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[German version] (Παμβοτάδαι/ Pambotádai). Attic Paralia (?) deme of the phyle of Erechtheis, from 127/8 AD of the phyle of Hadrianis. Before 307/6 BC, P. took it in turn with Sybridae to provide one bouleutḗs and after 224/3 BC two bouleutaí. Location unknown. Rock inscriptions in the upper Vari valley at Thiti cannot be read as ὅρ(ος) Π(α)μ(βοτάδων)/ hór(os) P(a)m(botádōn) [1; 2. 118]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 H. Lohmann, Atene, 1993, 58 2 J.S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 118, 126. Traill, Attica, 6, 14f., 38, 59, 62, 69, 100f., 111 nr. 102, table 1, 15.

[German version] (Στειριά/ Steiriá, Στειρία/ Steiría, Στιρία/ Stiría, Στηριά/ Stēriá). Attic Paralia deme of the Pandionis phyle, three (four) bouleutaí, on the eastern coast of Attica between Prasiae and Brauron on the bay of Porto Raphti (Str. 9,1,22; modern Limen Mesogeias) to the north of the Punta peninsula [1. 68-70]. The Steiriakḗ hodós ('S. Road') connected S. with Athens (Pl. Hipparch. 229a). Steirians took part in the colonisation of Euboea [1] (Str. 10,1,6). The Phegaeans in IG II2 2362 probably formed a kṓmē ('rural community') of S. [2. 55, 57…

[German version] (Ἀγκυλή; Ankylḗ). Attic   asty deme (Upper and Lower A.) of the phyle  Aigeis, later of  Antigonis with two (1/1) bouleutai, located in the east or south-east of Athens (Alci. 3,43: ‘Proasteion’). A. bordered on  Agryle either in the north [1. 170] or south (IG II2 2776 Z. 57-59 [2. 70]). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 W. Judeich, Top. von Athen, 21931 2 S. G. Miller, A Roman Monument in the Athenian Agora, in: Hesperia 41, 1972,50-95. Traill, Attica, 7, 29, 39, 68, 69, 109 f. (no. 14, 15), 126 f. table 3, 11 Id., Demos and Trittys, 1986, 127.

[German version] (Λακιάδαι; Lakiádai). Attic deme, gave its name to the asty trittys of the phyle Oeneis (IG I3 1120), with two (three) bouleutaí; originally the name of an Attic family. Steph. Byz. s.v. Λ. transmits Λακιά as a place name, with the demoticon Λακιεύς. Its location on the Sacred Road east of the Cephis(s)us [2] is confirmed by Paus. 1,37,2, who (ibid.) attests a temenos of the eponymous hero Lacius, the grave of the kithara player Nicocles of Tarentum, an altar to Zephyrus and a sanctuary to Demeter, Kore, Athena and Poseidon. The sacred fig tr…

[German version] (Μυρρινοῦς/ Murrhinoûs). Attic paralia deme of the phyle of Pandionis, six (eight) bouleutaí, near modern Merenda. Significant archaeological finds [1; 2; 4]; an incomplete ancient fortification on the Merenda [3]. Two decrees on demes from Myrrhinus (IG II2 1182, 1183) are significant for research on the internal organization of dḗmoi. Apart from a theatre (IG II2 1182, Z. 2-4), they attest to cults of Zeus (IG II2 1183, Z. 32-36), Artemis Colaenis (IG II2 1182 ,Z. 19-21; Paus. 1,31,4; schol. Aristoph. Av. 873) and rural Dionysia (IG II2 1183, l. 36-37). Aristion [2] Loh…

[German version] (Βατή; Batḗ). Attic asty(?)-demos (  asty ) of the phyle Aegeis; one (two) bouleutes/ai. Location unknown (near Ambelokipi?); the decree of the mesogeioi IG II2 1245, found near the Acharnaean Gate, i.e. at the street corner of Sophokleous and Aiolou, does not aid the localization of B. In IG II2 2776 Z. 53, an σχαστηρία is pawned in B. [1. 81] (further documentary evidence for σχαστηρίαι [1. 8123]). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 S. G. Miller, A Roman Monument in the Athenian Agora, in: Hesperia, 41, 1972, 50-95. Traill, Attica, 5, 7, 15f., 39, 69, 109 (n…

[German version] (Ἀραφήν; Araphḗn). Attic   paralia deme of the  Aigeis phyle (IG II2 1747; two bouleutai), on the east coast west of Raphina, which has retained the name. Ancient remains (cf. [1. 39]) built over by modern development. A fortified proto-urban centre in Askitario (early Helladic II) [2; 3]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 A. Milchhoefer, explanatory text, in: E. Curtius, J. A. Kaupert (ed.), Karten von Attika 3-6, 1889 2 D. Theocharis, Ανασκαφη εν Αραφηι, in: Praktika 1951, 77-92; 1952, 129-151; 1953, 105-118; 1954,104-113; 1955, 109-117 3 Id., Ασκητα…

[German version] (Εἰρεσίδαι; Eiresídai). Attic asty deme of the phyle Acamantis. One (or two)  bouleut(ai). A plot of land owned by Plato in E. bordered on the river Cephissus to the west (Diog. Laert. 3,41), which probably formed the boundary of the demos. Therefore, E. was probably located west of the Colonus Hippios and north-west of the Platonic Academy (an epitaph from the 4th cent. BC of two dēmótai from E. was found in the north-west [1. 8 fig. 8]) between the Hodos Kephissou and the Leophoros Athenon. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 P. D. Stavropullos, Ἀνασκαφαὶ Ἀρχαίας Ἀ…

[German version] (Πρόσπαλτα/ Próspalta). Attic mesogeia deme, phyle Akamantis, from 224/3 BC Ptolemaïs, with five bouleutaí, located at Enneapyrgi northwest of Kalivia Kuvaras, the site where several funerary inscriptions of Prospáltioi were found (IG II2 7306; 7311; [2. 129, 1292]). Pausanias mentions a sanctuary of Demeter and Kore at P. (Paus. 1,31,1). IG II2 4817 (site: Hagios Petros) was probably transported here from Myrrhinus, where the cult of Artemis Kolainis is attested [1. 9 ff.]. Eupolis criticizes Pericles' war policy in the comedy Prospáltioi (the inhabitants o…

[German version] (Θράσυμος; Thrásymos). Significant mining area in the Attic deme of Sunium in Laurium, connected with other mining areas by roads, located in the Botsari valley on account of the site where IG II2 2638 was found . Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography H. Lohmann, Atene, 1993, Index s. v. Th., ill. 12.

