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La Chaise, François d'Aix de

(253 words)

Author(s): Geiss, Peter
[German Version] (Aug 25, 1624, Château d'Aix, Département Loire – Jan 20, 1709, Paris), S.J., was the father confessor of King Louis XIV for many years. After attending the Jesuit college in Roanne, La Chaise entered the Jesuit novitiate in Avignon in 1639. In 1668, he assumed the directorship of the college in Grenoble and became provincial of Lyon in 1674. In 1675, Louis XIV appointed him royal councilor and made him his personal father confessor at court, where La Chaise soon obtained the conf…

Louis XIV

(240 words)

Author(s): Geiss, Peter
[German Version] (Sep 5, 1638, Saint-Germain-en-Laye – Sep 1, 1715, Versailles), king of France from 1643. Louis's youth was marked by a revolt of the nobility and the Paris Parlement against Cardinal J. Mazarin, who reigned until 1661 on behalf of the king, who was still in his minority. Victory over this “Fronde” in 1653 laid the groundwork for French high absolutism, of ¶ which Louis, the “Sun King,” was virtually the ideal embodiment. Besides the continued expansion of a centralized administration, persecution of Protestants and Jansenists (Jansenism), c…