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Manlia Scantilla

(43 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] Wife of Didius [II 6] Iulianus, who after his acclamation as emperor (AD 193) conferred on her the title Augusta. According to the Historia Augusta (HA Did. 8,9f.) she outlived her husband. PIR2 M 166. Eck, Werner (Cologne)

Graecinius

(111 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] P.G. Laco. Knight from Verona. Successor of Sutorius Macro as praefectus vigilum in AD 31; he supported him in the elimination of Seianus ( Aelius [II 19]); therefore, the Senate bestowed upon him the ornamenta quaestoria. He was procurator in Gallia under Claudius during the Britannia campaign, possibly entrusted with a special logistic function for the campaign. He was honoured with a statue and ornamenta consularia by the Senate in 44 at the request of Claudius; in addition, he received a seat in the Senate as often as he escorted Claudius…

Apronia

(64 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] Died 24 AD Daughter of L.  Apronius [II 1], cos. suff. AD 8, in 24 killed by her husband Plautius Silvanus (Tac. Ann. 4,22). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] Caesia Wife of Lentulus Gaetulicus, cos. ord. 26 AD Second daughter of L. Apronius, cos. suff. AD 8, wife of Lentulus Gaetulicus, cos. ord. 26. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography Vogel-Weidemann, 76 f.

Vestricius

(289 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] T. V. Spurinna. Senator, possibly homo novus, probably of Etruscan origin, but according to [2. 542] rather from an Etruscan family that had migrated to Transpadana. Born in c. AD 25, since, according to Plin. Ep. 3,1,10, in c. 101 he had completed his 78th year. He entered the Senate no later than under Nero [1]. In 69 he was appointed by Otho a commander in the battle with the followers of Vitellius [II 2] (Tac. Hist. 2,11; 18 f.; 23; 36). The tradition after that is silent until the year 97. According to Pliny t…

Matidius

(112 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] C. Salonius M. Patruinus. Senator from Vicetia in Upper Italy. He was praetor before 78 AD, when he acted as magister of the Arvales fratres . He died the same year (CIL VI 2056). An inscription from Vicetia refers to another senator who was elevated to the Senate by Claudius; whether he became a patrician at the same time is disputed [1; 2. 324ff.]. He is either M. or his father. M. was married to Trajan's sister, Ulpia Marciana. Their daughter was Matidia [1] the Elder. PIR2 M 365; 366. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 G. Alföldy, Ein Senator aus Vicetia, in: ZPE 39, 1…

Sabucius

(73 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] C. S. Maior Caecilianus. Senator; after the praetorship, he took six praetorian offices, including the office of a praef. aerarii militaris, of a praetorian imperial governor of Gallia Belgica shortly after AD 180, and of a procos. of Achaia. C os. suff. in 186 (RMD 1, 69). His grandson, C. S. Maior Faustinus, also had senatorial rank (CIL VI 1510 = ILS 1123a). PIR S 34. Eck, Werner (Cologne)

Ducenius

(216 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] A.D. Geminus Cos. suff. 61 or 62 AD Originally from Patavium. Cos. suff. in 61 or 62. In 62 appointed, with two senators, curator vectigalium publicorum by Nero (Tac. Ann. 15,18,3); the issuing collection of regulations, the tax law of the Province of Asia, are now known through an inscription from Ephesus (H. Engelmann, D. Knibbe, EA 14, 1989 = SEG 39, 1180 = AE 1989, 681). Subsequently legate of Dalmatia; appointed praef. urbi by Galba but quickly replaced by Flavius Sabinus. If ILS 963 refers to him, he became proconsul of Asia under Vespasian. PIR2 D 201. Eck, Werner …

Medicus

(92 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] Victory title Victory title (victory over the Medes = Persians), first awarded to Marcus [II 6] Aurelius and Lucius Verus, evidently as the result of a victorious campaign against Media Atropatene in AD 165/6. This title next appears as an epithet for Probus, Diocletian, and his co-rulers, then for Constantine, in each case with the addition maximus. The title has been erroneously ascribed to other rulers. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography P. Kneissl, Die Siegestitulatur der römischen Kaiser, 1969, 99ff.; 211; 247. [German version] [2] see Medicine see Medicine

Tineius

(415 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] Q. T. Clemens Senator; cos. ord. in AD 195; son of T. [6]. On the family of the Tineii, s. [1]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 O. Salomies, Die Herkunft der senatorischen T., in: ZPE 60, 1985, 199-202. [German version] [2] Q. T. Demetrius Praefectus Aegypti in AD 189/190, [1. 489; 2. 511; 3. 138, 143]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 P. Bureth, Le préfet d'Egypte (30 av. J. C. - 297 ap. J. C.), in: ANRW II 10.1, 1988, 472-502 2 G. Bastianini, Il prefetto d'Egitto, in: ANRW II 10.1, 1988, 503-517 3 F. Goddio et al., L'épigraphie sous-marine dan…

Celerius, P.

(81 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] (in editions of Tacitus erroneously P. Celer); patrimonial procurator in Asia to Claudius and Nero (I. Eph. 7,2,3043/44; SEG 39, 1172). At the end of 54, C. murdered Iunius Silanus, procos. Asiae, at the behest of  Agrippina; in 57 accused in the Senate by the Province of Asia; but the trial was dragged out until his death (Tac. Ann. 13,1,2. 33,1). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography W. Eck, in: Splendissima Civitas, Études ... en hommage à F. Jaques, 1996, 67ff.

Bassaeus Rufus, M.

(94 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] Of low descent, lacking the usual education (Cass. Dio 71,5,2f.). In the army, he advanced to the office of primus pilus, held procuratorial positions in Spain, Noricum, and Gallia/Germania, and became a rationibus, praef. vigilum, praef. Aegypti in 168/169 [1. 297], praef. praetorio from 169 to before AD 180. He was honoured with the ornamenta consularia and, after his death, with three statues in Rome (CIL VI 1599=ILS 1326 [2. 389-393]). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 G. Bastianini, Lista dei Prefetti d'Egitto dal 30a al 299p, in: ZPE 17, 1975 2 Pflaum, 1.

Mansuanius

(30 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] C. M. Severus. Legate of the legio I Italica; not identical with Cossonius Gallus (see addenda), as has been suggested (AE 1998, 1131). Eck, Werner (Cologne)

Dunius

(22 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] L.D.Severus. Proconsul of Pontus-Bithynia under Claudius. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography PIR2 D 207 W. Weiser, in: ZPE 123, 1998, 275-290.

