Search

Roman plebeian nomen gentile, probably not from faber (‘smith’), but from Etruscan hapre like Faberius and others. [1; 2]. Perhaps the family immigrated to Rome [3], in the 3rd cent. BC it became part of the nobility with F. [I 3] but was unable to maintain this status in the 2nd cent. In Rome there was a compitum Fabricium (Fest. 180L) or a vicus Fabrici (ILS 6073) between Caelius and Palatine, perhaps named after the place of residence of F. [I 3] [4], and the pons Fabricius,  F. [I 1]. I. Republican period [German version] [1] F., L. People's tribune 62 BC In 62 BC probably people's trib…

[German version] [1] C. S. Paullinus A senator, already of praetorian rank in AD 42, thus born AD 11 at the latest (Cass. Dio 60,9). As legate to Claudius [III 1], he founded his reputation as a military commander by penetrating deep into Moorish territory across the Atlas in 42. As Tacitus (Hist. 2,37,1) calls him vetustissimus consularium, his consulate probably dates from before 45. It is uncertain whether he accompanied Claudius to Britannia in 43. Probably in 58 he took over the governorship of Britannia from Q. Veranius [1. 765 f.]. He conquered…

Old and frequently attested Roman nomen gentile (Schulze, 242; 425). I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] T., T. As praef. of the Pompeians, he took part in the fortification of Curubis in c. 47 BC (ILS 5319). Bartels, Jens (Bonn) [German version] [I 2] T. Damio Owned a vestibulum (hallway) on the via Sacra in Rome into which Cicero fled from P. Clodius [I 4] in 57 BC (Cic. Att. 4,3,3). Bartels, Jens (Bonn) II. Imperial period [German version] [II 1] C. T. Africanus Cassianus Priscus Eques, from Asisium. Under Vespasianus praefectus vigilum and praefectus annonae; under Titus [II …

Roman family name, probably derived from, and in manuscripts often confused with, Geminus (Schulze 108). I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] G. Friend of Pompey Friend of Pompey, on whose orders he murdered M. Iunius Brutus in 77 BC (Plut. Pompeius 2,6; 16,6). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 2] G. Friend des M. Antonius Friend of the triumvir Marcus Antonius [I 9], who tried in vain to persuade the latter to return to Rome in 32 BC and become reconciled with Octavian (Plut. Antonius 59,1). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) II. Imperial period [German version] [II 1]…

Roman family name, from the frequent place name Luca. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] L., M. Companion of Pompey Strabo before Asculum in 89 BC Young companion of Pompeius Strabo before Asculum in 89 BC (ILLRP 515, I. 10; Social Wars [3]), perhaps son of the legate Lucanus, named in Livy for the same year (Liv. Per. 75). Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) [German version] [I 2] L., Q. Centurion of Caesar, fell in 54 BC as primus pilus Aduatuca Centurion of Caesar, fell in 54 BC as primus pilus in Aduatuca (Caes. B. Gall. 5,35,7). Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) II. Imperial period [German version] [II 1] L. …

[German version] [1] A., M. Tribunus plebis 401 BC Tribunus plebis 401 BC (MRR 1, 84). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] A. Rufus Supporter of Pompeius supporter of Pompeius (Caes. B Civ. 3,83,2). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [3] A. Nerva, Q. Cos. suff. in AD 100 cos. suff. in AD 100, probably identical to the governor of Lower Germany in 101/102 (CIL XIII 7697; 7715 f.; FOst 45; PIR2 A 101 [1]). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 Eck, 161 f.

Italic personal name, historically attested since the 1st cent. BC (ThlL, Onom. 3,70). [German version] [1] Decidius Saxa, L. People's tribune 44 BC born in Spain (according to Cic. Phil. 11,5,12), but probably of Italic descent, he fought against the Pompeians in Spain in 49 BC (Caes. B Civ. 1,66,3) and in 45 probably against Pompeius' sons. Designated people's tribune by Caesar for 44, he joined M. Antonius [I 9] after Caesar's death and became a member of a commission for the distribution of land to veterans (MRR 2…

Roman gentilicium. [German version] [1] M., friend of Catullus (1st cent. BC) M., friend of Catullus (Carm. 68 is dedicated to him). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] Bala, C., mint master in 92 BC Bala, C., mint master in 92 BC (RRC 336). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [3] Fuscianus, cos. suff. (around 160 AD) Fuscianus, C., praetorian governor of Arabia around AD 160 and cos. suff. (PIR2 A 544) [1]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [4] Fuscus, governor (end of 2nd cent. AD) Fuscus, C., son of no. 3, consular governor of Germania Inferior, p…

