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, mīrzā fatḥ ʿalī (1812-78) was the first writer of original plays in a Turkish idiom. The son of a trader who hailed from Persian Ād̲h̲arbayd̲j̲ān, he was born in 1811 (according to Caferoǧlu) or 1812 (according to the Soviet Encyclopaedia , 1950) in S̲h̲ēkī, the present-day Nūk̲h̲ā. Thanks to the assistance of a relative he was able to avail himself of a good literary and philosophical education, which brought him into closer touch with liberal ideas than the actual calling which he intended to follow, that of an ¶ Islamic theologian. After instruction from a…

Source: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition

Ḏh̲ākir

(500 words)

Author(s): Brands, H.W.

, Kāṣīm Bey , the foremost Ād̲h̲arbāyd̲j̲ānī poet and satirist in the first half of the 19th century. He was born probably in 1786, at Penāhābād in the K̲h̲ānate of Ḳarabāg̲h̲ (now S̲h̲ūs̲h̲a, Nagorno-Karabak̲h̲skay̲a̲ Avtonom. Oblast). He belonged to the clan of Ḏj̲awāns̲h̲īr, a renowned family of beys . In his satirical poetry he relentlessly castigated the religious fanaticism of the Mollās as well as corruption and all kinds of abuses by the beyzāde —the local aristocracy—and the Czarist administration officials. His criticism of the latter r…

Source: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition

Āk̲h̲und-zāda

(624 words)

Author(s): Brands, H.W.

, Mīrzā Fatḥ ʿAlī (1812-1878) fut le premier compositeur de pièces de théâtre originales en langue turque. Né en 1811 (selon Caferoğlu) ou en 1812 ( Encyclopédie Soviétique 1950), il était le fils d’un marchand originaire de l’Ād̲h̲arbayd̲j̲ān turc établi à S̲h̲ēkī (auj. Nūk̲h̲ā). Grâce à l’aide d’un parent, il reçut une formation littéraire et philosophique qui le rapprocha plus des idées libérales que de la profession de théologien musulman à laquelle on le destinait. Après avoir suivi les leçons d’un théologien à Ganğa…

Source: Encyclopédie de l’Islam

Ḏh̲ākir

(511 words)

Author(s): Brands, H. W.

, Ḳāsi̊m Bey, le plus grand poète et auteur satirique d’Ād̲h̲arbayd̲j̲ān dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle. Il naquit probablement en 1786 à Penāhābād dans le k̲h̲ānat de Ḳarabāg̲h̲ (maintenant S̲h̲ūs̲h̲a, Nagorno-Karabak̲h̲skaya Avtonom. Oblast). Il appartenait au clan des Ḏj̲awāns̲h̲īr, famille célèbre de beys. Dans sa poésie satirique, il s’attaqua impitoyablement au fanatisme religieux des Mollās aussi bien qu’à la corruption et à toutes les sortes d’abus perpétrés par la beyzāde — l’aristocratie locale — et par les fonctionnaires de l’administration tsari…

Source: Encyclopédie de l’Islam

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Āk̲h̲und-Zāda

Ḏh̲ākir

Āk̲h̲und-zāda

Ḏh̲ākir