Aburnius

(89 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] Caedicianus, Q. (2nd cent. AD.) A. Caedicianus, Q., legatus Augusti, probably to a legion in Dacia under Trajan (CIL III 1089); became suffect consul together with C. Bruttius Praesens under Hadrian in AD 118 or 119; owner of the figlinae furianae and tempesinae between AD 123 and 140 (CIL XV 227-230; 603-605; 607-608). He was mentioned by Marcus Aurelius, εἰς ἑαυτόν 4,50 (FPD, 213 f.; PIR A 21). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] A. Valens, see  Fulvius. A. Valens, see  Fulvius. Eck, Werner (Cologne)

Verax

(47 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] He and his mother's brother, the Batavian Iulius [II 43] Civilis, attacked the auxiliary fort of Vada in 70/1 AD; they were repelled by Petillius [II 1] Cerealis but were able to escape into free Germania (Tac. Hist. 5,20; 5,21,1 f.). Batavian Revolt Eck, Werner (Cologne)

Acratus

(72 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] (Ἀκρατος; Ákratos) Greek personal name, especially common among slaves and freedmen [1]. A., freedman of Nero, collected artworks at his order in Achaea and Asia, including images of gods with which the domus aurea was supposed to be outfitted; he encountered resistance in Pergamum, only Rhodes eluded him (Tac. Ann. 15,45,2; 16,23,1; Dio Chrys. 31,149; PIR2 A 95). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 H. Solin, Die griech. PN, vol. 2, 1982, 727.

Actis, ab

(116 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] Someone occupied with the documentation and care of formal and formless administrative records (  acta ) of a public authority. Ab a. coincides only partially with the designation   act(u)arius , who held a higher rank in public service (Cod. Iust. 2,7,26). The optio ab a. (CIL VI 3884) is a military administrative official of the imperial era; the ab a. senatus (also curator actorum senatus), a senator with quaestorial rank, produced the senate records in the second and 3rd cents. AD; the procurator ab a. urbis directed the office for the acta diurna.  Commentariis, a Eck,…

Calvia Crispinilla

(94 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] Woman of senatorial rank, close confidante of Nero, after whose death she attempted to incite Clodius Macer to rebel. After her return to Rome in AD 69, she enjoyed the protection of all emperors, partly due to her marriage to a consular senator (Tac. Hist. 1,73; Raepsaet-Charlier no. 184; PIR2 C 363). For brick stamps from Tergeste bearing her name, see [1. 168], for property ownership suppl. It. 8,38, no. 6; AE 1972, 102. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 C. Zaccaria, M. Župančič in C. Zaccaria (ed.): I laterizi di età romana nell' area nordadriatica, 1993.

Egrilius

(265 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] M. Acilius Priscus E. Plarianus Roman magistrate and pontifex Volcani after 105 AD An E. by birth but adopted by a M. Acilius Priscus. The family came from Ostia. Senator. He rose via the proconsulate in the Narbonensis, the command of the legio VIII Augusta, to the praefectura of the aerarium militare and then the aerarium Saturni 126 [1. 301]. It is unknown if he became consul. In Ostia pontifex Volcani after 105. PIR2 E 48 [1. 285-308]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] A.E. Plarianus Cos. suff. 128 AD pater. Cos. suff. in 128. Vidman, FOst 49 [1. 302]. Eck, We…

Milonia Caesonia

(121 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] Daughter of Vistilia [2], born around 5 AD. Although she was not exceptionally beautiful and was already the mother of three daughters, Caligula had a relationship and a close personal bond with her. He married her when she was pregnant, shortly before the birth of a daughter who was given the name Iulia [14] Drusilla. However, Nero did not grant M. the name Augusta. She was murdered together with Caligula and her daughter at the beginning of the year 41 by a centurio. Nothing in CIL VI 32347 (Acts of the Arval brethren) points to the deletion of her name. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bib…

Pullaienus

(57 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] L. Albius P. Pollio. Cos. suff. under Domitianus [1] in the year of crisis, AD 90; he was therefore supposed to have been one of the emperor's loyal followers. Proconsul of Asia probably in 104/5. Possibly identical with the owner of a number of brickworks in 123. PIR2 P 1076. Eck, Werner (Cologne)

Ummidia

(121 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] U. Cornificia Faustina Daughter of U. [3], niece of Marcus [2] Aurelius. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography Raepsaet-Charlier, Nr. 827. [German version] [2] U. Quadratilla Daughter of U. [1]. For her possible marriage and descendants see [1. 662-665]. Pliny (Epist. 7,24) describes her as an extravagant woman, who even at a great age kept a group of mimes; in her home city of Casinum she had an amphitheatre and a temple built (ILS 5628). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 Syme, RP 2 Raepsaet-Charlier, Nr. 829. [German version] [3] U. (Quadratilla) Married to th…

Pasidienus

(108 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] L. P. Firmus Cos. suff. AD 75 Cos. suff. in AD 75; related to P. [2], presumably his son. PIR2 P 138. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] P. P. Firmus Office Holder (1st cent. AD) Senator. Praetorian Proconsul of Pontus-Bithynia under Claudius [III 1]. He became cos. suff. in AD 65, replacing Iulius Vestinus Atticus, who had been forced to withdraw; P. would probably never have attained the consulate without this sudden vacancy. He was probably already quite old, at least over 50, which explains the short interval pr…

Statoria

(64 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] S. Marcella. Wife of C. Minicius [4] Fundanus, sister of Statorius Secundus, mother of two daughters, including Minicia Marcella, whose death is mentioned in Plinius (Ep. 5,16). The ara of her tomb was found together with the ara of her daughter on Monte Mario in Rome (CIL VI 16632). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography W. Eck, Tra epigrafia, prosopografia e archeologia, 1996, 239.

Lygdus

(51 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] Slave and eunuch of Drusus [II 1], the son of Tiberius. Aelius [II 19] Seianus instigated L.'s poisoning of Drusus in AD 23. When Apicata, the wife of Seianus, testified about her husband in 30, L. was also convicted and executed. PIR2 L 465. Eck, Werner (Cologne)

Lurius Varus

(61 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] Consular representative who in AD 57 through mediation on the part of Otho was re-admitted to the Senate by Nero after he had been expelled from the committee for extortion (PIR2 L 428). According to Syme [1. 366ff.], he could have been consular legate in Pannonia or Dalmatia. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 Syme, RP, vol. 4.

[?Arr]enus Sabinus

(60 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] Senator from Interamna Praetuttiorum. He entered the Senate under Augustus, became quaestor, people's tribune, praetor, proconsul of an unnamed province, and finally legate to Augustus, probably in the province of Galatia. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography M. Buonocore, W. Eck, Teramo tra storia ed Epigrafia, in: Atti della Pontificia Accademia Romana di Archeologia, Ser. 3. Rendiconti, 72, 1999/2000, 221 ff.

Statores

(105 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] (from stare, 'to stand at someone's side'; in the military realm = ordinance). Soldiers who in the Imperial Period belonged to the staff of military commanders and governors with troops. They could belong to the troops from the city of Rome or to those in the provinces. Their tasks are difficult to determine; they might have functioned as letter couriers and prison wards. However, these tasks were probably only an (occasional) part of their duties. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography R. Haensch, A commentariis und commentariensis, in: Y. Le Bohec (ed.), La hiérarchie…

Appuleia

(58 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] A. Varilla, daughter of Sex. Appuleius, granddaughter of  Octavia, the sister of Augustus; in AD 17 she was accused of adulterium and lèse majesté against Augustus and Tiberius but after the princeps' intervention she was merely removed 200 miles from Rome (Tac. Ann. 2,50). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography Syme, AA, 317, 327 PIR2 A 968.