[German version] [1] Caelius Sabinus, Cn. Suffect consul in AD 69. Very influential jurist at the time of Vespasian (Dig. 1,2,2,53); successor to  Cassius Longinus as head of the Sabinian law school, he wrote a commentary Ad edictum aedilium curulium. Giaro, Tomasz (Frankfurt/Main) Bibliography R. A. Bauman, Lawyers and Politics in the Early Roman Empire, 1989, 142ff. 2 PIR I2 1194. [German version] [2] Iunius A. Rusticus, Q. Cos. suff. 92 AD In AD 66 as tribunus plebis he wanted to intercede in the Senate on behalf of Thrasea (Tac. Ann. 16,26,4f.); 70 praetor, 92 suffect consul (AE 1…

[German version] [1] Wife of Caesar Daughter of L. Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus (Suet. Iul. 21). On the Ides of March AD 44, she pleaded urgently with her husband Caesar to stay away from the Senate session (Suet. Iul. 81,3; Plut. Caes. 63,8-12; Cass. Dio 44,17,1; Val. Max. 1,7,2; Vell. Pat. 2,57,2). Caesar had married the 18-year-old for political reasons in 59 BC (Plut. Caes. 14,8; Pomp. 47,10; App. B Civ. 2,51; Cass. Dio 38,9,1, [1. 75 A.46]). Their marriage remained childless [2. 466]. After Caesar's death, C. transferred his assets to Mark Antony (Plut. Ant. 15; App. B Civ. 2,524). Stroth…

Rare Roman family name. We know of a C.N. Vala, who as IIIvir monetalis in 41 BC minted aurei and denarii (RRC 514; see under N. [1]). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [1] N. Vala Addressee of Hor. epist. 1, 15 Horace wrote to him around 20 BC (Hor. Epist. 1,15). Possibly identifiable with the C.N. Vala, who in 41 AD is documented as mint master (RRC 1, 522f. No. 514). PIR2 N 243; 244. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] C.N.Vala Legate of Q. Varus in Germania Legate of Quinctilius Varus on the latter's last campaign through Germania; N. fled with the cavalry in…

Italic family name (Schulze, 483), attested in Campania from the 3rd cent., in Rome for plebeians from the 2nd cent. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] C., C. Praetor c. 104 BC Praetor and probably proconsul of Macedonia or Asia around 104 BC (MRR 1,560). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 2] C. (Clovius), C. Mint master 45 BC Mint master in 45 BC (RRC 476) and at the same time Caesar's prefect, probably responsible for land allotments in Gallia Cisalpina (Cic. Fam. 13,7; MRR 2,313); further identification, especially with the C.C. mentioned in the so-called …

Common cognomen (‘the lisper’), e.g. in the gens Gellia, Naevia, Iunia, Pedia, Sallustia, Sentia, Sempronia. [German version] [1] Freund of Atedius Melior, Senator, died 90 AD Friend of Atedius Melior, probably a senator; died before AD 90 (Stat. 2,1,189ff.). A link with P. Sallustius Lucullus remains uncertain, cf. [1. 12f., 334ff.]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 Scheid, Collège. [German version] [2] Roman jurist Jurist, probably a student with  Labeo of Trebatius (cf. Dig. 33,2,31). Identification with Q. Iunius B. (cos. suff. AD 10) is questionable. Eder, Walter (Ber…

(also Vinnius). Roman gentile , recorded from the 1st cent. BC onwards (Schulze, 380; 425). I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] V. (Rufus?), T. was proscribed in 43 BC, but was rescued by his wife Tanusia and his freed slave V. [I 2] and then pardoned (App. B Civ. 4,187; Cass. Dio 47,7,4 f.; Suet. Augustus 27,2). He is presumably the grandfather of T. V. [II 1] (Tac. Hist. 1,48,2: incorrectly maternus avus), who attained a praetorship. V. may also be identical to the VIIIvir (Octoviri) T. V. Rufus from Amiternum, which is presumably where the family was then from (ILS 3701). Barte…

Roman gens name (Schulze, 429), sometimes confused with T(h)oranius. [German version] [1] T., C. Praetor in 44 BC (Cic. Phil. 3,25). He was presumably proscribed and killed at his son's instigation (Val. Max. 9,11,5; App. B Civ. 4,71). Not identical with the also outlawed (Suet. Aug. 27; App. B Civ. 4,47) guardian of Augustus, C. Toranius. Bartels, Jens (Bonn) [German version] [2] C. T. Gracilis Eques from Gades (modern Cadiz) (Plin. HN 3,3). He had the confidence of Augustus, who made him praef. Aegypti, recorded between 7 and 4 BC [1. 475]. In AD 14, at the time of Aug…