[German version] (Ἰλισός/ Ilisós, Ἰλισσός/ Ilissós). One of the two main rivers of the plain of Athens (Str. 9,1,24), the other being the  Cephis(s)us [2]. Having its source on the north-western slope of the  Hymettus it turned towards the southwest at the southern edge of Athens (today completely built over and as in antiquity seasonal). It is disputed whether the I. emptied itself into the sea at Phalerum or into the Cephisus north of Piraeus [2. 164 fig. 213]. The Eridanus (Paus. 1,19,5) was a tri…

[German version] (Αἰγηίς; Aigēís). Following the reforms by  Cleisthenes A. was the second of the ten Attic phyles (IG II/III2 1740 ff.), named after the eponymous hero  Aegeus. In the 4th cent. BC, Aegeis comprised the following demes: eight   asty- , five   paralia- and eight   mesogeia . In 308/7 BC, four of those changed over to the Macedonian phyles of  Antigonis or  Demetrias; following their dissolution in 201/200 BC, they rejoined the A.  Cydantidae transferred in 224/3 BC to the  Ptolemais,  Icarium in 201/200 BC t…

[German version] (Πίδασα; Pídasa). Fortified Carian settlement on (Mount) Grion, modern Ilbıra Daǧi, above Danişment, with two acropoleis (modern Cert Osman Kalesi) [1; 2. 91f.; 5]. After 494 BC the Persians gave Milesia ὑπεράκρια/ hyperákria ('on the heights') , the uplands of Miletus [2], to the Pidaseis (Hdt. 6,20). P. was a member of the Delian League (tribute of one talent, ATL 1, 535), and concluded a sympoliteía between 323 and 313 BC with Latmus [2] (cf. [1]), and between 188/7 and 178/7 BC with Miletus [2] (cf. [1. 139; 3; 4. 283f.]), which sent a detachment to garrison P. Lohmann…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Attica (Θοραί; Thoraí). Attic paralia deme, phyle Antiochis, 307/6 - 200 BC Demetrias, four bouleutaí. According to Str. 9,1,21 on the Attic southwest coast between Aegilia (modern Finikia?) and Lamptrae, probably therefore between Lagonisi and Agios Dimitrios ([2. 243 note 10; 3], differently [1]). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 C. W. J. Eliot, Coastal Demes of Attika, 1962, 65-68 2 H. Lauter, Ein ländliches Heiligtum hellenistischer Zeit in Trapuria (Attika), in: AA 1980, 242-255 3 J. S. Traill, Demos…

[German version] (Κεκροπίς; Kekropís). After the phyle reforms of  Cleisthenes [2] the seventh of the 10 phyles of Attica ( Attica with map); its eponymous hero:  Cecrops. At the time of the 10 phyles, C. comprised 11 (four asty, five mesogeia, and two paralia) demes. From 307/6 to 201/0 BC, Daedalidae, Melite and Xypete changed over to Demetrias. In line with the other Cleisthenian phyles, C. transferred one deme each to the phyles of Ptolemaïs (224/3 BC), Attalis (200 BC), and Hadrianis (AD 127/8). Instead of eight, only six demes appear in the list of prytanes IG II2 1782 of AD 177/8. …

[German version] (Τείθρας/ Teíthras, Τίθρας/ Títhras). Attic paralia(?) deme, Aegeis phyle, four bouleutaí . Decrees of the Teithrasians place T. certainly at modern Pikermi (SEG 21, 520; 542; 24, 151-153). There is evidence of cults of Athena, Zeus, Kore (SEG 24, 542), Heracles [1] and the hero Datylus (SEG 24, 151). A hero T. (schol. Aristoph. Ran. 477) and T. figs (Ath. 14,652f) are mentioned. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica 5, 41 with note 13, 68, 112 No 133, Table. 2  Whitehead, Index s. v. T.

[German version] (Φηγοῦς; Phēgoûs). Attic mesogeia (?) deme of the Erechtheis phyle, with one bouleutḗs. Demotikon Φηγούσιος/ Phēgoúsios (Steph. Byz. s.v. Φ.). Location unknown. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica, 38, 62, 70, 112 Nr. 110, Tab. 1  J.S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 126.

[German version] (Θυργωνίδαι; Thyrgōnídai). Kṓmē in the territory of the 'constitutional' Attic deme  Aphidna, changed together with the latter from the Aiantis [1] phyle into the Ptolemaïs [10] phyle in 224/3 BC (IG II2 2362, Z. 49; Harpocr.  s. v. Θ.). Not an independent deme until the Roman period. Hsch. s.v. Θ.; EM s.v. Τιτακίδαι/ Titakídai. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica 30, 88, 121 No. 41.

[German version] (Ἠετιώνεια; Ēetiṓneia, Ἠτιώνεια; Ētiṓneia). Narrow peninsula that borders the main harbour ( Kántharos) of Piraeus on the northwest (Harpocr. s.v. E.). In 411 BC ‘the 400’ had the wall on the Eetionia made into a fort of the Piraius fortification (Munichia,  Athens [1]) (Aristot. Ath. Pol. 37; Thuc. 8,90-92). Its reconstruction after the razing in 404 is attested by construction documents of 395/4 or 394/3 BC on the base of the Hellenistic Eetionia wall (IG II2 1656, 1657; [1. 28; 3. 21ff. No. 1, 2]). Restored in 337/6 BC (in stone?) (IG II2 244; [3. 36ff. No. 10]). T…

[German version] (Ἑστιαία; Hestiaía). Attic asty deme of the Aegis phyle, with one bouleutḗs, given the road connexion with Ancyle (Harpocr. s.v. τρικέφαλον) presumably northeast of Athens at Cholargus. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica, 39, 70, 110 no. 55, table 2 Id., Demos and Trittys, 1986, 127.

[German version] (Κονθύλη; Konthýlē). Attic mesogeia deme of the phyle Pandionis, from 224/3 BC of Ptolemaïs; one   bouleutḗs ; the location is uncertain (Mazareïka? [2; 3. 43]). According to [1. 601ff.], C. formed the cultural association of Tricomi together with Erchia and Cytherus. Sources: Aristoph. Vesp. 233; Phot. s.v. Κοθύλη. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 P. J. Bicknell, Clisthène et Kytherros, in: REG 89, 1976, 599-603 2 M. Petropolakou, E. Pentazos, Ancient Greek Cities 21. Attiki, 1973, 157 no. 25 3 Traill, Attica 43, 62, 69, 111 no. 73, table 3, 13.

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Theatre | Laurium | Mycenaean culture and archaeology | Attica | Attica | Aegean Koine | Education / Culture (Θορικός/ Thorikós). Paralia deme with the character of a small town on the southeastern coast of Attica, Acamantis phyle, five (six) bouleutaí. Settlement activity from the late Chalcolithic (end of the 4th millennium BC). In the early Mycenaean period a princely seat with a significant Mycenaean necropolis [1], which was absorbed by Athens in the Late Helladic IIIA ( synoikismós of Theseus; T…

[German version] (Διακρία; Diakría), also Hyperacria and Epacria. Term for the mountainous northeast of Attica [2], probably also the Attic east coast as far as Brauron, the ancestral home of the  Peisistratids (Pl. Hipparch. 228b; Plut. Solon 10,3; [4. 224]). Supported by a group of Hyperakrioi (Hdt. 1,59) or Diakrioi (Aristot. Ath. Pol. 13,4; [1; 2; 3. 184-188]), Peisistratus [4] established his tyrannis in Athens in 561 BC. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 K. H. Kinzl, Regionalism in Classical Athens?, in: Ancient History Bull. 3, 1989, 5-9 2 R. J. Hopper, 'Plain', 'S…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Laurium | Attica | Attica (Σούνιον/ Soúnion). Cape in the southeast of Attica, Attic paralia deme (Str. 9,1,22), phyle of Leontis, from 201/0 BC Attalis, four (six) bouleutaí. The territory of S. ( c. 28 km2) bordered on Amphitrope in the west (border inscription on the Spitharopussi [1. 11 f. pl. 3]), and Thoricus in the north and, in Nape and Thrasymus, encompassedtwo significant mining districts of Laurium. The cults of Poseidon and Athena Sounias on the cape stretched back into the late Geometric Period. In c. 600 BC colo…

[German version] (Κοθωκίδαι; Kothōkídai). Attic paralia deme of the Oeneis phyle, from 307/6 to 200 BC of the Demetrias, with two bouleutaí. Probably c. 6 km north-east of Eleusis near Hagios Ioannis in Goritsa north of Aspropyrgos, the provenance of tomb inscription IG II2 6481 [1; 2. 49].  Aeschines [2] was from C. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 E. Honigmann, s.v. K., RE 11, 1516 2 Traill, Attica 9, 19, 49, 62, 68, 111 no. 76, table 6, 12.

