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Nomen gentile, probably originally Etruscan, occurred at Rome only from the 1st cent. BC onwards. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] A certain S. from Camerinum was commissioned to recruit followers for Catilina at Picenum in 63 BC, presumably because he was of the Umbrian-Picenan municipal nobility (cf. CIL I2 1921; 1929) (Sall. Catil. 27,1). Bartels, Jens (Bonn) [German version] [I 2] Friend of Horace's; he hoped to enter the cohors amicorum of a member of the imperial household through his relationship with the latter (Hor. Carm.…

[German version] Someone occupied with the documentation and care of formal and formless administrative records (  acta ) of a public authority. Ab a. coincides only partially with the designation   act(u)arius , who held a higher rank in public service (Cod. Iust. 2,7,26). The optio ab a. (CIL VI 3884) is a military administrative official of the imperial era; the ab a. senatus (also curator actorum senatus), a senator with quaestorial rank, produced the senate records in the second and 3rd cents. AD; the procurator ab a. urbis directed the office for the acta diurna.  Commentariis, a Eck,…

[German version] [1] Greek geographer from Heraclea, between AD 200 and 530, Marcianus I Greek [1] (Μαρκιανός; Markianós). Geographer from Heraclea [7] between AD 200 (he used the geographer Protagoras) and 530 (he is often quoted by Steph. Byz.), possibly after 400 (GGM 1, CXXX; [2. 272; 3. 997; 6. 156f.]) or even closer to Steph. Byz. [1. 46]. Personal information about him is not available. Only 21 quotes from his Epitome of the eleven books of the Geōgraphía by Artemidorus [3] of Ephesus have been handed down by Steph. Byz. and one as Schol. Apoll. Rhod. 3,859 (GGM 1,…

[German version] Woman of senatorial rank, close confidante of Nero, after whose death she attempted to incite Clodius Macer to rebel. After her return to Rome in AD 69, she enjoyed the protection of all emperors, partly due to her marriage to a consular senator (Tac. Hist. 1,73; Raepsaet-Charlier no. 184; PIR2 C 363). For brick stamps from Tergeste bearing her name, see [1. 168], for property ownership suppl. It. 8,38, no. 6; AE 1972, 102. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 C. Zaccaria, M. Župančič in C. Zaccaria (ed.): I laterizi di età romana nell' area nordadriatica, 1993.

[German version] [1] M. Acilius Priscus E. Plarianus Roman magistrate and pontifex Volcani after 105 AD An E. by birth but adopted by a M. Acilius Priscus. The family came from Ostia. Senator. He rose via the proconsulate in the Narbonensis, the command of the legio VIII Augusta, to the praefectura of the aerarium militare and then the aerarium Saturni 126 [1. 301]. It is unknown if he became consul. In Ostia pontifex Volcani after 105. PIR2 E 48 [1. 285-308]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] A.E. Plarianus Cos. suff. 128 AD pater. Cos. suff. in 128. Vidman, FOst 49 [1. 302]. Eck, We…

[German version] Daughter of Vistilia [2], born around 5 AD. Although she was not exceptionally beautiful and was already the mother of three daughters, Caligula had a relationship and a close personal bond with her. He married her when she was pregnant, shortly before the birth of a daughter who was given the name Iulia [14] Drusilla. However, Nero did not grant M. the name Augusta. She was murdered together with Caligula and her daughter at the beginning of the year 41 by a centurio. Nothing in CIL VI 32347 (Acts of the Arval brethren) points to the deletion of her name. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bib…

[German version] L. Albius P. Pollio. Cos. suff. under Domitianus [1] in the year of crisis, AD 90; he was therefore supposed to have been one of the emperor's loyal followers. Proconsul of Asia probably in 104/5. Possibly identical with the owner of a number of brickworks in 123. PIR2 P 1076. Eck, Werner (Cologne)

[German version] [1] Friend of Ovid Among his best friends, Ovid mentions  Propertius,  Ponticus, and Bassus quoque clarus iambis (Ov. Tr. 4,10,45-47). This B. could therefore likely be the addressee of Prop. 1,4,1 and perhaps Horace's friend (Carm. 1,36,14). No fragments exist whatsoever. It cannot be determined whether the iambographer is also identical with  Iulius B., the rhetor mentioned by the older Seneca, who consectari ... solebat res sordidas (Contr. 10,1,13). Richmond, John A. (Blackrock, VA) Bibliography H. Bardon, 2, 52. [German version] [2] Military aid to praef…

[German version] [1] U. Cornificia Faustina Daughter of U. [3], niece of Marcus [2] Aurelius. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography Raepsaet-Charlier, Nr. 827. [German version] [2] U. Quadratilla Daughter of U. [1]. For her possible marriage and descendants see [1. 662-665]. Pliny (Epist. 7,24) describes her as an extravagant woman, who even at a great age kept a group of mimes; in her home city of Casinum she had an amphitheatre and a temple built (ILS 5628). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 Syme, RP 2 Raepsaet-Charlier, Nr. 829. [German version] [3] U. (Quadratilla) Married to th…