Accenna

(60 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [M.?] A. Verus. Suffect consul in AD 125 together with P. Lucius Cosconianus [1; 2]. Like the other senatorial Accennae he was from Baetica; cf. [3. 27 ff.]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 W. Eck et al., Neue Militärdiplome mit neuen Konsulndaten, in: Chiron 32, 2002, 401-426 2 W. Eck, P. Weiß, Hadrianische Suffektkonsuln: Neue Zeugnisse aus Militärdiplomen, in: ibid., 449-489 3 Caballos, vol. 1.

Livinus

(75 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [ - - -] L. Proconsul of Creta-Cyrenae under Nero Proconsul of Creta-Cyrenae under Nero; the nomen gentile of the senator has been erased for unknown reasons ([1. 200f.]; cf. [2. 200 no. 3]). Possibly, his cognomen was Livi<a>nus [cf. 3. 205f.]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 A. Chaniotis, G. Preuss, in: ZPE 80, 1990, 189-202 2 Ergon 1975 3 M. A. Welborn Baldwin, Fasti Cretae et Cyrenarum, thesis Ann Arbor 1983.

Iasdius

(112 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] L.I. Aemilianus Honoratianus Postumus Son of Frater Arvalis, 2nd cent. AD Son of I. [2]. Frater Arvalis AD 240-241. CIL VI 41225. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography Scheid, Collège 464ff. [German version] [2] L.? I. Domitianus Senator, homo novus, praetor, several magistr. Entered the Senate as homo novus. After being a praetor he commanded two legions, became curator viae Aemiliae and simultaneously praefectus alimentorum. Was praetorian governor and suffect consul between about AD 215 and 225. Subsequently, consular legate of Germania i…

Vespronius

(118 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] L. V. Candidus Sallustius Sabinus. Praetorian governor of Numidia, cos. suff. in the same province, c. AD 176. Consular governor of Tres Daciae (Daci, Dacia C) c. 183-186. Probably proconsul of Africa (Africa 3) at the end of the reign of Commodus. According to Tertullianus [2] (Ad Scapulam 4,3) he treated Christians with leniency. At the beginning of 193 he was sent by the emperor Didius [II 6] Iulianus with a senatorial legation to meet the approaching Septimius [II 7] Severus; at this event he was all…

Sutorius

(15 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] Q. Naevius Cordus S. Macro see Naevius [II 3]. Eck, Werner (Cologne)

Eppia

(32 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] Wife of a senator, who under Domitian allegedly left her husband to follow a gladiator to Egypt (Juv. 6,82-114; cf. PIR2 E 79, F 91). Eck, Werner (Cologne)

Julio-Claudian dynasty

(376 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] This term describes the first five sole rulers of Rome (including their families) after the end of the Republic and the Civil Wars: Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius [III 1], and Nero. If we begin Augustus' monarchical status with his victory at Actium ( Actium) on 2 Sept. 31 BC, the dynasty's rule lasted almost 99 years, until the suicide of Nero on 9 (?) June, AD 68. It descends from four families ( Augustus: stemma ‘The Julio-Claudian dynasty’): the familia Iulia, familia Octavia, familia Claudia and familia Domitia. But in reality the dynasty unfolded al…

Lappius

(176 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] A. Bucius L. Maximus. Senator. Legate of the legio VIII Augusta at Argentorate around AD 77/78; Proconsul of Pontus-Bithynia under Domitian [1]. Suffect consul in 86, then consular legate in Germania inferior. When Antonius Saturninus revolted against Domitian at Mainz in late 88/early 89, L. put down the rebellion with his provincial troops; L. is described on his wife's funerary inscription (CIL VI 1347 = 37049 = ILS 1006) as confector belli Germanici, indicating acceptance of the official propaganda according to which the uprising was in reality a …

Tres militiae

(276 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] A schedule of promotion for equestrians ( equites Romani ) as commanders of auxiliary units and legions developed in the Roman army from the early Imperial period. In many cases, it comprised three steps. Although Claudius [III 1] had set the sequence: praefectus cohortis - praefaectus alae - tribunus militum (Suet. Claud. 25,1), from the end of the Julio-Claudian dynasty the normal order became: praefectus cohortis (commander of a cohort of 500 men; praefectus ), - tribunus [4] militum with a legion (or a cohors civium Romanorum), and finally praefectus alae (commande…

Attia Viriola

(45 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] From a noble family, married to a senator of praetorian rank. When she was disowned by her 80-year-old father, Pliny represented her case before the centumviri (Plin. Ep. 6,33); cf. [1. 700f.]. PIR2 A 1370. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 Syme, RP 2.

Maecianus

(65 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] Avidius M., son of the usurper Avidius [1] Cassius, was iuridicus Alexandriae in AD 175; killed towards the end of the revolt by the soldiers; his mother was a Maecia ( Maecius). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography A. R. Birley, Marcus Aurelius, 21987, 192 PIR2 A 1406 R. Syme, Avidius Cassius - His Rank, Age and Quality, in: Bonner Historia-Augusta-Colloquium 1984/85, 1987, 218.

Futius

(107 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] Q. Futius Cos. suff. probably in the time of Claudius Cos. suff. probably in the time of Claudius. PIR2 F 605; Vidman, FO2 72. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] F. Longus Proconsul of Achaea Proconsul of Achaea; the period cannot be established precisely (AE 1973, 495 = 1974, 601). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [3] Q. F. Lusius Saturninus Cos. suff. probably AD 41 Cos. suff. with M. Seius Varanus, probably in July AD 41 ([1] = AE 1984, 228). At the instigation of Suillius, Claudius had him executed in 43. PIR2 L 449. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 G.…

Danacia

(19 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] D. Quartilla Aureliana Wife of the senator Aiacius (AE 1968, 518, 523). Eck, Werner (Cologne)

Vibidius Virro

(80 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] Homo novus, perhaps from Corfinium. No later than 9 BC he was a member of the Senate (Frontin. Aq. 129). Tiberius [1] made him, together with others, leave the Senate, since he had become impoverished by his way of life and no longer owned the minimum required for a Senator (Tac. Ann. 2,48,3). His daughter was Vibidia. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography R. Syme, Ten Studies in Tacitus, 1970, 76 f. T. P. Wiseman, New Men in the Roman Senate, 1971, 273.

