Mezghani, Ali Keywords: Contracts | Illegal activities | Private international law | Law of contracts | Mots clefs: Contrats | Pratiques illicites | Droit international privé | Droit des obligations | ABSTRACT Ali Mezghani reports in this course on the exponential increase of unlawful activities and on the fact that it is impossible for the law to remain without answer vis-à-vis this increase. Professor Mezghani endeavours to give an account of the law's answer in three different terrains. First of all, in the field of rules o…

Salah Mohamed Mahmoud, Mohamed Keywords: Autonomy | Law of contracts | Private international law | Law of immediate application | Mots clefs: Autonomie | Droit des obligations | Droit international privé | Lois d'application immédiate | ABSTRACT In this course, Professor Salah Mohamed Mahmoud confronts the principle of party autonomy with the methods for the protection of the weak party in private international contract law. Professor Salah Mohamed Mahmoud also aims to discover whether, at the present time of globalisation, the law…

Loquin, Éric Keywords: International commercial law | Material law | Lex mercatoria | Law of contracts | United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (Vienna, 11 April 1980) | Mots clefs: Droit commercial international | Droit matériel | Lex mercatoria | Droit des obligations | Convention des Nations Unies sur les contrats de vente internationale de marchandises (Vienne, 11 avril 1980) | ABSTRACT The rules of private international law seek to attain unity and universality, according to Professor Éric Loquin, Professor of private in…

Lando, Ole Keywords: Law of contracts | Private international law | International contracts | Mots clefs: Droit des obligations | Droit international privé | ABSTRACT Ole Lando, Professor at the Institute for European Market Law in Copenhagen, points out in the introduction to his course that all contracts are governed by law. The purpose of Professor Lando’s course is to determine which law is applicable. The author intends to report on the conflict of laws as it appears in the most representative legal systems, namely…

Skapski, Józef Keywords: Socialist countries | Sale | Law of contracts | Private international law | International commercial law | Mots clefs: Pays socialistes | Vente | Droit des obligations | Droit international privé | Droit commercial international | ABSTRACT The legal rules concerning foreign trade were unified quite extensively (in 1972) in one of the regions of the socialist countries grouped in the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance. However, the existing legal situation is not always satisfactory, and many doubts that nee…

Curti Gialdino, A. Keywords: Will | Law of contracts | Private international law | Contrats de développement | Mots clefs: Volonté | Droit des obligations | Droit international privé | Economic development agreement | ABSTRACT A. Curti Gialdino, Professor at the Faculty of Law of Perugia, devotes the course to the Will of the Parties in Private International Law and presents a normative basis of psychological connection in the first chapter. He studies the ratio of the conflict rule considering psychological attachment, then the …

Jèze, Gaston Keywords: International contracts | Gold clause | Currency depreciation | Law of contracts | Mots clefs: Contrats internationaux | Clause or | Dépréciation des monnaies | Droit des obligations | ABSTRACT The failure of the State, for public loan contracts (domestic loans or external loans), is a current problem, writes Gaston Jeze in 1935. At the present moment, except a few small States (Switzerland, Holland), all the others have more or less seriously missed their commitments. It is certainly, continues the autho…

Lagarde, Paul Keywords: Law of contracts | Private international law | Marital property | Mots clefs: Droit des obligations | Régime des biens des époux | ABSTRACT Paul Lagarde, Professor at the University of Paris I, notes in the introduction to his general course on private international law that the private international law can always be considered as the right to attachment, the most important question is that of the basis of the selected attachment. In this regard, the author notes, there is at least one point on wh…

Pocar, Fausto Keywords: Law of contracts | Private international law | International contracts | Mots clefs: Droit des obligations | Droit international privé | ABSTRACT In his course, Fausto Pocar, Professor at the University of Milan, discusses whether and to what extent an objective of private international law, along with other possible objectives, is to ensure the protection of the weak against the strong, whether there are rules drawn from such an objective and, if so, what their characteristic features are. The a…

Ferrari Bravo, Luigi Keywords: Law of contracts | Private international law | Mots clefs: Droit des obligations | Droit international privé | ABSTRACT Luigi Ferrari Bravo, Professor at the Faculty of Political Science of the Oriental University Institute, Naples, gives an analysis from the perspective of the rules of conflict between contracts and tort obligations in his course. After a presentation of the basic data, the author focuses on the relations between contracts and tort obligations from the perspective of th…