[German version] (Ξυπέτη; Xypétē). Attic asty deme of the Cecropis phyle, from 307/6 until 201 BC of the Demetrias [2] phyle, seven bouleutaí; with Peiraeus, Phalerum and Thymaetadae, X. formed the cult federation of the tetrákōmoi with a common Herakleion at Peiraeus. Its location between this sanctuary and Phalerum at modern Kallithea-Moschato is certain. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography E. Meyer, s. v. X., RE 9 A, 2178-2182  Traill, Attica, 11, 50, 67, 112 No. 142, Table 7, 12  J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 5, 13, 14, 24, 115, 134  Whitehead, Index s. v. X.

[German version] Deme of  Miletus, south of Milesia at the Gulf of Akbük. Name ( Argasa) of Carian origin [2. § 89-1]. Several inscriptions prove the existence of a (secular?) temenos of A. [1 no. 66-69]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 A. Rehm, A. Harder, Didyma II. Die Inschr., 1958 2 L. Zgusta, Kleinasiatische Ortsnamen, 1984. M. Piérart, Athènes et Milet I. Tribus et dèmes Milésiens, in: MH 40, 1983, 1-18 Id., Athènes et Milet II. L'organisation du territoire, in: MH 42, 1985, 276-299 H. Lohmann, Survey in der Chora von Milet. Vorbericht über die Kampagnen der…

[German version] (Αἰθαλίδαι; Aithalídai). Attic mesogeia deme of the phyle  Leontis (IG II2 1742), later of the Antigonis. Two bouleutai. Of uncertain location, possible connection with  Eupyridae,  Cropidae, and  Peleces [2; 3. 45, map 1]. For the inscription on the grave of an Aethalides near the modern Marathon, see [4. 319, n. 2]. With 94 recorded names, it is mentioned surprisingly frequently [1. 59]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 A. W. Gomme, The Population of Athens, 1933 2 A. Milchhoefer, s. v. A., RE 1, 1092 f. 3 Traill, Attica, 8, 45, 68, 109 (no. 6), 13…

[German version] (Πλώθεια/ Plṓtheia; demoticon Πλωθεεύς/ Plōtheeús, Πλωθειεύς/ Plōtheieús, from the 4th century BC Πλωθεύς/ Plōtheús). A small Attic asty-deme, phyle of Aigeis, one bouleutḗs (later two). Its site to the southwest of modern Stamata on the northeastern slopes of Mount  Pentelicon is certain from votive inscriptions (IG II2 4607, 4885, 4916). The deme decree IG I3 258 (425/413 BC, ex IG II2 1172) governs finances, and attests to a dḗmarchos [3], tamíai ( tamías ) and cults of Apollo, Aphrodite and the Dioscuri (Anaces). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attic…

[German version] (Ἀναία; Anaía). Coastal town in Ionia to the north of the Mycale mountains at and near the Byzantine fortress (12th/13th century AD; [3. 65-74]), now called Kadıkale, where [2] found pottery from the 10th-3rd cent. BC. When the Athenians conquered Samos in 365 BC, A., as part of the peraia of Samos [3], was used by the Samians as a place of refuge [1. 44 f.]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Ch. Habicht, Athen, 1995 2 Z. Mercangöz, Kuşadası, Kadıkalesi Kazısı, in: 24. Kazı, Araştırma ve Arkeometri Sempozyumu, 2003 3 W. Müller- Wiener, Mittelalterliche Befest…

[German version] (Ἰουστινιανόπολις; Ioustinianópolis). Place on the peninsula of Miletus ( Milesia), first mentioned in an inscription of the time of Justinian from the Sacred Way in  Didyma (unpublished). Possibly identical with Didyma, which, however, in Byzantine sources always appears as Tò Hierón (Τὸ Ἱερόν, from this Turkish Jeronda), or with a deserted city discovered in 1995 on the Gulf of Akbük [1. 304f.]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 H. Lohmann, Survey in der Chora von Milet, in: AA 1997, 285-311.

[German version] (Modern Greek Δέμα). Incomplete (?) towerless, polygonal wall, 4.3 km in length with numerous sally gates and two watchtowers that, at Ano Liosia, sealed the northern access between Parnes and Aigaleos from Thriasia into the Pedion. Constructed either in 404 BC after the banishment of the Thirty [2] or in 378/375 BC in the Boeotian War [1]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 M. H. Munn, The Defense of Attica, 1993 2 A. Skias, Τὸ λεγόμενον Δέμα καὶ ἄλλα ἐρείπια [ Tò legómenon Déma kaì álla ereípia], in: ArchE 1919, 35-36. J. P. Adam, L'architecture militaire grec…

[German version] (Ἀχραδοῦς; Achradoús). According to Steph. Byz. s. v. A., Attic deme. Ἀχραδούσιος/ Achradoúsios (Aristoph. Eccl. 362) is explained as a travesty of  Acherdus [1. 336], but A. is also verified in IG II2 2776 Z. 195, possibly as a dependent   kome of  Ionidae [2. 53]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Whitehead 2 H. Lohmann, Atene, 1993.

[German version] Terracing is used worldwide in settlement areas with considerably variable surface relief to extend the usable agricultural area and increase yields, and to this day it characterizes the appearance of many Greek landscapes. By reshaping steep slopes into a number of gently sloping or horizontal steps, water retention is improved, root formation is promoted, soil erosion is retarded and working the land is made easier. Most terraces in the Mediterranean may have their origin in the…

[German version] (Ἀλωπεκή; Alōpekḗ). Attic   asty-deme of the phyle  Antiochis, 10-12 bouleutai [3]. 11-12 stadia ( c. 2 km) outside the city (Aeschin. In Tim. 99). Since according to Hdt. 5,63 the grave of  Anchimolus lay in A. by the heracleum of Cynosarges in  Diomea, A. bordered to the north on Diomea, and in the west on  Phalerum. Located earlier near Katsipodi or Ambelokipi [3. 53; 2; 1] (today Daphni / Hagios Dimitrios). IG II2 3683 (place where found ‘Angelokipi’ [sic!]), documents the cult of  Aphrodite, Alci. 3,37, of  Hermaphroditus, IG II2 1596(A) l. 5 a   hieromnemon …

[German version] (Κεραμεῖς; Kerameîs). Attic asty deme of the phyle Acamantis, six   bouleutaí . Provenance from this deme is expressed by ἐκ Κεραμέων ( ek Keraméōn). Sources [1. LXXf.] consistently refer to the place as  Kerameikos. This was called the most beautiful of Athenian suburbs (Thuc. 2,34,5;  Athens, map), and was located inside -- and to the northwest outside -- the Dipylon Gate between Sacred Way to Eleusis and the road to the Academy. The hóroi Kerameíkou alongside the latter (IG II2 2617-2619) probably marked the deme border, contrary to [2. 167; 5. 300; 6. 29109; 7] (for…

[German version] (Κωλιὰς ἄκρα; Kōlías ákra). Cape at the western coast of Attica [1] in the deme Halimus, modern Hagios Cosmas, with an Early Helladic settlement [3; 4]. This is where wreckage from the naval battle of Salamis (480 BC) was washed ashore (Hdt. 8,96). A sanctuary of Demeter Thesmophoros is attested by Plutarch (Solon 8,4), Pausanias (1,31,1), and Hesychius (s.v. Κ.) [2. 100]. The cult of Aphrodite Colias is localized by Str. 9,1,21 incorrectly in Anaphlystus. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 J. Day, Cape Colias, Phalerum and the Phaleric Wall, in: AJA 36, 1932, 1-11 2 G. …

[German version] (Ἀτήνη; Atḗnē). Attic paralia deme of average size (three   bouleutai ) of the phyle Antiochis on the south-west tip of Attica; name pre-Greek. Thus far the only deme which has been examined completely within its ancient borders. A. borders Anaphlystus in the north,  Amphitrope in the east (border inscription on the Megalo Baphi). The area of the deme covers, with the valleys of Charaka, Hagia Photini and Thimari, as well as the island Gaidouronisi, around 20 km2, of which only 22% (= 440 ha.) is agriculturally useful. In prehistoric times still not settl…

[German version] (Πήληκες; Pḗlēkes). Attic deme in the mesogaia of the phyle Leontis, with two bouleutaí. Along with Cropidae and Eupyridae P. constituted a cultural trikōmía ("three village union"; Steph. Byz. s.v. Εὐπυρίδαι/ Eurypídai; [2. 185 with n. 46]) and was thus probably situated north of the Aegaleos (near modern Chassia? [1. 47]). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Traill, Attica, 47, 62, 69, 111 no. 104, Tab. 4 2 Whitehead, Index s.v. P.