Numicius

(243 words)

Author(s): Müller, Christian (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Name of a Roman family, which died out at the beginning of the 3rd cent. BC. Of the two Republican namesakes who held offices, N. [1] was of plebeian origin, while N. [2] must have been a patrician. Considering the questionable historicity of the latter, there were perhaps only plebeian Numicii, although this question cannot be definitively settled (on this topic [1. 20]). [German version] [1] N., T. Guarantor of the Caudinian agreement, handed over to the Samnites in 320 BC As one of the guarantors of the Caudine treaty, he was handed over to the Samnites in 320 BC (Cic. O…

Pactumeius

(358 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Giaro, Tomasz (Frankfurt/Main)
[German version] [1] Q. Aurelius P. Clemens Senator from Africa, 2nd cent. AD He was admitted to the Senate by Vespasian and Titus as a praetor and was one of the first senators from Africa. His brother is P. [3]. PIR2 P 36. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] P.P.Clemens Roman senator and lawyer Roman senator, lawyer and descendant of P. [1]. ILS 1067 from Cirta, his home town, sets out his cursus honorum ; it led him via the praetorship, a cura for the tax assessment of Syrian municipalities ( ad rationes civitatium Syriae putandas) to the praetorian governorship of Cilicia, duri…

Antius

(238 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Plebian gentile name. [German version] [1] (Ateius ?), C. Senator (middle of the 1st cent. BC) Senator 54 BC (Cic. Att. 4,17,4). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] Sp. Roman envoy 438 BC Roman envoy, killed by Fidenates in 438 BC (statue on the rostra, Cic. Phil. 9,4 f.; Livy 4,17,2). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [3] Briso, M. Tribunus plebis 137 BC Tribune in 137 BC, effective in opposing lex tabellaria of L. Cassius Longinus Ravilla (Cic. Brut. 67). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [4] Restio (?), C. Tribunus plebis probably 68 BC Tribune …

Baebius

(1,433 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Plebeian gentile name (Schulze 133; ThlL 2,1674f.). The family played an eminent role since the 2nd Punic War but did not achieve a lasting position in the top ranks of Roman nobility during the Republic. The most important family is that of the Tamp(h)ili. The Baebii produced several officials in imperial times. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] B. (Tamphilus), M. Tribunus plebis 103 BC (?), as tribune of the people, he offered resistance against the lex agraria of L.  Appuleius Saturninus in 103 BC (Vir. ill. 73,1). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 2] B. Deleg…

Gallus

(122 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[II] Widespread Roman cognomen (‘Gaul’). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [1] see Cornelius [II 18] Gallus see  Cornelius [II 18] Gallus Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] P.G. Eques, exiled AD 65 Eques, who was friendly with the praef. praet.  Faenius Rufus and the consular  Antistius [II 12] Vetus and was therefore exiled in AD 65 (PIR2 G 66). In Tacitus the name is rendered as Publius Gallus, but that is out of the question. A nomen gentile is concealed behind Publius, perhaps Publilius? Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography W. Eck, in: Splendidissima civitas.…

Naucellius

(254 words)

Author(s): Speyer, Wolfgang (Salzburg) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] From Syracuse, poet, member of Symmachus' circle of friends, 4th cent. AD A poet with a knowledge of Greek and Latin literature, author and Roman senator from Syracuse, who (from about 310 AD until after 400), with Ausonius, was a member of the rhetor  Q. Aurelius Symmachus' circle of friends. Like them, N. believed that for the continuation of traditional culture it was sufficient to continue the tradition of the classical heritage. He avoided any confrontation with  Christianity. In his …

Latinius

(306 words)

Author(s): Müller, Christian (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Roman family name (Etruscan Latini), a derivation from the ethnicon Latinus. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] L., T. According to the legend, Jupiter told L. during the Latin War to instruct the consuls to have the Ludi Romani repeated According to Livy (2,36,2-8), who sets the legend that was originally probably not fixed in time in 491 BC, Jupiter told L. in a dream during the Latin War that he should instruct the consuls to have the ludi Romani ( ludi ) repeated; L. finally obeyed these instructions after initially ignoring them twice and…

Agrippina

(507 words)

Author(s): Kienast, Dietmar (Neu-Esting) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] Vipsania, married to Tiberius from 16-12 BC Vipsania, daughter of M. Vipsanius Agrippa with Caecilia Attica (Nep. Att. 19,4). Born c. 33 BC, married to Tiberius from 16-12 (Suet. Tib. 7,2 f.), whom she bore Drusus Caesar in 15 (Drusus the Younger). Married C. Asinius Gallus after her divorce from Tiberius (Tac. Ann. 1,12; stemma RE 9 A 1232). Died in AD 20 (Tac. Ann. 3,19,3). Kienast, Dietmar (Neu-Esting) Bibliography Raepsat-Charlier 1, no. 811. [German version] [2] Vipsania (A. maior), wife of Germanicus Vipsania (A. maior), daughter of M. Vipsanius Agrip…

Vitellia

(172 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Uggeri, Giovanni (Florence)
[German version] [1] Daughter of the emperor Vitellius [II 2], 1st cent. AD Daughter of the emperor Vitellius [II 2] who married her to Valerius [II 2] Asiaticus, governor of the province of Belgica in the year AD 69 (Tac. Hist. 1,59,2). After the death of her father, she was spared  by Vespasian and married to a person of high social status. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography Raepsaet-Charlier 640, no. 817. [German version] [2] Township in Latium Township in Latium, assumed to be at modern Civitella, first literary mention in connection with the events around Coriola…

Arruntia

(60 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] Vestalin (1st half 1st cent. BC) Vestal in 69 BC at the latest. (Macrob. Sat. 3.13.11). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] A. Arria Camilla (2nd half 1st cent. AD) Probably the daughter of L. Arruntius [II 8] Camillus Scribonianus; must have lived into the Trajanic era (Raepsaet-Charlier, no. 103; PIR2 A 1152). Eck, Werner (Cologne)

Galerius

(1,279 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Bleckmann, Bruno (Strasbourg)
[German version] [1] C. G. Eques, Rom. official, praefectus Aegypti probably AD 16-31 Eques, who probably came from Ariminum. Of his public offices only the praefectus Aegypti is known, which he held for 16 years, probably AD 16-31. [1; 2]; P. Oxy 3807. Died returning from Egypt. Married to Helvia, Seneca's aunt. PIR2 G 25. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 G. Bastianini, in: ZPE 17, 1975, 270 2 I. Cazzaniga, in: Analecta Papyrologica 4, 1992, 5ff. [German version] [2] M. G. Aurelius Antoninus Son of the later emperor Antoninus Pius, died before AD 138 Son of the later emperor …

Sporus

(279 words)

Author(s): Folkerts, Menso (Munich) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] Mathematician, c. AD 200 (Σπόρος; Spóros) or Porus (Πόρος; Póros). It is unclear whether the two individuals of this name living around AD 200 are in fact the same person (v. [5]). S. or Porus wrote a (lost) compilation, Κηρία ( Keria), with extracts on the quadrature of the circle and the duplication of the cube [4. 226]. He criticized Archimedes' [1] approximation of the number pi (thus [1. 258,22]), provided his own solution to the problem of the duplication of the cube [1. 76-78; 4. 266-268] and rejected the Quadratrix of Hippias [5] of …

Plautia

(271 words)

Author(s): Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] P. Urgulanilla First wife of the future emperor Claudius (9-24 AD) Daughter of M. Plautius [II 12] Silvanus, first wife of the future emperor Claudius [III 1] (wedding between AD 9 and 10); divorced, probably in 24, on grounds of debauchery and suspicion of murder (aiding in eliminating of Apronia [1], the wife of Plautius' brother) (Tac. Ann. 4,22; on the date Suet. Claud. 26,2; 27,1; [1. 430; 2. 24f.]). The marriage produced two children: Claudia [II 1] Iulia and Claudius [II 23] Drusus (Suet. Claud. 27,1; [3. 135]). Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) Bibliography 1 R…

Flavia

(495 words)