Niboyet, J.-P. Keywords: Will | Autonomy | Law of contracts | Private international law | Mots clefs: Volonté | Autonomie | Droit des obligations | Droit international privé | ABSTRACT J.-P. Niboyet writes in the introduction to his course that without any exaggeration one can consider that the Theory of Party Autonomy is currently the most difficult of all private international law. Party Autonomy is commonly understood to mean the power of the parties to choose the competent law in matters of contracts, a law which is neve…

Boele-Woelki, Katharina Keywords: Family law | Private international law | Choice of law | Unification of law | Law of contracts | Model law | Legal principles | Conventions | Directives | International law and domestic law | Mots clefs: ABSTRACT Traditionally, conflict of law rules designate only national substantive law as the applicable law. Many unifying and harmonizing substantive law instruments of both States and non-State organizations, however, are designed specifically for application to cross-border relationships. Achieving …

Black, Vaughan Keywords: Contracts | Damages | Currency depreciation | Law of contracts | Private international law | Mots clefs: Contrats | Dommages-intérêts | Dépréciation des monnaies | Droit des obligations | Droit international privé | ABSTRACT In his course dedicated to foreign currency obligations in private international law, Vaughan Black, Professor at Dalhousie Law School in Halifax, examines the problem of currency in judicial remedies. The first chapters are descriptive in their approach. Professor Black explains the va…

Nussbaum, Arthur Keywords: International contracts | Gold clause | Currency depreciation | Law of contracts | Mots clefs: Contrats internationaux | Clause or | Dépréciation des monnaies | Droit des obligations | ABSTRACT Gold Clause (Clause-Or) means a contractual agreement by which a debtor of sums of money pledges to pay gold coins or a sum corresponding to the value of a determined quantity of gold, explains Arthur Nussbaum. The author studies this clause by starting to distinguish other similar agreements. He then focuses o…

Dolinger, Jacob Keywords: Legal principles | Private international law | Public order | Convention on the Law applicable to Contractual obligations (Rome, 19 June 1980) | Law of contracts | Contracts | Torts | Mots clefs: Principes généraux du droit | Droit international privé | Ordre public | Convention sur la loi applicable aux obligations contractuelles [Rome, 19 juin 1980] | Droit des obligations | Contrats | Quasi-contrats et quasi-délits | ABSTRACT Professor Jacob Dolinger, Professor at the Rio de Janeiro State University, divides his course on the evolution o…

Sauser-Hall, Georges Keywords: International contracts | Gold clause | Currency depreciation | Law of contracts | Mots clefs: Contrats internationaux | Clause or | Dépréciation des monnaies | Droit des obligations | ABSTRACT Georges Sauser-Hall proposes a systematic study of the issue of the gold clause in contracts, at a time when the issue is of crucial importance. The author begins with a presentation of the legal nature of the gold clause, next focuses on the fight against the gold clause and on the conflicts of laws on the…

Beitzke, G. Keywords: Fulfilment of obligation | Law of contracts | Private international law | Mots clefs: Exécution d une obligation | Droit des obligations | Droit international privé | ABSTRACT Guenther Beitzke points out that few issues in private international law have been discussed so intensely in the years preceding the course (which dates back to 1965) as the problem of the law applicable to the tort. Neither the lex loci deliciti is not unanimous, nor the law of the morning forum of lex loci delicti. Some also prop…

J. Weintraub, Russell Keywords: Law of contracts | Private international law | International contracts | Mots clefs: Droit des obligations | Droit international privé | ABSTRACT The distinction between conflict of laws concerning the validity of a contract and concerning its construction is central to any sensible application of functional analysis. In this course, the author explains the analysis, discusses the criticisms of the analysis that have emerged, and responds to these criticisms. He describes two features wide…

C. Hartley, Trevor Keywords: Common law | Law of contracts | International contracts | Mots clefs: Common law | Droit des obligations | Contrats internationaux | ABSTRACT In his course devoted to the Common Law approach of mandatory rules, Trevor C. Hartley, Professor at the London School of Economics and Political Science, gives several definitions of the concept of mandatory rules. He next discussed different theories that deal specifically with these rules. The author then focuses on the Rome convention and the America…

Leben, Charles Keywords: Foreign direct investment | State contracts | Law of contracts | Private international law | International arbitration | Mots clefs: Investissement | Contrats d'Etat | Droit des obligations | Droit international privé | Arbitrage international | ABSTRACT A contract of State, explains Professor Leben, is an official report drawn up between the State and a foreign body with regards to an international economic operation, that generally, but not necessarily, concerns an investment. This matter has evolved conside…