[German version] (Κηττός; Kēttós). Attic asty [2] or mesogeia deme [3] of the phyle Leontis, three (four) bouleutaí. Inscriptions confirm neither the location near Daphni [2] nor the one in the region north-east of Menidi [3. 174f.]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Traill, Attica, 18, 43, 62, 68, 110 no. 66, table 4 2 J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 81 fn. 7, 130 3 E. Vanderpool, The Acharnanian Aqueduct, in: Χαριστήριον εἰς Ἀναστάσιον Κ. Ὀρλάνδον 1, 1965, 166-175.

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Attica (Θυμαιτάδαι; Thymaitádai). Attic asty deme of the Hippothontis phyle, two bouleutaí, probably to the northwest of Piraeus on the Bay of Keratsini, modern Ormos Erakleus. With Piraeus, Phaleron and Xypete, T. formed the tetrákōmoi cult federation (Poll. 4,105; IG II2 3102 f.) with a central sanctuary to Heracles (Steph. Byz. s. v. Ἐχελίδαι). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica 21, 52, 69, 112 No. 138, Tab. 8.

[German version] (Κορυδαλλός, Korydallós). Attic asty deme of the Hippothontis phyle, from 200 BC of Attalis, the mountains of the same name (Str. 9,14; 23; Diod. Sic. 4,59,5; Ath. from 9,390ab; Ael. NA 3,25 [2]); one (?) bouleutḗs. The deme centre suspected [2] near Palaiokastro/Palaiochora. The so-called ‘heroa’ [1; 2. 10ff.] are farmsteads, not the sanctuary of the Kore Soteira attested by Ammonius ( Perì diapheroýsōn léxeōn 84, s.v. Κόρυδος valckenaer). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 E. Honigmann, s.v. Korydallos, RE 10, 1447 2 A. Milchhoefer, Erläuternder Text, …

[German version] (Εὐώνυμον; Euṓnymon). Attic asty deme of the phyle Erechtheis, ten (from 307/6 BC twelve) bouleutai. Its location has been pinpointed to ‘Trachones’ (modern Alimos) on the Leophoros Vouliagmenis because of epigraphical evidence. There are also Mycenaean tombs [1] and a late geometric necropolis [2; 6. 7]. E. had a northern border with Alopece, an eastern one with Hymettus, whilst in the south it bordered on Aexone and in the west on Halimus. North of the airport is the theatre of E. with an ort…

[German version] (Ἀχερδοῦς; Acherdoús, from ἄχερδος; ácherdos, thorn bush,  Achradus). Attic   paralia(?)-deme of the phyle  Hippothontis, 1 bouleutes. Localization uncertain [1. 23 (near Goritsa); 2. 217 (near Eleusis or Decelea); 3. 137], obviously within the region of Thriasia. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 A. Milchhoefer, Erläuternder Text, in: E. Curtius, J. A. Kaupert (ed.), Karten von Attika 7-8, 1895, 23 2 Id., s. v. A., RE 1 3 J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986. Traill, Attica, 52, 109 no. 2, table 8 Whitehead, 23, 336, 372.

[German version] (Ἀντινοείς; Antinoeís). Attic deme of the phyle  Hadrianis (IG II2 1793), which was founded in AD 126/27, probably after the death of  Antinous [2] in AD 130; it was located in that part of Athens which had been founded by  Hadrianus. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica, 31 n. 18, 109 (no. 16), table 15.

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Attica (Πάνακτον, Πάνακτος; Pánakton, Pánaktos). Attic border fortress on the southern edge of the Plain of Scurta near modern Prasino (once Kavasala) [2; 3; 4; 5. 224f.; 6], sometimes incorrectly identified with the Gyphtokastro (Eleutherai) in the Kaza Pass. Built before the  Peloponnesian War, in 422 BC P. fell to the Boeotians through treachery (Thuc. 5,3,5), who, in violation of a treaty, demolished it before returning it (Thuc. 5,18,7; 39,2f.;…

[German version] (Φηγαία/ Phēgaía, Φηγαιά/ Phēgaiá; demotikon Φηγαιεύς/ Phēgaieús). Attic p aralia deme of the phyle of Aigeis, from AD 127/8 of Hadrianis, with three (four) bouleutaí on the east coast of Attica (near what is today Draphi [3. 335] or Ierotsakuli? [1. 82 with note 12]). It was not an independent dêmos, but a kṓmē ('village community'; of Stiria?) that was established by the people of Phegaea, as included in the list of demes IG II2 2362 as one of the demes of Pandionis (cf. Steph. Byz. s.v. Φ.) [2. 55, 57ff.]. IG II2 1932,14f. shows evidence of cults of Hercules and th…

[German version] (Αἰγάλεως; Aigáleōs). Range of hills (up to 458 m) between the plains of Athens and of  Eleusis (Thuc. 2,19; in parts belonging to the demos  Colonus: FGrH 334 Ister fr. 17), from where  Xerxes in 480 BC observed the naval battle near  Salamis (Hdt. 8,90,4). In ancient times covered by forest (Stat. Theb. 12,620) or maquis (Callim. Fr. 238,23 Pf.; Suda s. v. μᾶσσον; mâsson). Separated from  Parnes by a pass near Fili (formerly Chassia) which is closed off by the so-called Dema, the A. forms a further defile in the south near the monastery of D…

[German version] (Τιτακίδαι; Titakídai). Kṓmē in the area of the 'constitutional' Attic deme of Aphidna, which moved with the latter from the phyle of Aeantis [1] (Harpocr. s. v. Τ.; EM s. v. Τ.; Steph. Byz. s. v. Τ.: Antiochis) to Ptolemaïs [10] (IG II2 2050 Z. 74; 2067 Z. 63; [1. 50 no. 18]) in 224/3 BC. T. was not an independent deme until the Roman period. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 J. H. Oliver, Greek Inscriptions, in: Hesperia 11, 1942, 29-103. Traill, Attica, 30, 88, 122 No. 42  Whitehead, 24 n. 83; 329.

[German version] (Ὑδροῦσσα/ Hydroûssa; also Ὑδρόεσσα/ Hydróessa, Ὑδροῦσα/ Hydroûsa, Ὕδρουσα/ Hýdrousa; ‘rich in water’). The name of numerous islands, the one in Attica was off the coast of  Aexone according to Str. 9,1,21. However, the name does not fit any of the rocky islands off the western coast of Attica. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography L. Bürchner, s.v. H., RE 9, 79 W. Kolbe, s.v. H., RE 9, 87.