Roman gens name (probably Etruscan root), encountered in the late Republic and early Imperial period, it is however rather rare. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] L. Regulus, L. Acquaintance of Cicero, who probably shared Cicero's banishment to Greece in 58 BC Acquaintance of Cicero, of about the same age, who around 58 BC probably shared Cicero's banishment to Greece (Cic. Att. 3,17,1; Cic. Fam. 13,60,1). The year of his service as praetor, deduced from coinage of his son L. [I 2], remains unclear. MRR 2,464. Frigo, Thomas (Bonn) [German version] [I 2] L. Regulus, L. Partici…

[German version] [1] Friend of the poet Tibullus Friend of the poet  Tibullus, to whom he dedicated elegiae 2 and 3 of his 2nd book. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] Cornutus Aquila Governor of Galatia 6 BC Praetorian imperial governor of Galatia in 6 BC [1. 253]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [3] Cognomen of many senators Cognomen of many senators (PIR2 II p. 375). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 Thomasson, I. [German version] [4] L. Annaeus Cornutus. Stoic philosopher and scholar, 1st cent. AD (First name only in Charisius, Gramm. 162,9). Born in Lepti…

Uncommon Roman family name; a few gentiles are identifiable as merchants in Greece (Delos, Asia Minor) during the later Republican period, e.g. a M.M. who died in Elis (Cic. fam. 5,20,2; 20,8; 13,26,2; 28,2). [German version] [1] M. Marcellus, M. Officer of the fleet from 38 BC From Velitrae, the home of Octavian ( Augustus), whom M. probably knew from his youth (App. civ. 5,422). Speculated in property with the encouragement of Caesar (Cic. fam. 15,17,2). Under the latter's adoptive son Octavian, a career as officer of the fleet from 38 BC:…

[German version] [1] P., Sextus Elegiac poet, 1st cent. BC Roman elegiac poet. Neumeister, Christoff (Frankfurt/Main) [German version] I. Biography P. was born around the middle of the 1st cent. BC in the Umbrian town of Asisium (modern Assisi) (Lachmann inferred the name of his place of birth by conjecture from Prop. 4,1,125; it is confirmed by numerous inscriptions of the Propertii family found in the area). Notable events in his youth include the early death of his father (4,1,127 f.), the Perusine War (1,21 f.;…

Italic family name [1], which first appears in senatorial circles at the end of the 1st cent. BC. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] Two brothers who were fairly well known publishers at the time of Horace (Hor. Epist. 1,20,2; 2,3,345). Bartels, Jens (Bonn) [German version] [I 2] S., C. First attested by the coins he minted in 39 BC as quaestor of Antony [I 9] (BMCRR 2,504), for whom he was governor of Syria and Cilicia from 38 BC. With Herod [1] he successfully fought Antigonus [5] who had been installed in Iudaea by the Parthians (…

Italian nomen gentile, derived from Salvidius. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] Q. S. Rufus Salvius Before Agrippa, Octavian's principal commander (second cognomen indication of adoption or standardized form of S.? [1. 375]), Roman knight (Vell. Pat. 2,76,4; legendary Cass. Dio 48,33,2), friend of the young Octavian (Augustus [1]) and his principal commander before Agrippa. S., then possibly an officer in Caesar's army [1. 398], was in Apollonia with Octavian in 45-44 BC and was his adviser after Caesar's d…

[German version] [1] Roman orator, Augustan period One of the leading orators of the Augustan period (Sen. Controv. 2,5,17), died in 9 BC (Jer. Chron. p. 167 H.), a friend of the Elder Seneca (Sen. Controv. 3, pref. 10). Nothing survives of his speeches, but Seneca quotes highlights from his declamations, whose aridity apparently detracted from their success (Sen. Controv. 3, pref. 10f.; 10, pref. 11). Schmidt, Peter L. (Constance) Bibliography J. Fairweather, Seneca the Elder, 1981 (Index 400). [German version] [2] L. P. Rufus Son of the orator P. [1]. He entered the Senate as a homo nov…