Author(s): Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] F. Domitilla Wife of Vespasian Daughter of Flavius Liberalis of Ferentum in Etruria [2. 210, 1447]. First mistress of the eques Statilius Capella; she later married  Vespasianus. The sons Titus, Domitian and a daughter Flavia [2] were born of the marriage ([Aur.Vict.] Epit. Caes. 10,1; 11,1). Initially subject only to Latin law, she later received Roman citizenship when her father became adsertor. She died before Vespasian came to power on 1 July AD 69 (Suet. Vesp. 3) and was not deified. A sesterce minting from 80/1 commemorates her: R…

Gargilius

(460 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Christmann, Eckhard (Heidelberg)
[German version] [1] Q. Coredius Gallus G. Antiquus Cos. suff. late in AD 119 His father was perhaps G. Antiquus (AE 1954, 63). Praetorian governor of the Province of Arabia, c. AD 116-118/9; cos. suff. late in 119; proconsul Asiae probably in 134/5 [1; 2. 148ff., 176]. If he is identical with M. Paccius Silvanus Q. Coredius Gallus G. Antiquus ([3. 260ff.] = AE 1991, 1576), he was either consular governor of Iudaea or of Syria. Cf. also [4]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 W. Eck, in: Chiron 12, 1982, 361 2 Id., in: Chiron 13, 1983 3 D. Gera, H. Cotton, in: IEJ 41, 1991 4 E. Dąbrowa, in…

Apponius

(351 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] Q., Roman officer (46 BC) Q., officer (military tribune ?) of Pompey in Spain in 46 BC. (Dio 43,29,3) [1]. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] Cn. (middle of the 1st cent. BC) Cn., accuser of M.  Saufeius 52 BC (Ascon. 55C). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Nicolet 2, 779-781. [German version] [3] Died 43 BC Proscribed and murdered in 43 BC (App. B Civ. 4,26). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [4] Died 68 AD Delator of unknown social rank, lynched by the people in Rome after Nero's death (Plut. Galba 8,7). Eck, Werner (Cologne) …

Neratius

(839 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Giaro, Tomasz (Frankfurt/Main)
The senatorial family came from Saepinum, where a large number of their inscriptions and buildings have been recovered. It entered the Senate no later than under Emperor Nero; its last members are attested in the 4th cent. [German version] [1] L.N.Marcellus Consul ord. II. AD 129 Senator. His natural father was probably N. [4], and his brother was N. [6]. N. was adopted by M. Hirrius Fronto Neratius [2] Pansa, together with whom he was admitted into the ranks of the patricians by Vespasian in AD  73/4. Until the consulate, he had a career without many offices; in 95, he became cos. suff. as a fo…

Vitellius

(1,946 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Roman nomen gentile, in the form Vitellia also a place name, diminutive of Vitulus (thus [1]). The information on the early history of the family in Suet. Vit. 1,1-3 is fictitious. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] The name is first recorded in the late Republican period. Therefore, the Vitellii fratres, who wanted to topple the young Republic with the Aquilii fratres (Aquillius [I 1]) in 509 BC according to annalistic tradition (Liv. 2,4,1-3; Plut. Publicola 3,4), are fictitious; likewise fictitious is the wife of the founder of the Republic L.…

Considius

(531 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Italian proper name (Schulze, 158, 456; ThlL, Onom. 2, 566f.) attested from 1st cent. BC, so C. [I 1] below is probably unhistorical. I. Republic [German version] [I 1] C., Q. People's tribune 476 BC People's tribune 476 BC. A later tradition that he proposed an agrarian law with his colleague T. Genucius and initiated a process against the consul of 477, T. Menenius, for not helping the Fabii at the Cremera (Liv. 2,52; Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 9,27,2) is of doubtful authenticity. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 2] C., Q. Rich senator, 1st half of the 1st cent. BC In 74 BC was judg…

Cassia

(219 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Berger, Albrecht (Berlin)
[German version] [1] C. Mother of Avidius Cassius Wife of Avidius Heliodorus, mother of Avidius Cassius [1. 217]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] C. Marciana Wife of senator Wife of a senator, relative of Cassius Apronianus (I. Eph. 3, 710B; Raepsaet-Charlier no. 197). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [3] C. Paterna Wife of Iulius [II 18] Asper Wife of Iulius Asper, cos. II AD 212 (PIR2 C 529). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 Syme, SHA-Coll., 1987. [German version] [4] C. Byzantine poet and abbess, died c. AD 800/805 (also Cassiane and Eicasia). Byzantine poet a…

Caesonius

(293 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Roman family name, documented from the 1st cent. BC (Schulze 136f.; ThlL, Onom. 54f.). I. Republican Age [German version] [I 1] C., M. Official, 1st cent. AD In 74 BC, judge in the first trial of A. Cluentius Habitus, judge in the  Verres trial in 70 BC; in 69 BC, curule aedile together with Cicero (Cic. Verr. 1,29; MRR 2,132). Possibly praetor in 66 BC, because he was regarded as a candidate for the consulship of 63 BC (Cic. Att. 1,1,1); probably identical with the C. mentioned by Cicero (Att. 12,11). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) II. Imperial Age [German version] [II 1] L.C. Lucillus Macer R…

Iuncus

(83 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Widespread Roman cognomen and family name (‘rush’) [1. 729; 2. 334]. [German version] [1] I., M. Praetor 76 BC Praetor in 76 BC see  Iunius [I 22] I., M. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Walde/Hofmann 1 2 Kajanto, Cognomina. [German version] [2] I. Vergilianus Senator, one of the circle of Messalina and Silius Senator, who was one of the circle of Messalina and Silius and knew of their marriage; executed in AD 48. His name was perhaps Iunius I. Vergilianus, PIR2 J 712. Eck, Werner (Cologne)

Claudia

(907 words)

Author(s): Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] A daughter of Ap. Claudius Caecus, 3rd cent. BC A daughter of Ap. Claudius Caecus. Her wish, which she loudly expressed in a crowd, that her brother P. Claudius Pulcher ( cos. 249 BC) should live and lose another battle at sea so that the mob would be decreased, was heavily fined (Ateius Capito in Gell. NA 10,6; Liv. per. 19; Suet. Tib. 2,3). Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) Bibliography R. A. Bauman, Women and Politics in Ancient Rome, 1992, 19-20. [German version] [I 2] Daughter of Ap. Claudius Pulcher, wife of Ti. Gracchus Daughter of Ap. Claudius Pul…

Albinius

(163 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Plebeian gentilicium. [German version] [1] see Albanius A. see  Albanius, C. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] L. (1st half 4th cent BC) A., L., at the invasion of the Gauls in 387 BC brought the Vestals safely to Caere (Liv. 5,40,9). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [3] M. (L. ?) consular tribune 379 BC. A., M. (L. ?) consular tribune 379 BC. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [4] Paterculus, L., tribune of the people 494 and 493 BC A. Paterculus, L., one of the first tribunes of the people 494 and 493 BC. He is not named in all sou…

Appius

(457 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Rare Latin family name (cf. [1]) and Latin praenomen (abbreviated Ap., in the Imperial period also App.), whose ancient derivation from Sabinian (Lib. praen. 6) is not undisputed; mainly documented for the patrician families of the Claudii Pulchri, rarer among the Claudii Nerones, etc. First documented name-bearer was Ap. Claudius Sabinus Inregillensis (Attus Clausus), the founder of the gens Claudia in Rome about 500 BC (Liv. 2,16,4). Because of its almost exclusive occurrence among the gens Cl…