[German version] (Κυδαντίδαι; Kydantídai). Attic mesogeia(?)-deme of the phyle Aegeis, from 224/3 BC of Ptolemaïs; placed one (two) bouleutaí. Location unknown; Vurva [1. 173; 4. 24ff.], Kato Charvati [2], Mendeli [3 have been suggested. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 P. Siewert, Die Trittyen Attikas und die Heeresreform des Kleisthenes, 1982 2 Traill, Attica 15f., 41, 62, 69, 111 no. 79, pl. 2, 13 3 J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 128 with n. 17 4 E. Vanderpool, The Location of the Attic Deme Erchia, in: BCH 89, 1965, 21-26.

[German version] (Ἀγρυλή; Agrylḗ). Attic   asty-deme (upper and lower A.) of the   phyle Erechtheis (trittys Euonymeis), from 306-201 BC of the  Antigonis, after 200 BC of the Attalis, with three to five bouleutai, bordering on  Ancyle (IG II2 2776 l. 58-59 [2. 70]) on the western slopes of the  Hymettus, above the Panathenaean stadion (Harpokr. s. v. Ἀρδηττός/Ardettos, Str. 9,1,24), near the modern Pankrati.  Panathenaea;  Trittyes Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Traill, Attica, 37, 59, 62, 67 ff., 109 no. 3, 4, 123, 125, table 1 2 S. G. Miller, A Roman Monument in the At…

[German version] (μεσόγεια, mesógeia), the inland area of Attica. Since Cleisthenes' reform of the tribes [4. 157ff.], each of the ten Attic phýlai consisted of one trittýs (‘third’) each of dḗmoi from a sty, m esógeia and p aralia (Aristot. Ath. Pol. 21,4) [1; 2. 251ff.; 4. 159]. In classical times the 10 mesógeia trittýes included approximately 47 dḗmoi [3. 125ff.]. Attica (with map); Demos [2] Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 M. H. Hansen, Asty, M. and Paralia, in: CeM 41, 1990, 51-54 2 P. J. Rhodes, A Commentary on the Aristotelian Athenaion Politeia, 1981 3 J. S. Traill, Demos and …

(Σαλμώνη/ Salmṓnē). [German version] [1] City in Elean Pisatis City in Elean Pisatis. Location disputed, possibly near modern Néraïda, 12 km north of Olympia (Str. 8,3,31; Diod. Sic. 4,68,1). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) [German version] [2] Main source of the Enipeus [1] Main source of the Enipeus [1] (Str. 8,3,32). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography G. Panayotopoulos, Questions sur la topographie éléenne ..., in: A.D. Rizakis (ed.), Αρχαία Αχαΐα και Ελεία. Ανακοινώσεις κατά το Πρώτο Διεθνές Συμπόσιο (Athens 1989), 1991, 275-281.

[German version] (Βερενικίδαι; Berenikídai). Attic deme of the Ptolemais phyle established in 224/23 BC and named after  Berenice, wife of Ptolemy III Euergetes. Possibly located around Eleusis (cf. grave inscription IG II2 5868 from Mandra and IG II2 5888 from Eleusis). The announcer of the decree on demes (?) IG II2 1221 (found at Eleusis) came from the B. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica, 29f., 109 (no. 25), table 13.

[German version] (Ἐχελίδαι; Echelídai, from ἕλος; hélos, ‘Swamp’?). Locality ( dḗmos according to Steph. Byz. s.v. Eχελíδαι; EM s.v. Ἔχελος) in Attica in the plain near the mouth of the Kephisos close to the ‘Long Wall’ leading to Phalerum, slightly north of today's Neofaliron on the territory of the Demos Xypete [2; 3. 87]. Judeich and Milchhöfer [1; 2] suspect that the hippodromos of Athens was located there. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 W. Judeich, Top. von Athen, 21931, 456 2 A. Milchhöfer, s.v. E., RE 5, 1911 3 Traill, Attica, 50, 86f., 114 no. 10.

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Lycii, Lycia (Κρύα; Krýa; Καρύα; Karía, Ptol. 5,3,2; Crya fugitivorum, Plin. HN 5,103; now Taşyaka). Fortified town in the Rhodian Peraea on the south-west coast of Asia Minor in Lycia on the gulf of Telmessus, 2,4 km west-north-west of Fethiye. Sources: Mela 1,16; Steph. Byz. s.v. Krya Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography G. E. Bean, s.v. Taşyaka, PE, 886 Id., Kleinasien 4, 1980, 31, 34 Id., P. M. Fraser, The Rhodian Peraea, 1954, 55f. GGM 1, 494f. no. 258f. P. Roos, Topographical and Other Notes on South-Eastern Cari…

[German version] (Φλύα; Phlýa). Large Attic Mesogeia deme belonging to the Cecropis phyle and from 224/3 BC on to the Ptolemaïs phyle, with five? (six?) bouleutaí; located at modern Chalandri northeast of Athens, bordering Athmonon (IG II2 2776,49). In addition to numerous cults (Apollo, Artemis, Athena, Zeus, Nymphs: Paus. 1,34,4; [1]), rural Dionysia are attested for P. (Isaius 8,15f.). After its destruction by the Persians Themistocles renewed the age-old sanctuary to the 'Great Goddess' attended by the Lycomidae (Plut. Themist…

[German version] (Κέρατα; Kérata). Peaks, named after their peculiar shape (‘horns’) (modern Trikeraton; Trikeri, 470 m), in the mountains on the border between Attica and Megaris east of Eleusis (Diod. Sic. 11,65,1; Plut. Themistocles 13,1; Str. 9,1,11). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography F. Bölte, s.v. K., RE 11, 265f. Philippson/Kirsten, vol. 1, 760; 973.

[German version] (Ἐρίκεια/ Eríkeia, from ἐρείκη/ Ereíkē, ‘brier’?). Attic asty(?)-deme of the Aegeis phyle, one bouleutes (after 307/6 BC two). Its location determined to be near Kypseli as the finding-place of a decree (IG II2, 1215, beginning of the 3rd cent. BC) in which an unknown deme honours a donor for the repairs to cultic installations. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica 16, 39 with n. 10, 59, 70, 74 n. 10, 110 no. 42, table 2 Whitehead Index s.v. E.

[German version] (Οἰνηίς/ Oinēís). After Cleisthenes' [2] phyle reform (508/7 BC) the sixth of the ten Attic phylai, with eponymous hero Οἰνεύς/ Oineús (Paus. 1,5,2). In the 4th cent. it had thirteen dḗmoi, eight in the asty trittys, two (?) in the paralia trittys, and four in the mesogeia trittys. Three dḗmoi switched in 307/6-201/0 BC to the Macedonian phyle of Demetrias, Butadae in 224/3 to Ptolemaïs, Tyrmeidae in 201/200 to Attalis, and Thria in 127/8 AD to Hadrianis. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica, 9, 19f., 23, 28, 48ff., 55, 57, 71, 102, 105f., 133, table 6  J.S.…

[German version] (Κύθηρος; Kýthēros). Attic paralia(?) deme of the Pandionis phyle, from 307/6 to 201 BC of the Antigonis; supplied two bouleutaí. According to Str. 9,1,20, one of the locations belonging to the Attic dodecapolis. Its localisation near Poussi Kalojerou by Traill [3] is methodologically unsustainable; Dem. Or. 42 suggests a site near a city, in a wooded area. In IG II2 2496 three houses belonging to the deme of C. in Piraeus are leased by otherwise unattested Meritai [4. 383 no. 72]. A cult association between Trikomoi, Erchia and C. can scarcely be deduced from IG II2 1213…

[German version] (Ἀνακαία; Anakaía). Attic deme of the phyle  Hippothontis (IG II2 2377), with its geographical centre around  Eleusis and in Thriasia. Three bouleutai. Trittys and location uncertain, possibly near Mygdaleza [2. 137] or in the Kundura valley with a deme centre at Hagios Giorgios [1. 61 ff.]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 H. Lohmann, Das Kastro von H. Giorgios (‘Ereneia’), in: MarbWPr 1988, 34-66 2 J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986 3 Id., Attica, 52, 68, 109 (no. 11), table 8.