(Ἄντεια; Ánteia). [German version] [1] Daughter of the king of Lydia Daughter of the king of Lycia (Iobates or Amphianax, Apollod. 2,25), wife of  Proetus, ruler of Tiryns, to whom Bellerophon slandered her because he did not want to requite her love (Hom. Il. 6,160 ff.). From the tragedians on, she is called  Stheneboea (Apollod. 2,25). Graf, Fritz (Columbus, OH) [German version] [2] Wife of the younger Helvidius Priscus Wife of the younger Helvidius Priscus (Plin. Ep. 9,13,4 f.); possibly mother of the child of Helvidius mentioned in Plin. epist. 4,21 (Raepsaet-Charlier, no. 68). Eck…

Gens name of Oscan origin. During the Republican period there is evidence of individuals bearing this name in Campania (e.g. ILS 5347) and in the Greek areas (IG XII 9,845). I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] M., C. Tribune of the plebs 57 BC, called for Cicero's return from exile In 57 BC as people's tribune, M. called for Cicero's return from exile (initially without success: Cic. P. red. in sen. 21). Partisan of Pompey (Cic. Att. 4,1,7; 8,11D,2). 55 (plebeian?) aedile (organizer of the Floralia : Val. Max. 2,10,8). In 54 subsequently discovered…

Name of an Italic gens of Etruscan origin [1. 93; 228]. I. Republican Period [German version] [I 1] S., L. Senator in 63 BC, obtained evidence against the Catilinarian Manlius [I 1] Senator (from Etruria?) in 63 BC, who obtained evidence from Faesulae against the Catilinarian Manlius [I 1] (Sall. Catil. 30,1). Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) [German version] [I 2] S., L. Consul suffectus, 30 BC Probably a son of S. [I 1], possibly recorded as a senator in 39 BC (MRR 3,34). In 30 he became cos. suff. with Octavian (Augustus: InscrIt 13,1,510), possibly as a reward for his services against…

I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] Poet and critic of Virgil, Augustean period Supposedly a poet (Porph. in Hor. Sat. 2,3,239) of the Augustean period, brother of Bavius, with whom he allegedly quarreled over a woman (Domitius Marsus fr. 1 M.). M was a critic of Virgil (Serv. Georg. 1,210), which made the poets of the circle around Maecenas count him among their opponents (Verg. Ecl. 3,90; Hor. Epod. 10; Domitius Marsus fr. 5 M.). Some notes may have been obtained from Suet. De poetis via the life of Domitius [III 2] Marsus. The possibility of guild banter can not be excluded. Schmidt, P…

I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] Mother of the Gracchi Younger daughter of P. Cornelius Scipio Africanus and Aemilia Tertia, b. c. 190 BC; c. 176/5 she married Tiberius  Sempronius Gracchus. Of her 12 children only three survived early childhood: Tiberius, Gaius and Sempronia. C. is known as ‘Mother of the Gracchi’ (CIL VI 31610), with whose politics she was already associated in antiquity [1. 108-120; 127; 2. 48-89]. In a partly popular, partly elite tradition, the sources give an uneven picture of C.'s views and influence. She…

Italic personal name [1. 184, 359]. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] Nephew of C. Marius [I 1] Son of the sister of C. Marius [I 1], military tribune in the Cimbrian War in Gaul. When attempting to rape a young soldier, he was stabbed by the latter, but the perpetrator was acquitted by the military tribunal because he had been defending himself (Cic. Mil. 9 with Schol. Bobiensia 114 Stangl; Val. Max. 6,1,12; Plut. Marius 14,4-9). This acquittal was a popular theme in Roman rhetoric instruction (Cic. Inv. 2,124; Quint. Inst. 3,11,14 et passim). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) II. Imper…

[German version] [1] Mother of Cicero Mother of Cicero, never mentioned by him, described by his brother as a painstaking housewife (Cic. Fam. 16,26,2), led a blameless life (Plut. Cicero 1,1). Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) [German version] [2] Wife of Seneca the Elder, 1st cent. AD Wife of Seneca the Elder whom she lost in AD 40 (Sen. Dial. 12,2,4; 19,4).  Seneca the Younger, one of her three sons, wrote for her in exile the consolatory discourse Ad Helviam. PIR2 H 78. Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) [German version] [3] Sister-in-law of Seneca the Elder, 1st cent. AD Elder sister of H. [2]. Her…

Name of an Italian gens, a variant of Pacuvius [1. 476]. [German version] [1] Paquuius Rufus, Q. Legate of M. Antonius in 42 BC Legate of M. Antonius [I 9] in 42 BC, he conducted a colony of veterans to Philippi (MRR 2, 366). P. was presumably from Verulae (cf. NSA 1922, 253f.). Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) [German version] [2] Paquius Paquius Scaeva Senator in the Augustan Period From Histonium. He was presumably brought into the Senate by Octavian (Augustus). P.'s career, which is described in detail and reflects the still extant flexibility in the awarding of off…