Ennius

(2,729 words)

Author(s): Suerbaum, Werner (Munich) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] E., Q. Latin writer of the pre-classical period Latin writer of the pre-classical period. E. (239-169 BC) is the most important and versatile Latin writer (Fronto p. 134,1 H.2) of the pre-classical period. Although ‘a foreigner in Rome’ [21] (sociologically a dependent poet, poeta cliens [33]) and representative of Hellenistic education, he contributed to shaping the Roman national consciousness through sentences such as moribus antiquis res stat Romana virisque (Ann. 500 V.; see Cic. Rep. 5,1). Suerbaum, Werner (Munich) [German version] A. Life Most of the …

Paccius

(264 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Touwaide, Alain (Madrid)
[German version] [1] C.P. Africanus Senator Senator. In probably 67 he became a suffect consul. In 70 he was expelled from the Senate for being found guilty of informing on the Scribonii brothers under Nero [1] (Tac. Hist. 4,41,3). But he must have been readmitted soon after, because in 77/8 he served as proconsul of Africa; there are numerous testimonies to his activities there. PIR2 P 14. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography Thomasson, Fasti Africani, 44. [German version] [2] P. Antiochus Pharmacologist in Rome, 1st cent. Pharmacologist, active in Rome, who had great therapeutic…

Cocceius

(616 words)

Author(s): Kienast, Dietmar (Neu-Esting) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] C. Auctus, L. Architect, late 1st cent. BC Freedman of C. Postumius (Pollio). Architect (CIL X 1614), who constructed the road tunnels between Lake Avernus and Cumae and between Puteoli and Naples for M. Vipsanius  Agrippa [1] (Str. 5,5,245). Kienast, Dietmar (Neu-Esting) Bibliography H. Benario, C. and Cumae, in: CB 35, 1959, 40-41 D. Kienast, Augustus, 1982, 347 fn. 148, 348 fn. 153. [German version] [2] C.C. Balbus Cos. suff. 39 BC Cos. suff. in 39 BC (InscrIt 13,1, p. 282; 291; 278; 135; 506; MRR 2, 386). As a supporter of M.  Antonius he was …

Murena

(128 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Roman third name or nickname (‘Moray’) in the Licinii family (Licinius [I 32-35]) which passed by adoption from there to A. Terentius Varro M. and his son of the same name ( cos. 23 BC). It was adopted by more families in the Imperial era. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [1] People's tribune in 97 AD The tribunus plebis, who in AD 97 made the right of speech possible for Fabricius [II 2] Veiento in a dispute in the Senate (Plin. Ep. 9,13,19); probably he and Q. Roscius Coelius Murena ... Pompeius Falco are one and the same person. PIR2 M 746. It is, however, surprising why Pli…

Lysanias

(197 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Baumbach, Manuel (Zürich)
(Λυσανίας; Lysanías). [German version] [1] Tetrarch of Abilene, 1st half of the 1st cent. AD Tetrarch of Abilene who was introduced by the evangelist Luke (Lc 3:1) for the purpose of synchronization, in the 15th year of the emperor Tiberius = October 27 - September AD 28. He must have died before 37, since Caligula gave his territory to Herodes [8] Agrippa I at that time. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography L. Boffo, Iscrizioni Greche e Latine per lo studio della Bibbia, 1994, 171ff. PIR2 L 467. [German version] [2] Greek Grammarian, 3rd cent. BC Greek grammarian from Cyrene who lived in …

Papius

(506 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Italic family name, most common among the Samnites, also encountered as an Oscan praenomen. The author of the lex Papia Poppaea in AD 9 was P. [II 1]. I. Republican Period [German version] [I 1] P. People's tribune c. 80 BC People's tribune, probably before 80 BC and therefore not identical with P. [I 2]; author of a lex Papia, stipulating the supplementation of the number of Vestal virgins by means of election by lot (Gell. NA 1,12,10-12). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 2] P., C. People's tribune in 65 BC, author of a lex Papia People's tribune in 65 BC, author of a lex Papia

Pedanius

(1,688 words)

Author(s): Touwaide, Alain (Madrid) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] Pedanius Dioscorides Author on medicines, 1st cent. AD (Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης; Pedánios Dioskourídēs). [German version] I. Life The author of the treatise Περὶ ὕλης ἰατρικῆς/ Perì hýlēs iatrikês ( De materia medica, 'On Materia Medica') hailed from Anazarbus (Cilicia) and dates to the 1st. cent. AD: in his preface (§ 4), he refers to a certain Laikanios Bassos, whom he describes as krátistos (‘the highest’), now assumed to be C. Laecanius Bassus, senator and consul of AD 64. Pliny makes no reference to this work in his Naturalis historia (completed in AD 77 acc…

Lucceius

(615 words)

Author(s): Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Italian family name, expanded from Lucius. Many bearers of the name are known [1. 359; 426], among them also prominent figures from the 1st cent. BC onwards. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] L., Cn. Visited M. Iunius [I 10] Brutus often in Puteoli 44 BC Visited M. Iunius [I 10] Brutus often in Puteoli during the summer of 44 BC (Cic. Att. 16,5,3); probably came from an aristocratic family in Cumae (CIL X 3685-3690). Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) [German version] [I 2] L., L. Senator with business interests, intimate of Pompey Senator with business interests in Italy and Cilicia (Cic…

Iavolenus

(302 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Giaro, Tomasz (Frankfurt/Main)
[German version] [1] C.I. Calvinus Geminius Kapito Cornelius Pollio Squilla Q. Vulkacius Scuppidius Verus Senator under Hadrian and Antoninus Pius, cos. suff. Senator, who had a prolonged praetorian career under Hadrian and Antoninus Pius, ending as governor in Lusitania, proconsul in Baetica and consul suffectus. ILS 1060; PIR2 J 13. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] C. Octavius Tidius Tossianus L.I. Priscus Roman jurist, 2nd cent. AD Jurist, successor of Caelius Sabinus ( Arulenus [1]) and predecessor of  Fulvius [II 2] Aburnius Valens as head of th…

Cos(s)inius

(244 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Italic proper name, attested with and without doubling of the s (Schulze, 159; ThlL, Onom. 2.667f.). I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] C., L. Praetor 73 BC, fell in battle against Spartacus Praetor (?) in 73 BC, fell in battle against Spartacus (Sall. Hist. 3,94; Plut. Crassus 9,4f.). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography F. Ryan, The Praetorship of Varinius, Cossinius and Glaber, in: Klio 78, 1996, 376. [German version] [I 2] C., L. Dialogue partner in Varro and Cicero Speaks as dialogue partner in Varro (Rust. 2) on cattle breeding, probably identical to a…

Demostratus

(143 words)