[German version] (Παιονίδαι/ Paionídai). Attic mesogeia deme of the Leontis phyle on the Parnes, with three bouleutaí. According to Hdt. 5,62, the fortress of Leipsydrium (which has not yet been located), was above P. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica, 47, 62, 68, table 4  J.S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 55, 63, 130  Whitehead, Index s.v. P.

[German version] (Ἄθμονον; Áthmonon). Attic mesogeia deme of the  phyle Cecropis, later of Attalis; five (six?) bouleutai. In A., which bordered  Phlya in the south (?) (IG II2 2776 Z. 49; [1; 2]), lay the sanctuary of Artemis Amarysia (Paus. 1,31,5), whose name lives on in the erstwhile village Marusi (today Amarousio). Here two border stones of the sanctuary (IG I2 865; [2]) were found, as well as a decree of the Athmoneans (IG II2 1203) which relates to the festival of Amarysia, mentions an agon and was set up ‘in the sanctuary’ (of Artemis). Discovery of grave ins…

[German version] (Περγασή/ Pergasḗ; Demoticon Περγασῆθεν/ Pergasêthen). Attic Mesogeia deme of the Erechtheis phyle, divided into upper and lower P. (Π. καθύπερθεν/ P. kathýperthen, Π. ὑπένερθεν/ P. hypénerthen) each with two bouleutaí, one part of which went over to the Antigonis phyle in 307/6 BC. According to Aristoph. Equ. 321, P. was on the road from Athens to Aphidna (near modern Chelidonou?). The burial inscription IG II2 7205 is from Varibopi near Tatoï. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica, 6, 38, 59, 69, 111 Nr. 105f., 126, Tab. 1, 11  Whitehead, Index s.v. P.

[German version] (Ἐπικηφισία; Epikēphisía). Attic asty deme of the phyle Oeneis. One (or two) bouleut(ai). The approximate location of E. in the Cephissus valley at  Laciadae is evident from the name and the site where the decree on deme was found IG II2 1205 at Dipylon, see [1. 40]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 P. Siewert, Die Trittyen Attikas und die Heeresreform des Kleisthenes, 1982. Traill, Attica 19, 49, 69, 110 no. 40, table 6 J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 133 Whitehead, Index s.v. E.

[German version] (Ὀτρύνη/ Otrýnē). Attic asty deme of the phyle of Aegeis, with one bouleutḗs. Location uncertain - the connection with fish in Ath. 7,309e is topographically irrelevant [1]. For a case of illegitimate acquisition of citizenship in O., cf. Dem. Or. 44,37 [2. 297]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 D. Schaps, Antiphanes Frg. 206 and the Location of the Deme O., in: CPh 77, 1982, 327f. 2 Whitehead, Index s.v. O. W.E. Thompson, Kleisthenes and Aigeis, in: Mnemosyne 22, 1969, 137-152  Traill, Attica, 16f., 40, 69, 111 nr. 97, table 2  J.S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Achaemenids | Persian Wars | Delian League (Μυοῦς; Myoûs). Small port in Ionia on the former Gulf of Latmia, now 18km from the sea at Avşar Kale. As a member of the Pan-Ionic amphiktyonía (Hdt. 1,142), it provided three ships for the naval battle of Lade in 494 BC (Hdt. 6,8). During the 5th cent. BC it was ruled by Themistocles (Thuc. 1,138), before joining the Delian League (ATL 4, Index s.v. M.); in the 3rd cent., M. lost its political independence to Mile…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Attica (Τρινέμεια; Trinémeia). Attic mesogeia deme, of the Cecropis phyle, two bouleutaí, at the source of the Cephissus [2] (Str. 9,1,24) to the northeast of modern Kifissia in the valley of the modern Kokkinaras. An ephebe ( Ephēbeía ) from T. (IG II2 1028 col. III Z. 143) is an addendum to the list of the Cecropis phyle, but this does not attest to a second T. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica 51, 69, 85, 112 No. 140, 122, Tab. 7.

[German version] (Παιανία/ Paianía). Great Attic mesogeia deme of the phyle Pandionis in Liopesi (today again P.), divided into Upper P. (Π. καθύπερθεν/ P. kathýperthen) with one bouleutḗs and Lower P. (Π. ὑπένερθεν/ P. Hypénerthen) with eleven bouleutaí (Harpocr. s.v. Παιανιεῖς). In 307/6 BC, Upper P. changed over to Antigonis. The deme decree IG I3 250 (450/430 BC; FO: Liopesi) [2. 385 No. 83] of Lower P., which mentions a quorum of 100 dēmótai [2. 95], attests to the harvest festival of Pr(o)ērosía [2. 196f.] and hieropoioí ('cult officials') [2. 142, 183]. For the cult of …

[German version] (Ἀνάφλυστος; Anáphlystos). Attic   paralia deme of the phyle  Antiochis (10 bouleutai) in the coastal region of Anavysso in south-western Attica between  Aegilia in the west,  Atene in the south-east, and  Amphitrope in the east; the astike hodos, the arterial highway from Athens to  Sounion, and respectively the Rhevma Maresas/Ari formed the border to  Phrearrhii in the north-west. Traces of habitation from the neolithic period onwards; the peninsula of Hagios Nikolaos (Astypalaea: Str. 9,1,21) housed an important m…

[German version] (Κρωπίδαι; Krōpídai). Attic mesogea deme of the Leontis phyle, a bouleutḗs, also attested as Κρωπιάς or Κρῶπες (Steph. Byz. s.v. Κρωπιά), Κρωπίδης demoticon. Cropia was probably the name of the region [2. 2019]. Κλωπίδαι, which is also attested on inscriptions (Aristoph. Equ. 79) [2], possibly belonged to Aphidna [3. 90f., 116 no. 19; 4. 55, 62]. In 431 BC  Archidamus [1] travelled to Acharnae through C., which is located by [3. 47; 4. 131] to the west of Ano Liosia (Thuc. 2,19). With Eupyr…

[German version] (Σφηττός; Sphēttós). Attic mesogeia deme of the Acamantis phyle, with five (seven) bouleutaí, counted part of the Attic Dodekapolis (Str. 9,1,20), and located, on the basis of honorary inscriptions by the  Sphettii for Demetrius [4] (SEG 25, 206), in the northwest of Coropi; the Bronze Age fortress Kastro tou Christou is situated here [1]. The Sphēttía Hodós ('S. Road' ) connected S. with Athens [2]. The Sphettii were considered witty (Aristoph. Plut. 720). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 R. Hope Simpson, Mycenaean Greece, 1981, 50 B 33 2 Ch. Korres, Σφηττία…

[German version] (Μαραθών; Marathṓn). Large Attic paralia deme of the Aeantis phyle, 10 (?) bouleutai , in a flat coastal area in the east of Attica, capital of the Attic Tetrapolis (M., Oenoe, Probalinthus, Tricorynthus), not identical with modern Marathonas. The name is pre-Greek. There are important prehistoric, ancient and early Christian remains at various sites on the plain (map [10. 223 fig. 271]): Neolithic and Early Helladic settlement near Nea Makri (Probalinthus?) [8; 9; 10. 219],…

