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Your search for 'dc_creator:( "Herbert Kalb" ) OR dc_contributor:( "Herbert Kalb" )' returned 33 results. Modify search
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Jurisprudence
(3,633 words)
The main focus of attention in a terminological definition of legal science – insofar as its scientific character is not denied in principle – is the juridical method. As K. Larenz, for example, asserts in his influential
…
Date:
2016-10-18
Urban Codes
(2,810 words)
Along with the "medieval agricultural revolution," the 11th/12th centuries also saw the inception of an "urban revolution." A new urban culture came into being, defined b…
Date:
2016-10-18
Regional Civil Codes
(2,524 words)
Regional civil codes (
Landrechte) comprise in the broadest sense a further developed form of tribal law, discussed by legal historians in terms of constitutional processes associated with the development…
Date:
2016-10-18
Law
(2,371 words)
From the standpoint of modern legal theory, the concept of a legal order depends on three conditions: it must be understood as a prescriptive system, as a system that has to be consciously created and amended, and as a system distinct from other prescriptive requirements, such as moral or ethical rules. A naive backward projection of such "ready-to-hand principles" drawn from current law leads to anachronisms that render an adequate understanding of "medieval law" largely impossible. A number of current academic controversies, relating to such themes as "guten, alten Rechts" (F. Kern), the validity problem, the typology of the body of legal sources, and the concept of law itself, are contingent upon a variety of "instrumentalizations." In order, however, to pursue any meaningful discourse at all with respect of the history of law, it is impossible to avoid a degree of anticipation from the vantage point of present-day legal conceptualizations. If openly entered into, such an orientation on modern conceptual criteria of law does not lead to unconsidered anachronisms and a focusing of present-day motifs onto the Middle …
Date:
2016-10-17
Customary Law
(2,112 words)
In 1916 and 1919, F. Kern published two articles in the
…
Date:
2016-10-17
Legal Traditions
(816 words)
As late as 1356, in the description of the rights of the count palatinate of the Rhine as arch-steward of the empire and those of the duke of Saxony as high marshal of the empire, the
Golden Bull focuses on the …
Date:
2016-08-09
Regalia and Regalian Rights
(1,437 words)
Legal historians describe regalia as the embodiment of sovereign rights and prerogatives. The main turning point in the development of the concept of regalia came with the differentiation between the …
Date:
2016-10-18
Judicial Systems
(1,152 words)
The many-layered and fragmented nature of the judicial system of the Middle Ages was intimately bound to the current degree of "statehood," and consequently a reflection of the prevailing "constitutional law."…
Date:
2016-10-18
Privilege
(1,574 words)
The conceptualization of privilege was immensely difficult for the predominantly oral culture prior to the 12t…
Date:
2016-10-17
Contracts
(1,636 words)
Law is "created" by contract. Legally binding rules are established for th…
Date:
2016-08-09
Penal System
(1,501 words)
The central issue as regards the historical development of the "penal system" is t…
Date:
2016-10-18
Legal Structures
(783 words)
In 1956, in his short
Geschichte der Gesetzgebung in Deutschland (History of Legislation in Germany), W. Ebel expounded an influential typology of medieval law, proposing that the ruling (
…
Date:
2016-10-17
Abbreviatoren
(267 words)
Abbreviatoren - Katholisch Seit dem 13. Jh. wurden den Notaren der päpstlichen Kanzlei Hilfskräfte beigegeben, die sog. A. (auch Breviatoren). Sie erstellten die Konzepte für die zu erlassenden Ausfertigungen (minutae) u. kontrollierten die Reinschrift im Hinblick auf Wortlaut (prima visio) u. Rechtsinhalt (iudicatura). Diese zunächst privat angestellten Bediensteten traten um die Mitte des 15. Jh. durch einen dem Vizekanzler zu leistenden Eid in ein amtl. Verhältnis. Die A. des Vizekanzlers wurden als Kanzlei-A., jene der Notare als Notar-A. bez. (Notar). Let…