Author(s): Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
(Δημόστρατος; Dēmóstratos). [German version] [1] Athenian, demagogue, 415 BC Athenian, deme uncertain, from the clan of the  Buzygae (Aristoph. Lys. 397 with schol.; Aristid. 3,51). ‘Demagogue’ (Plut. Nic. 12,6) who in 415 BC proposed that the strategoi of the Sicilian expedition be given full powers as   autokrátores (Plut. Alc. 18,3; Aristoph. Lys. 391; unnamed in Thuc. 6,25,1) and also that Zacynthian hoplites be recruited (Aristoph. Lys. 393 with schol.). Kinzl, Konrad (Peterborough) Bibliography Traill, PAA 319245; Develin, 149; Davies, 3276(B)(4). [German version] [2] D.…

Velius

(546 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Rüpke, Jörg (Erfurt)
[German version] [1] V. Cerialis Amicus of Pliny the Younger (Plin. Ep. 4,21). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] D. V. Fidus Senatorial cos. suff. in November/December AD 148, together with M. Calpurnius [II 16] Longus (AE 1996, 1384 = [1]); governor of the province of Syria Palaestina in 150 (PSI IX 1026 = [2]). Member of the Pontifices in 155 (CIL VI 2120). IGLS VI 2777 is probably his burial inscription [3]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 J. D'Arms, Memory, Money, and Status at Misenum: Three New Inscriptions from the Collegium of the Augustales, in: JRS 90, 2000, 126-144 2…

Cura

(1,298 words)

Author(s): Bloch, René (Berne) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] Personification of worry Personification of worry (ThlL, Onom. 2,753). In Horace's first Roman Ode, C. is a black, ghostly companion of man (Hor. Carm. 3,1,40: post equitem sedet atra C.). Aeneas encounters the ‘avenging worries’ ( ultrices Curae) at the gate of Hades (Verg. Aen. 6,274 and Serv. Aen. on this passage). According to Hyginus Fab. 220, C. formed man from a piece of earth. Saturn determines that man belongs to C. in life and to Jupiter after death. The fable is of Greek origin [1]. In all probability, evidence for C. exists on a poculum deorum (CIL I2 442: Coira p…

Catius

(369 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Plebeian surname (ThlL, Onom. 264f.). I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] C., Q. Aedile, 210 BC In 210 BC plebeian aedile, in 207 legate of the consul C. Claudius Nero. In 205 envoy to Delphi to deliver the booty resulting from the defeat of Hasdrubal (Liv. 28,45,12). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 2] C. Vestinus, C. Military tribune under Antonius, 1st cent. BC Military tribune under Antonius 43 BC at Mutina, was taken prisoner by Plancus (Cic. Fam. 10,23,5). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) II. Imperial period [German version] [II 1] C. see  Caesius [II 4]. Eck, Wer…

Cominius

(462 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] I. Republican period Italic family name (ThlL, Onom. 2, 543); from the 2nd cent. BC its bearers belonged to the Roman equestrian class, and during the imperial period occasionally acceded to the Senate. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 1] C., P. Roman eques from Spoletium, 1st half of the 1st cent. BC Roman knight from Spoletium, and an acquaintance of Cicero; in 74 BC with his brother C.C. unsuccessfully accused L. Aelius Staienus (Cic. Clu. 100), and in 66 and 65 the people's tribune C. Cornelius [I 2], defended by Cicero, for maiestas (Ascon. 59-62C; Ci…

Vatinius

(772 words)

Author(s): Bartels, Jens (Bonn) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] V., P. Ancestor of V. [I 2] from Reate, who was told of a victory over Perseus [2] in a dream in 168 BC (Cic. Nat. D. 2,6; 3,13; Val. Max. 1,8,1). Bartels, Jens (Bonn) [German version] [I 2] V., P. Born c. 95 BC, d. after 42 BC. Presumably from Reate (Cic. Nat. D. 2,6 on V. [I 1]), V. achieved a political rise in Rome under the patronage of the Iulii Caesares: since he was married (schol. Bobiensia 149 St.) to Antonia, a niece of L. Iulius [I 6] Caesar, the latter as consul in 64 may have sponsored…

Vedius

(676 words)

Author(s): Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Italian gens name, recorded from the 1st cent. BC onwards. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] V., P. Friend of Cn. Pompeius [I 3], provoked mockery by Cicero (Cic. Att. 6,1,25) in March of 50 BC for his travelling in an ostentatious style and his collecting miniature portraits of married women. Possibly identical to V. [II 4]. Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) II.Imperial period [German version] [II 1] P. V. Antoninus Citizen of Ephesus of equestrian rank. Praefectus cohortis and tribunus militum Legionis I Italicae (IEph III 726; 726a). In Ephesus itself he was a prýtanis, and a grammateú…

Lucillianus

(230 words)

Author(s): Portmann, Werner (Berlin) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] Father-in-law and military commander of the emperor Iovianus, 4th cent. AD Father-in-law of the emperor Iovianus (Amm. Marc. 25,8,9). In AD 350 L., probably as comes rei militaris, was successful against the Persians in the third siege of Nisibis (Zos. 2,45,2; 3,8,2). In 354 he was comes domesticorum of Constantius [5] Gallus (Amm. Marc. 14,11,14). In 361, as magister equitum, he unsuccessfully fought back Iulianus' advance [11] to Constantinople in Illyria (Amm. Marc. 21,9,5-10). Iovianus elevated him to the rank of magister equitum et peditum in 363 (Amm. Ma…

Paconius

(300 words)

Author(s): Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Name of an Italian gens, attested in Setia (consequently Oscan? ILS 6130) and several trading towns. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] (P.) Lepta, Q. Friend of Cicero and his praefectus fabrum in Cilicia, 51-50 BC Friend of Cicero and his praefectus [7] fabrum in Cilicia 51-50 BC (Cic. Fam. 3,7,4; 5,20,4 et passim). Cic. Fam. 9,13,1-3 points to Cales in Campania as his homeland, where ILS 5779 must attest himself or a son (on the identity [1. 6]). P. often appears in Cicero's letters (e.g. as addressee of Fam. 6,18-19), for the last time in November 44 (Att. 16,15,3). Fündling, Jörg …

Vestinus

(191 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Matthaios, Stephanos (Cologne)
[German version] [1] Perhaps a descendant of V. [2], mentioned in Statius According to Statius [II 2] (Silv. 4,6,94) V. died at an early age and rivalled his forbears. Probably of noble origin, perhaps a descendant of V. [2]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] M. V. Atticus See M. Iulius [II 147] V. Atticus. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [3] L. Iulius V. Greek lexicographer, first half of the 2nd cent. Greek lexicographer, first half of the 2nd cent. AD, Superintendent of the Mouseion in Alexandria, procurator of the Roman and Greek libraries and …

Fannia

(143 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] In 88 BC, F. hid the ostracized C. Marius in her house in Minturnae In 88 BC, F. hid the ostracized C. Marius in her house in Minturnae, after he had helped her to win back her dowry in a divorce case in 100 BC against C. Titinius (Val. Max. 8,2,3; Plut. Marius 38,3-9). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] Daughter of Clodius [II 15] Full name perhaps Clodia F. Daughter of the senator and Stoic Clodius [II 15] Thrasea Paetus and of Arria [2]. Wife of Helvidius Priscus, whom she accompanied into exile under Nero and Vespasian. He…

Plancius

(420 words)

