Echinades, which are called Strophades after her because she turned back there (στροφή/ strophḗ) and, exhausted, fell her death (Apollod. 1,123). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

[German version] (Ἰνώ; Inṓ). Daughter of  Cadmus [1] and  Harmonia, generally taken to be the second (first: schol. Hom. Il. 7,86 Bekker according to Philostephanus and Eust. ad locum; schol. Lycoph. 22) wife of  Athamas in Thebes [2] (the first being  Nephele [1]). She is the mother of Learchus and  Melicertes. Envy of her stepchildren  Phrixus and  Helle prompted her to develop a cunning plan. She talked the women of the country into roasting the seed grains, thus causing a severe famine. She bri…

(Παλλήνη/ Pallḗnē). [German version] [1] Daughter of the giant Alcyoneus Also called Palene (Παλήνη/ Palḗnē): Suda s.v. Ἀλκυονίδες ἡμέραι. According to Hegesander (or Agesander: FHG 4, 422, fr. 46), daughter of the giant Alcyoneus [1], who, along with her sisters (Alcyonides [2]), threw herself into the ocean from the Canastraeum, only to be turned into a kingfisher ( alkyṓn, after her father) by Amphitrite (Suda l.c.; Eust. ad Hom. Il. 1,563, p. 776,33-39 (according to Pausanias); Apostolius Paroemiographus 2,20). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) Bibliography P.M.C. Forbes Irving, Metamo…

[German version] (Πιτθεύς/ Pittheús, name probably derived from πειθώ/ peithṓ [1], therefore something like 'good adviser' [3], cf. [2]). P. was perhaps originally an ancient oracular deity, according to the sources the son of Pelops and Hippodamia [1], a brother of Atreus and Thyestes (Eur. Med. 684; Eur. Heracl. 207; Apollod. Epit. 2,10; Schol. Eur. Or. 5; Ov. Met. 8,622f.), father of Aethra (Hom. Il. 3,144; Eur. Heracl. 207f.; Eur. Supp. 4-7; Bacchyl. 17,34; Hyg. Fab. 14,5 and elsewhere) and Henioche …

[German version] (Θαύμας/ Thaúmas). Son of Pontus [1] and Gaia (or Tethys: Orph. Fr. 117), brother of Nereus, Phorcys [1], Ceto and Eurybia (Hes. Theog. 237 f.; Apollod. 1,10); with Electra [1] (Ozomene: Hyg. Fab. 14,18) father of the Harpies and Iris [1] (Hes. Theog. 265-267; 780; Verg. Aen. 9,5; Ov. Met 4,480 et passim; on the interpretation of the genealogy see Pl. Tht. 155d; Cic. Nat. D. 3,20,51). T. is also named as the father of the river Hydaspes (Nonn. Dion. 26,358-365) and of Arce (Ptol. Chennos 6,6, p. 39 Chatzis). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

(Ξανθίππη; Xanthíppē). [German version] [1] Daughter of Dorus Daughter of Dorus, with Pleuron parent of Agenor [3], Sterope, Stratonice and Laophonte (Apollod. 1,58). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] Mythical feeder of her imprisoned father Mycon Woman who fed her father Mycon in prison with her milk (Hyg. Fab. 254; the same motif with different names: Val. Max. 5,4, ext. 1; Plin. HN 7,121; Fest. 228,28-32; Solin. 1,124f.; Nonn. Dion. 26,101-145). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [3] Wife of the philosopher Socrates [2] Wife of the philosopher Socrates [2]; orig…

[German version] (Μολοσσός/ Molossós). Son of Neoptolemus [1] and Andromache (unnamed in Eur. Andr.). In Pausanias (1,11,1f.) brother of Pielus and Pergamus, stepbrother of Cestrinus. Eponym of the Molossi and forebear of the Molossian dynasty (Eratosth. in schol. Hom. Od. 3,188; cf. Pind. Nem. 7,38-40 and schol. Pind. Nem. 7,56a-b; Serv. Aen. 3,297). Antoni, Silke (Kiel)

(Νοήμων/ Noḗmōn). [German version] [1] Lycian, follower of Sarpedon at Troy Lycian, follower of Sarpedon at Troy, killed by Odysseus (Hom. Il. 5,678; Ov. Met. 13,258). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] Pylian, companion of Antilochus at Troy Pylian, companion of Antilochus at Troy (Hom. Il. 23,612). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [3] Ithacian Ithacian, son of Phronius, who upon Athena's request lent a ship to Telemachus for his journey to Pylus (Hom. Od. 2,386f.). When he later needed the ship himself, he asked Antinous [1] about Te…

(Ὀδίος/ Odíos, auch Ὁδίος/ Hodíos). [German version] [1] Herald of the Greeks at Troy Herald of the Greeks at Troy (Hom. Il. 9,170; of the Telamonian Ajax [1]: schol. Hom. Il. 2,96). Antoni, Silke (Kiel) [German version] [2] Leader of the Halizons at Troy Together with Epistrophus (in Dictys 2,35 both are sons of Minuus) leader before Troy of the Halizons from the Bithynian Alybe (Hom. Il. 2,856f.; Str. 12,3,20ff.; Apollod. Epit. 3,35), fought on the Trojans' side and was killed by Agamemnon (Hom. Il. 5,38-42). On the name: Arr. FGrH 156 F 98. Antoni, Silke (Kiel)