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Borel, Eugène Keywords: International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement | International humanitarian law | Mots clefs: Mouvement international de la Croix-Rouge et du Croissant-Rouge | ABSTRACT Eugene Borel presents the International Organization of the Red Cross in two parts: a historical part (origin of the Red Cross and the Geneva Convention, national societies and international conferences of the Red Cross, League of Nations) and a legal part (former Red Cross, 1863 resolutions, international conferences, International Committee, League of Societies of the Red Cross). Eug…

Siotto Pintor, Manfredi Keywords: Subjects of international law | Mots clefs: Sujets du droit international public | ABSTRACT Manfredi Siotto Pintor begins the course on the Subjects of International Law other than the States with a study of the uncertainties of the doctrine on the scope and nuances of the concept of subject of international law. The author then studies the definitions from the subjective point of view and from the objective point of view of international law. The author later focuses on internat…

C. Gutteridge, H. Keywords: Judicial competence | Private international law | Mots clefs: Compétence judiciaire | Droit international privé | ABSTRACT H.C. Gutteridge, in this course, undertakes the task of trying to examine the international situation from the point of view of judicial competence, and to use comparative method for it. He, thus, successively addresses the theory of judicial competence, the problems of competence on private international law, and the results of the work of unification. H.C. Gutteridge entreprend la tâche, dans ce cours, d'essayer de fair…

Fabre-Surveyer, Édouard Keywords: Canada | Private international law | Mots clefs: Canada | Droit international privé | ABSTRACT The intention of Edouard Fabre-Surveyer is to limit his course to the private international law of his country, Canada, which is already sufficiently complicated, he explains, Canada being composed of the nine provinces each one having a legislature which votes laws, of which some of them have an impact on private international law. The author successively studies the topics of residenc…

Hostie, Jean Keywords: United States of America | Supreme court | Public international law | Mots clefs: Etats-Unis d’Amérique | Cour suprême | Droit international public | ABSTRACT Jean Hostie explains that the Supreme Court of the United States holds a unique position in the Law of nations because of two particularities: the Supreme Court has inherited the jurisdiction over disputes between States of the Union and, in the disputes between individuals, its freedom of judgment with respect to other governmental powers is m…

Balogh, Elemér Keywords: Refugees | Mots clefs: Réfugiés | ABSTRACT Elemer Balogh notes in the introduction to his course that the issue of refugees and massive displacements of populations following the former victories of the axis powers still remains, in 1949, one of the most tragic issues. After a series of developments on refugees and asylum, historical refugees, anti-Semitism, forced migration, and refugee mentality, the author focuses on the current and future practical problems and the possible so…

Giraud, Emile Keywords: International organizations | Secretariat | Mots clefs: Organisations internationales | Secrétariat | ABSTRACT The intention of Emile Giraud, in making this study, is to investigate the conditions for the effectiveness of the Secretariat of an International Institution. After an introduction to some general aspects of international organizations and their secretariats, the author examines in the first chapter the role of the Secretariat of the international organization. The author then …

Giuliano, Mario Keywords: Diplomatic and consular immunities | Mots clefs: Immunités diplomatiques et consulaires | ABSTRACT Mario Giuliano devotes his course to the systematization and analysis of the most important rules of common international law, which governs the execution of the permanent diplomatic mission of a State on the territory of another State in peacetime. The author classifies the many rules of common international law regarding the execution of the diplomatic mission according to whether they …

Mcwhinney, Q.C., Edward Keywords: Aerial hijacking | Mots clefs: Détournement d aeronefs | ABSTRACT Edward McWhinney discusses the issue of diversion in this course. After a presentation of the nature of the problem, the author presents the "special legal community" of aeronautics. He then examines the legal approaches applicable to diversion, the objectives of the legal solutions to diversion, and finally the necessary balance between global solutions and empirical methods. Edward McWhinney étudie dans ce cours la question du détournement d'avion. Après un exposé…

Pharand, Donat Keywords: Arctic | Mots clefs: Arctique | ABSTRACT The polar regions, and particularly the Arctic region, have acquired a considerable importance over the years preceding the writing of the course by Donat Pharand, Professor at the Faculty of Law of University of Ottawa. After a brief description of the physical aspects of the Arctic, the author shows its importance and the legal issues, namely: the Arctic territory, the continental shelf and the seabed, the Arctic Ocean and the ice pack, Arctic airspace, etc. Les régions polaires, et particulièrement la région ar…