Author(s): Bartels, Jens (Bonn) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
A rare Roman family name, probably derived from Plancus. We know of Plancii from Atina (P. [1-2]) in the 1st cent. BC, and of Plancii from Perge in the 1st -2nd cents. AD. [German version] [1] P., Cn. Tax farmer, 1st cent. BC Of an old equestrian family from Atina (Cic. Planc. 32; cf. CIL X 5075; 5119). He served under Licinius [I 15] Crassus in Spain, probably in 96-93 BC. Thereafter active as a tax farmer ( P ublicani ). In 61-59 BC he distinguished himself as the spokesman for the tax farmers of Asia in a dispute about an inheritance concerning tax…

Lucius [II]

(235 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
(Old Latin Loucios, Greek Λεύκιος/ Leúkios or Λούκιος/ Loúkios, abbreviation L., in the east of the empire also Lu.). Roman praenomen. Etymologically related to lux (‘light’) [4. 823], according to ancient derivation ‘the one born at first daylight’ (Varro, Ling. 5,60; Fest. 106; Liber de praenominibus 5). A late invention is the derivation of L. as ‘descendant of the Etruscan Lucumones’ (Liber de praen. op.cit.) to explain the first name of the Roman king L. Tarquinius Priscus, who was originally called Lucumo. L. i…

Larcius

(890 words)

Author(s): Müller, Christian (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Name of a patrician gens, of Etruscan origin, which brought forth two figures of significance in the early Republican period. Only in the 1st cent. BC does evidence appear for further bearers of the name. I. Republican era [German version] [I 1] L. (Flavus or Rufus ?), T. Consul in 501 and 498 BC, first dictator of Rome Consul in 501 and 498 BC (InscrIt 13,1,88; 350-53). The written record, up to Festus (216 L.), names L. as the first dictator of Rome (MRR I 9f.; 11f.), but it is divided on whether L. occupied the office during his 1st (Liv. 2,18,4-7 …

Volusenus

(291 words)

Author(s): Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
[German version] [1] V. Quadratus, C. From Sestinum (? cf. [1]), military tribune of Caesar in Gaul, primarily for 'commando raids', put to the test in the assault on Octodurus in 56 BC, as a scout before the landing in Britain in 55 and in the relief of Q. Tullius [I 11] Cicero in 53 (Caes. B Gall. 3,5,2; 4,21; 6,41,2 - the identity of this C. V. with Quadratus is widely accepted: MRR 3, 71). A mission by V., now praefect, to murder Commius in 52 failed; a second encounter of the enemies in 51 ended …

Annaeus

(333 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Name of a tribe probably of Sabine origin [1]. In public life of the Republican era, name-bearers appeared first in the 1st cent. BC. The name became known especially in the 1st cent. AD through the epic poet M. A.   Lucanus and through the rhetorician L. A.  Seneca and his son by the same name, the philosopher and politician; see also Cornutus I. Republican era [German version] [I 1] Brocchus, C., senator 73 BC Brocchus, C., senator 73 BC (probably aedilicius), under Verres in Sicily ([2] Cic. Verr. 2,3,93 and passim; MRR 2, 115). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Syme, RP 2, 587-…

Macrinius

(384 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Franke, Thomas (Bochum)
[German version] [1] M. M. Avitus Catonius Vindex Cos. suff. c. AD 175 Son of M. [4]. Began his career as an equestrian with the quattuor militiae, receiving the dona militaria from Marcus [2] Aurelius in AD 169. Procurator of Dacia Malvensis. Entered the Senate, legate of Moesia superior, perhaps as praetorian; suffect consul probably in 175; consular governor of Moesia inferior before the year 177. Died at the age of 42, probably during his governorship of Moesia inferior (CIL VI 1449 = ILS 1107). PIR2 M 22. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] C. M. Decianus Governor of Numidia…

Pullius

(110 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Name of a Roman gens, frequently recorded in the Republican Period. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [1] Cn. P. Pollio Senator from Forum Clodii, praetor ad aerarium under Augustus Senator from Forum Clodii in Etruria. Having been a people's tribune he became praetor ad aerarium, an office which was created in 23 BC. He later became proconsul in Gallia Narbonensis, legatus Augusti or comes Augusti in Gallia Comata and afterwards in Aquitania, probably between 16 and 13 BC, when Augustus set up the new provincial organisation there. He died during a trip as legatus to Athens…

Carminius

(326 words)

Author(s): Eck, Werner (Cologne) | Schmidt, Peter L. (Constance)
[German version] [1] (M. Ulpius) C. Athenagoras Official, 2nd cent. AD Proconsul of Lycia-Pamphylia, cos. suff. possibly under Commodus [1. 151]. The family came from Attuda (for his relatives: EOS 2, 633). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [1a] C. C. Gallus Suffect consul AD 120 Suffect consul AD 120 [1]. Probably to be identified with the proconsular legate of the same name. PIR2 A 1065. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 W. Eck, P. Weiß, Hadrianische Suffektconsuln: Neue Zeugnisse aus Militärdiplomen, in: Chiron 32, 2002 (in print). [German version] [2] L.C. Lusitan…

Calvisius

(639 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Roman family name, whose bearers appear in public life from 1st cent. BC (ThlL, Onom. 108f.). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [1] C. Brought charges against Agrippina, 1st cent. AD Client of Iunia Silana, exiled after bringing charges against Agrippina in AD 55. He was recalled after her death (Tac. Ann. 13,19,3; 21,2; 22,2; 14,12,4; PIR2 C 343). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] C. Ruso, P. Consul suff. 53 AD Cos. suff. in AD 53 [1. 43; 72]; father of C. [3] and [4]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [3] C. Ruso, P. Consul suff. 79 AD Cos. suff. in AD 79, procos. A…

Antinous

(326 words)

Author(s): Graf, Fritz (Columbus, OH) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
(Ἀντίνοος; Antínoos). [German version] [1] Most unrestrained of the suitor From Ithaca, son of Eupeithes, the most unrestrained of the suitors. He perpetrated numerous futile attacks on Telemachus (Hom. Od. 4,660-73; 16,364-92), threw the stool at Odysseus transformed into a beggar (17,462-5) and brought about the competition with Irus (18,434-39). Odysseus' first arrow hit him (22,8) [1]. Graf, Fritz (Columbus, OH) Bibliography 1 O. Touchefeu-Meynier, LIMC 6.1, 632, no. 3. [German version] [2] Favourite of Hadrian Born in Bithynion-Claudioupolis in the province of Bi…

Bruttius

(492 words)

Author(s): Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) | Eck, Werner (Cologne)
Italian family name, connected to Bruttium, Greek Βρύττιος ( Brýttios), varied also as Brittius, Brettius, and similar. Very common in southern Italy ([1]; ThlL 2,2214). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) I. Republic [German version] [I 1] B. Sura, Q.  Braetius Eck, Werner (Cologne) II. Imperial Age [German version] [II 1] B. Crispinus, L. Consul ord. 224 AD Son of B. [II 8], cos. ord. AD 224 [1. no. 969]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 G. Barbieri, L'albo senatorio da Settimio Severo a Carino (193-285), 1952. [German version] [II 2] B. Maximus, L. Procos. Cypri in AD 80 procos. Cypri i…
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