[German version] (Σαμικόν; Samikón). The biggest fort of Triphylia (western Peloponnese) on the western foothills of Mount Kaiapha, between the modern Agoulinitsa lagoon in the north and lake Kaiapha in the south. This is the location of a cave of the Anigriades [4], spring nymphs of the former river Anigrus ( cf. [2]) with sulphur springs (Str. 8,3,19; Paus. 5,5,11; Schol. Hom. Il. 11,721). Sources: Paus. 5,6,1-3; Pol. 4,77,9; 80,12; Str. 8,3,13; 19 f.; 27. The form Sámos is only attested in Str. 8,3,20 and Schol. Hom. Il. 13,13. S. was probably built by the Eleans in …

[German version] (Ἀκαμαντίς; Akamantís). Since the reforms of the phyles by  Cleisthenes, fifth of the ten Attic phyles (IG II/III2 1700 ff.); eponymous hero  Acamas. In the 4th cent. BC, it comprised five   asty , three   paralia and five   mesogeia demes. In 308/7 BC, three of them changed over to the Macedonian phyles of Antigonis and  Demetrias; following their dissolution in 201/200 BC, they rejoined A.  Prospalta changed over to the  Ptolemais in 224/3 BC,  Hagnus to the  Attalis in 201/0 BC, Eitea to the  Hadr…

[German version] [1] Kolonos agoraios (κολωνὸς ἀγοραι̂ος; kolōnòs agoraîos, ‘at the agora’). Hill (68 m) to the west of the Agora in Athens, in the deme of Cerameis, with synhedrion [1. 112], arsenal [1. 188f.], temples to Athena and to Hephaestus (so-called Theseum) [1. 91; 5. 261-273, fig. 335-350] and other cults [5. 79], as well as the neighbouring territory in the south (Aristoph. Av. 997f.). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) [German version] [2] Kolonos hippios (κολωνὸς ἵππιος; kolōnòs híppios, ‘equestrian hill’), hill in the north-west of Athens (Thuc. 8,67), made famous by …

[German version] (Ὑβάδαι; Hybádai). Attic mesogeia(?) deme of the phyle Leontis, with two (one)   bouleutaí . Location unknown. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography E. Meyer, s.v. H., RE Suppl. 10, 327 Traill, Attica, 6, 18, 46, 62, 69, 110 no. 57, table 4 Id., Demos and Trittys, 1986, 131.

[German version] (Κυδαθήναιον; Kydathénaion, Κυδαθηναιείς; Kydathenaieís). Great and only asty-deme of the phyle Pandionis, from 307/6 to 201 BC of Antigonis, had 11 (12) bouleutaí; in the centre of Athens north of the Acropolis to the Eridanus, west to the Agora. For the 5th cent. BC there is evidence of a sanctuary and thiasotai of Hercules on the Eridanus. The tanneries ibid. (IG II2 1556, 33ff.; 1576, 5ff.; SEG 18, 36 B9) are considered by Lind [1] to be the cause of the enmity felt by  Aristophanes [3] towards the tannery owner Cleon; both originate fr…

[German version] (Οἶον Κεραμεικόν/ Oîon kerameikón). Attic mesogeia deme of the phyle of Leontis. From 307/6 to 224/3 BC it belonged to the phyle of Demetrias; with one bouleutḗs. The suffix kerameikón (Harpocr. s.v. O.) indicates the proximity to the deme of Cerameis and to the Kerameikos [1. 44 with note 17]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Traill, Attica, 8, 44, 62, 69, 105, 111 nr. 96, 14, table 4, 12. J.S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 131, 148f.  Whitehead, Index s.v. O.

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Attica (Θρία/ Thría). Large Attic paralia deme, chief town of the coastal Trittys (Trittyes), Oineis phyle, from 126/7 AD part of the Hadrianis phyle, seven (eight) bouleutaí; situated in the plain of Eleusis [1] named after T. ( Thriásion pedíon) at modern Aspropyrgos (formerly Kalyvia) 5 km to the northeast of Eleusis (cf. [3]); an aqueduct led from the Parnes to T. IG II2 2500 (found in Eleusis) relates to an agora, to which the Thriasians and the Eleusinians had access. From T. itself there are no re…

[German version] (Λαμπτραί; Lamptraí). Attic deme of the phyle Erechtheis, 307/6-201/0 BC of Antigonis, that consisted of the smaller mesogeia deme of ‘upper L.’ (Λ. καθύπερθεν) with five bouleutaí and the larger coastal deme of ‘lower L.’ (Λ. ὑπένερθεν or παράλοι, ‘on the coast’), with nine bouleutaí (Harpocr. s.v. Λαμπτρεῖς; Hsch. s.v. Λαμπτρά). Upper L. comprised Lambrika, which preserves the name, with the centre of the deme near Kitsi. Important early Mycenaean acropolis of Kiapha Thiti and Mycenaean necropoleis at this location [1. 54…

[German version] (ἡ/ὁ Πάρνης; hē/ho Párnēs). A mountain range, rich in forests and springs, on the border between Attica and Boeotia, stretching west of the Aegaleos, with the name Pastra, as far as Cithaeron; the modern Parnitha (elevation 1413 m). A number of demes were located at the foot of the P., including Acharnae, Aphidna, Decelea, Paeonidae, Peleces and Phyle. Several fortresses secured the passes to Boeotia in the area of the P.: Decelea with the fort at Katsimidi Pass, Phyle, and Panactum,…

[German version] Listed amongst the asty demes of the Leontis phyle epigraphically [2. 99f.], but not in IG II2 2362 (200 BC); with four (?) bouleutai. Location debatable, probably neighbouring Acharnae, see Aristoph. Ach. 406. Archedemus, who had decorated the grotto of the Nymphs near Vari ( Anagyrus), was naturalized in C. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Traill, 18ff., 109 (no. 29), table 4 2 Id., Diakris, the inland trittys of Leontis, in: Hesperia 47, 1978, 89-109 3 Whitehead, 332 with fn. 35, 425.

[German version] (Πτελέα/ Pteléa; demotikon Πτελεάσιος/ Pteleásios). Small Attic ásty deme, phyle Oineis, with one bouleutḗs. Location uncertain, in the Cephissus Valley near modern Aigaleo north of the sacred road [2. 49] or near Aspropirgos (formerly Kalívia Chasiotika) [1]; IG II2 4927. P. (cf. [3]) is the scene of the comedy Hérōs by Menander [4]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 E. Meyer, s. v. P., RE 23, 1478 2 Traill, Attica, 49, 70, 112 Nr. 124, Tab. 6 3 Whitehead, 341.

[German version] (Πίθος). Attic Mesogeia deme of the Cecropis phyle with three (four or five) bouleutaí, probably in the northeast of Chalandri. There is evidence of Thesmophória in P. (Isaeus 8,19f.). P formed an association with the neighbouring demes of Gargettus and Pallene [3] for the cult of Athena Pallenis. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica, 51, 59, 62, 68, 112 Nr. 115, Tab. 7  J.S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 4, 11, 13f., 21f., 24f., 13534  Whitehead, Index s.v. P.