(Δίδυμος; Dídymos). [1] of Alexandria Important Greek grammarian of the latter half of the 1st cent. BC [German version] A. Philological activity The most important Greek grammarian of the latter half of the 1st cent. BC. The biographical entry in the Suda (δ 872) tells us that he was still alive in the reign of Augustus, and mentions a nickname ‘Chalkenteros’ (Χαλκέντερος, ‘Brazen-guts’, cf. the Suda ι 399, χ 29). To his strong constitution he attributed an untiring assiduity that extended to different branches of p…

Family name of Oscan origin. [I 184]. The family was prominent in Capua (M. [I 3], cf. Cic. Pis. 24) and M.'s [I 5] sons were the first to be admitted to the Senate in the 1st cent. BC. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] Grandfather of the poet Vergilius on his mother's side Grandfather of the poet Vergilius on his mother's side; was allegedly an official messenger ( viator ; Donat. Vita Vergilii 1). Kierdorf, Wilhelm (Cologne) [German version] [I 2] M., Cn. Governor of Numidia AD 256-258. From Larinum in Samnium, died about 88 BC; heir of his (half…

Name of an important family in Arretium (Schulze, 149); involved in a dispute with the town's citizens in 302 BC (Liv. 10,3,2 i.a.). Augustus called  Maecenas a Cilnian, which presumably only referred to his maternal ancestors (Macrob. Sat. 2,4,12). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [1] C. Proculus, C. Cos. suff. 87 AD From Arretium. Cos. suff. in AD 87 (AE 1949, 23). Father of C. [2]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] C. Proculus, C. Senator, governor, c. 100 AD Senator from Arretium (CIL XI 1833 and AE 1926, 123 belong together: [1. 239ff.] = AE 1985,…

Oscan praenomen, later a widespread nomen gentile; literary refs. at Rome from as early as the 5th cent. BC (O. [I 5]), but historical evidence only from the 2nd cent. The Tusculan Opiter O., who is said to have given his name to the Mons O. at Rome, is an invention (Varro in Fest. 476 L.). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] O., C. Author of a law of 215 BC to limit displays of wealth Restricted the opportunities for women to display wealth by his law of 215 BC (Liv. 34,1,1-3 et alibi; MRR 1, 255). In 195, this legislation was repealed despite the res…

[German version] [1] L. P. Firmus Cos. suff. AD 75 Cos. suff. in AD 75; related to P. [2], presumably his son. PIR2 P 138. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] P. P. Firmus Office Holder (1st cent. AD) Senator. Praetorian Proconsul of Pontus-Bithynia under Claudius [III 1]. He became cos. suff. in AD 65, replacing Iulius Vestinus Atticus, who had been forced to withdraw; P. would probably never have attained the consulate without this sudden vacancy. He was probably already quite old, at least over 50, which explains the short interval pr…

Name of a Roman plebeian family, historically attested at Rome from the 3rd cent. BC. The name was a common one, but its bearers were politically insignificant. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] Legate of L. Licinius [I 26] Lucullus in 69 BC. Distinguished himself in the Armenian war (Plut. Lucullus 25,4-6; App. Mithr. 381-385), but fell into Parthian hands in 68 (Cass. Dio 36,3,2 f.). Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) [German version] [I 2] Praetor before 67 BC, together with his colleague Bellinus, he was kidnapped by pirates (Plut. Pompeius 24,6). Fündling,…

Honorary name that replaced the older form Asiagenus/-genes in the Augustan period, common among the Cornelii Scipiones, in the Imperial period also among the Valerians; first adopted as a victor's title by P.  Cornelius Scipio Asiagenus ( cos. 190), then continued by his descendants. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [1] Aristocrat from Gaul (died 69 AD) Aristocrat from Gaul ( dux Galliarum), who fought for Julius Vindex in AD 68; executed by  Vitellius upon the soldiers' wish in 69 (Tac. Hist. 2,94,2; PIR2 A 1215). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] Valerius Asi…

[German version] S. Marcella. Wife of C. Minicius [4] Fundanus, sister of Statorius Secundus, mother of two daughters, including Minicia Marcella, whose death is mentioned in Plinius (Ep. 5,16). The ara of her tomb was found together with the ara of her daughter on Monte Mario in Rome (CIL VI 16632). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography W. Eck, Tra epigrafia, prosopografia e archeologia, 1996, 239.

[German version] Slave and eunuch of Drusus [II 1], the son of Tiberius. Aelius [II 19] Seianus instigated L.'s poisoning of Drusus in AD 23. When Apicata, the wife of Seianus, testified about her husband in 30, L. was also convicted and executed. PIR2 L 465. Eck, Werner (Cologne)

[German version] Consular representative who in AD 57 through mediation on the part of Otho was re-admitted to the Senate by Nero after he had been expelled from the committee for extortion (PIR2 L 428). According to Syme [1. 366ff.], he could have been consular legate in Pannonia or Dalmatia. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 Syme, RP, vol. 4.

Roman surname, derived from the name of the goddess Iuno [1. 470; 2. 731]. The gens was plebeian; the idea that this family originated from the patrician founder of the Republic L. I. [I 4] Brutus (Cic. Att. 13,40,1), which was particularly propagated by the murderers of Caesar, M. and D. I. Brutus [I 10 and 12], was already a matter of controversy in ancient times (Plut. Brutus 1,6-8). T.  Pomponius Atticus (Nep. Att. 18,3) composed a family history at the request of M. Brutus. This gens became politically im…