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Baladiyya
(9,924 words)
, municipality, the term used in Turkish (
belediye ), Arabic, and other Islamic languages, to denote modern municipal institutions of European type, as against earlier Islamic forms of urban organisation [see madīna ]. The term, like so many modern Islamic neologisms and the innovations they express, first appeared in Turkey, where Western-style municipal institutions and services were introduced as part of the general reform programme of the
Tanẓīmāt [
q.v.]. (1) turkey. The first approaches towards modern municipal administration seems to have been made by Sultan …