[German version] (Κριώα). Attic asty (?) deme of the Antiochis phyle. With one bouleutaí, after 307/6 BC two bouleutaí. Location uncertain, but the genealogical links between the eponymous hero Crius (schol. Aristoph. Av. 645) and Pallas suggest proximity to Pallene [1; 2. 3732]. The funerary inscription IG II2 6108 of the wife of a Κριωεύς is from Kypseli. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 E. Honigmann, s.v. K., RE 11, 1866 2 P. J. Bicknell, Akamantid Eitea, in: Historia 27, 1978, 369-374. Traill, Attica 23, 54 with n. 27, 59, 69, 111 no. 77, tab. 10 J. S. Traill, Demos and Tritt…

[German version] (Σαλαμίνιοι; Salamínioi). Athenian génos from Salamis [5], which was divided into the 'S. of Seven Phyles' and the 'S. in Sunium'. In the 4th cent. BC, it primarily acted as a cult alliance in charge of some of the oldest cults in the polis (Athena Skiras, Aglaurus, Pandrosus, Ge Kourotrophos among others). Both branches had sanctuaries of Heracles, one in Sunium, the other 'on the Porthmus', that is, the strait of Salamis ([4]; pace [1; 2; 3]) where, along with Phalerum and Athens, the cultic activities of the S. were concentrated. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 W. …

[German version] (ἄστυ; ásty). In a general sense, it means ‘town’ (also physically, in contrast with   polis = citizenry), in  Attica, it refers in a stricter sense to  Athens. In the classical period, of a total of 139 demes, about 42 belonged to the asty (one to eight per phyle, in three phyles -- Aeantis, Antiochis, and Pandionis -- the asty-trittys consisted of only one deme each) [2. table 1-10, map 1]. The asty demes were largely rural in character; only for a small number of them can a dense urban habitat be assumed [1. 37]. They supplied a total of about 130 bouleutai to the   boule …

[German version] (Ναύλοχον/ Naúlochon). Port of the early Hellenistic new foundation of Priene (Plin. HN 5,113: oppidum Naulochum), for which Scyl. 98 records two harbours, one of which was a λιμὴν κλειστός/ limḗn kleistós (‘closed harbour’). Because the edge of the delta of the river Maeander [2] had almost reached Priene in about 350 BC [1], N. must have been to the west of Priene. A dedicatory inscription to the heros Naolochos at the Gate of the Spring in Priene (IPriene 196) indicates that the road to N. probably left from…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Attica (Τρικόρυ(ν)θος; Trikóry(n)thos). Attic paralia deme, Aeantis phyle, from AD 126/7 Hadrianis, three (six) bouleutaí, on the marshy northern edge of the Plain of Marathon near modern Kato Souli; demoticon Τρικορύσιος/ Trikorýsios. With Marathon, Oenoe [5] and Probalinthus, T. formed the Tetrapolis cult association (Str. 8,7,1), whose cultic calendar (IG II2 1358 Z. 55) is evidence of a Hera cult in T. According to Sic. 4,57,4; 58,4, the Heraclidae settled in T., and the head of Eurystheu…

[German version] (Ἁγνοῦς; Hagnoûs, originally Ἀγνοῦς; Agnoûs). Attic mesogeia deme of the Acamantis phyle, from 307/6 BC of Demetrias, from 200/199 BC of Attalis; it provided five   bouleutaí . Formerly located near Dankla east of Markopoulo [1. 48], now to the southwest near Dardiste [2. 132], on the basis of the finding-place of the deme decree IG II2 1083 attributed erroneously in this collection to Myrrhinus. Leon, who had betrayed to Theseus the ambush of the Pallantids at Gargettus, was accorded a cult in H. (Steph. Byz. s.v. Ἁ.) [3. 12]. The o…

[German version] (Ἐτεοβουτάδαι; Eteoboutádai, ‘ancient/true Butadae’). Attic génos that claimed descent from the hero Butes [1] and probably originated as a cult association in the territory of  Butadae. Since the Eteobutadae are already attested during the archaic period, its members ─ contrary to what the name suggests ─ could not have taken their name after the creation of the Cleisthenic deme Butadae. They provided the priestess of  Athena Polias (Aeschin. Leg. 147) and the priests of Poseidon Erechtheus (Plut. Lycurgus 47 f.). Lycurgus [9] belonged to the génos of the Eteobu…

[German version] (Λεωντίς; Leōntís, epigraphically Λεοντίς; Leontís). Since the reform of phyles of Cleisthenes in 508/7 BC, the fourth of ten phyles of Attica (IG II2 417, 478, 1742, 1744, 1752, 1926, 2409, 2818); eponymous hero Leos (Λεώς; Leṓs) in Paus. 1,5,2. In the 4th cent. BC the L. comprised 20 demes, of which seven were in the asty-trittys Scambonidae, four in the paralia-trittys Phrearrhii and nine in the mesogaia-trittys Hecale(?). Five demes changed over from 307/6 to 201/20 BC to the Macedonian phyles of Antigonis and Demetrias. In 224/3 BC, Hecale w…

[German version] (Δίολκος; Dí(h)olkos). Paved trackway for transporting goods and ships between the Saronic Gulf ( Saronikos Kolpos) and the Gulf of  Corinth across the  Isthmus of Corinth at its narrowest point. The diolkos describes a slight southerly curve between the moorings at its ends. It is c. 8 km long, the gradient is a max. 6 % and the track is 1.5 m wide. By connecting the harbours of Cenchreae [2] and  Lechaeum, it strengthened the infrastructure of Corinth, though ancient sources shed no light on its economical significance. A…

(Ἐροιάδαι; Eroiádai). [German version] [1] Attic asty(?)-deme of the phyle Hippothontis Attic asty(?)-deme (IG II2, 1927) of the phyle Hippothontis, one bouleutes (after 307/6 BC: two). Only this E. (not E. [2]) is mentioned by Harpocr., Hsch. and Steph. Byz. s.v. E. Presumably located near Chaidari (there is the finding place of IG II2, 1867, 6090). Ὀρε(ι)άδαι; Ore(i)ádai (SEG 13,115; SEG 17, 98; IG II2, 2776 l. 52 [1. 82]) is possibly a variant of E. based on vowel metathesis [2. 171f.]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 S. G. Miller, A Roman Monument in the Athenian Agora…

[German version] (Αἰξωνή; Aixōnḗ). Attic   paralia deme of the phyle  Cecropis (IG II2 2375) at the south-west coast of Attica between Glyphada and Voula [3]. Eight bouleutai [7]. Its western border was marked by the sea, its eastern one by Mount  Hymettus whose slopes were terraced [1; 2. 29 ff.] -- the φελλεῖς ( phelleîs) in IG II2 2492. To the north, Halimus and Euonymon followed. As Hydrussa (modern Prasonisi) was κατὰ τοὺς Αἰξωνέας ( katà toùs Aixonéas, Str. 9,1,21), A. presumably extended to the south up to Ano Vula, where it bordered on Halai Aixonides. Extensive…

[German version] (Ἀγγελή; Angelḗ). Attic   paralia deme of the phyle Pandionis with two (three), later four bouleutai; its location north-east of the modern Markopulo is verified by the modern place name of Angelisi, by the finding place of IG II/III 5230, and by a   horos from the grove of Angelus, the eponymous hero of A. [1. 9, no. 7]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 J. Kirchner, S. Dow, Inschr. vom att. Lande, in: MDAI(A) 62, 1937, 1-12 2 Traill, Attica, 17 f., 42, 59, 62, 68, 109 no. 13, table 3.

[German version] (Ἱπποθοντίς; Hippothontís). Since Cleistenes' reform of the phyles, the 8th of 10 phyles of Attica; eponymous hero Hippothoon. At the time of the 10 phyles in the 4th cent. BC, the H. comprised 17 (6? asty-, 7? paralia, 4? mesogeia-) demes [1. 11f., 51f., 102] primarily around Eleusis and in north-west Attica; several are not located [1. map]. In 307/6 BC Coele and Oenoe (modern Myupolis) changed to the Demetrias, Auridae or Corydallus to the Antigonis, in 224/3 BC Oion Dekeleikon and Oenoe (from the Demetrias) to the …