Truyol Y Serra, Antonio Keywords: Public international law | Mots clefs: Droit international public | ABSTRACT In his general course on public international law, Antonio Truyol y Serra attempts to find out what is constant and new, or possibly renewal, in the current evolution - to draw up, so to speak, an assessment that does not disdain to take into account the extra-legal factors, which contributed or contribute to the configuration of the principles and rules of public international law as they are presente…

Verhoeven, Joe Keywords: Recognition of states | Private international law | Mots clefs: Reconnaissance des Etats | Droit international privé | ABSTRACT Joe Verhoeven, Professor at the Catholic University of Louvain, notes in the introduction to his study that every legal system contains "recognitions", which express multilateral wills to which the law committed to particular effects. Solutions to (non) recognition issues raised in private international relations will be sought almost exclusively in national case law…

Bettati, Mario Keywords: International civil servants | Mots clefs: Fonctionnaires internationaux | ABSTRACT Mario Bettati, Dean of the Paris-Sud Law Faculty, points out that the complex web of existing international organizations requires first of all an attempt to draw a general picture of the disparate systems of public offices (Chapter I). On the basis of the fundamental concepts, the objective of the study of recruitment, which is still dependent on the will of the member State (Chapter II), is to deter…

H. A. Van Loon, J. Keywords: The Hague | Conventions | Adoption | Mots clefs: La Haye | Conventions | Adoption | ABSTRACT International adoption has developed significantly since the seventies, states J.H.A. van Loon, first secretary of the Hague Conference on private international law. The author starts by outlining the reality and evolution of adoption as a worldwide social phenomenon. He goes on to address the intercountry characteristics, the evolution and the practices of international adoption. Mr. van Loon then…

W. M. Waters, Donovan Keywords: Trusts | Mots clefs: Trustees | ABSTRACT In his course dedicated to common law trust and trust in the Roman-Germanic tradition, Donovan Waters, Professor at the University of Victoria, Canada, elaborates on the theory that, though the English trust and fideicommissum have much in common, they have two totally different approaches. To this purpose Professor Waters recalls of the origins and the historical development of common law trust. He then develops the theory of the mode…

Francioni, Francesco Keywords: Antarctica | Natural resources | Environmental protection | Mots clefs: Antarctique | Ressources naturelles | Protection de la nature et de l environnement | ABSTRACT Over the past twenty years the legal system of the Antarctic has undergone a remarkable evolution. At the same time, the originating instrument, the treaty of Washington of 1959, has not undergone any modifications. Francesco Francesconi, Professor at the University or Sienna, starts his course by presenting the Treaty, and inte…

D. Kerameus, Konstantinos Keywords: Judicial competence | Mots clefs: Compétence judiciaire | ABSTRACT In this course, Konstantinos Kerameus, Professor at the University of Athens, draws up a report of the mutual and gradual convergence of international law and the enforcement of foreign law. The first part of the course concerns recent codifications and case-law developments in the field of enforcement, both on the national level and in attempts to introduce international harmonization. The second part disc…

PLENDER, RICHARD Keywords: European Free Trade Association | Court of justice; Procedure | Court of Justice of the European Communities | European Court of Human Rights | International Court of Justice | Court of First Instance of the European Communities | Mots clefs: Association européenne de libre-échange | Cour de justice | Procédure | Cour de justice des Communautés européennes | Cour européenne des droits de l homme | Cour internationale de Justice | Tribunal de première instance des Communautés européennes | ABSTRACT Professor Richard Plender proposes in this course to …

I. Charney, Jonathan Keywords: International courts | Public international law | Mots clefs: Tribunaux internationaux | Droit international public | ABSTRACT In this course, Jonathan I. Charney, Professor at Vanderbilt University, Nashville wonders if the coherence of international law is threatened by the increasing number of international tribunals. Professor Charney endeavours to answer this question by investigating various themes: treaty interpretation and reservations, sources of international law, State respo…

Wolfrum, Rüdiger Keywords: Environmental protection | International law | Mots clefs: Protection de la nature et de l environnement | Droit international | ABSTRACT Rüdiger Wolfrum, director of the Max-Planck Institute Comparative Public Law and International Law, splits his course on the means of ensuring compliance with and enforcement of international law into seven chapters. After an introductory chapter, Rüdiger Wolfrum describes the régimes that have been designed to ensure that the obligations to provide for the…