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, the night patrol or watch in Muslim cities. According to Maḳrīzī the first to carry out this duty was ʿAbdallah b. Masʿūd, who was ordered by Abu Bakr to patrol the streets of Medina by night. ʿUmar is said to have gone on patrol in person, accompanied by his mawlā Aslam and by ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf. ( Ḵh̲iṭaṭ . ii, 223, cf. Ṭabarī, i, 5, 2742; R. Levy, (ed.) Maʿālim al-Ḳurba , 216; al-G̲h̲azzālī, Naṣīḥat al-Mulūk (ed. Humāʾī, 13, 58). Later the ʿasas was commanded by a police officer, known as the ṣāḥib al-ʿasas (Maḳrīzī, loc. cit.; Ibn Tag̲h̲rībirdī, ii, 73; Nuwayrī, iii, 151). Maḳrīzī says that in his day the ṣāḥib al-ʿasas was popularly known as the wāli ’l-ṭawf ( Ḵh̲itaṭ . ii, 103); a ṣāḥib al-ṭawf is reported in Baṣra in the time of al-Ḥad̲j̲d̲j̲ād̲j̲ (Balād̲h̲urī, Futūḥ 364- On the Ṭawf , apparently a synonym of the ʿAsas , see also Badīʿ al-Zamān, Maḳāmāt …

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,’la ronde de nuit ou le guet dans les

, (beglik), a term formed by joining the adjectival and relative suffix lik to bey ( beg , beg) which was an …

(Beglik), terme formé du suffixe adjectival et relatif lik ajouté à bey (bēg, beg), ancien titre turc [voir Beg]. Le vocable bey correspondrait à l’arabe amīr, et beylik à imāra. Le terme beylik désigne ainsi à la fois le titre et la fonction d’un …

, in its concrete meaning “the House of wealth”, but particularly, in an abstract sense, the “fiscus” or “treasury” of the Muslim State. I. The Legal Doctrine. ‘Bilāl and his companions asked ʿUmar b. al-Ḵh̲aṭṭāb to distribute the booty acquired in Iraq and Syria. “Divide the lands among those who conquered them”,…

, litt. «la Maison du Trésor», de là, le fisc de l’État musulman. I. — Aspect juridique. Doctrine juridique. …