[German version] [1] Possibly daughter of Q. Marcius Philippus (cos. 281 BC) Possibly daughter of Q. Marcius [I 16] Philippus ( cos. 281 BC), wife of M. Atilius [I 21] Regulus, mother of two sons (Sil. Pun. 6,403-409; 576). As a widow she allegedly took revenge on two Carthaginians who had promised to protect her husband (Diod. Sic. 24,12; HRR I 144f. fr. 5). Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) [German version] [2] Grandmother of Caesar According to Suet. Iul. 6,1 from the royal family of the Marcii Reges, grandmother of Caesar. Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) [German version] [3] Probably daughter of…

Commonly occurring cognomen (cf. PIR2 2, 145-147). [German version] [1] C. Friend of Ovid, c. 0 AD Friend of Ovid and of Aurelius Cotta Maximus; Ovid consoles Cotta on the death of C. (Pont. 1,9) [1. 90]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] C. Eques from Alba Pompeia, c. 100 AD Eques from Alba Pompeia, admitted to the Senate by Trajan (CIL V 7153; PIR2 C 647). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [3] C. Conspirator against Antoninus Pius (?), 2nd cent. AD Supposed conspirator against Antoninus Pius; fictitious letter in SHA Avid. Cass. 10,1. (PIR2 C 644). Eck, Werner (Cologne) …

[German version] [1] Mother-in-law to Ti. Sempronius Gracchus Wife of Ap. Claudius Pulcher ( cos. 143 BC) and mother-in-law to Ti. Sempronius Gracchus (Plut. Ti. Gracch. 4,3). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] First wife of Pompey First wife of Pompey, who separated from her at Sulla's behest in 82 BC (Plut. Pomp. 4,9). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [3] Politta Daughter of L.  Antistius [II 12] Vetus (middle of the 1st cent. AD) Daughter of L.  Antistius [II 12] Vetus, and wife of Rubellius Plautus, who was banished to Asia for associ…

[German version] [2] Leader of the rebellious Jews in 115 AD in Cyrenaica (Greek Lukuas, Λουκούας/ Loukoúas). According to Eusebius (Hist. eccl. 4,2,3-234), leader of the rebellious Jews in AD 115 in the Cyrenaica, from where he penetrated into the Thebaid in Egypt; allegedly proclaimed king. In the Christian tradition he generally bears the name Lucas; probably the Andreas mentioned in Cassius Dio (68,32,1) is identical with him. The rebellion was finally suppressed by Q. Marcius [II 14] Turbo. PIR2 L 351. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography M. Pucci, La rivolta ebraica al tempo d…

[German version] [1] Half-sister of M. Porcius [I 7] Cato, 1st cent. BC Born in c. 100 BC, daughter of Q. Servilius [I 13] Caepio and Livia [1], half-sister of M. Porcius [I 7] Cato. In c. 85, she married M. Iunius [I 9] Brutus (d. in 77) and became the mother of the future murderer of Caesar, M. Iunius [I 10] Brutus. S.'s second husband, the lacklustre D. Iunius [I 30] Silanus with whom she had three daughters probably owed his consulate to her. The intelligent, independent and poised woman who remained close to Caesar even aft…

I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] Legate of Q. Cornificius [3] in Africa vetus, killed in 42 BC in the battle against T. Sextius [I 2] (App. B Civ. 4,228; 236). Perhaps the V. who was proscribed in 43 and fled ( ibid. 4,198). Fündling, Jörg (Bonn) [German version] [I 2] V., P. Presumed father of V. [I 3]. Scholarship often saw him as an Italic leader in the Social War [3], settled in Asculum, where he was said to have died with the entire local nobility in 89 BC (Oros. 5,18,26; cf. CIL IX 5254: freedman of a P. V.). However, Ventidii…

Uncommon Roman gens name, possibly of Etruscan origin (Schulze, 405). I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] V. Rufus, L. Follower and close confidant of Cn. Pompeius [I 3] Magnus, from no later than 49 BC his praefectus [8] fabrum. In 56 BC he was sent to Cicero to stop him resisting Caesar's land distribution in Campania (Cic. Fam. 1,9,10); in 54 he was a courier for Caesar (Cic. Ad Q. fr. 3,1,18). At the outbreak of the civil war in 49 BC he was sent to Picenum to enlist troops for Pompey (Caes. B Civ. 1,15,4). He took over…

[German version] [1] Granddaughter of Sulla, second wife of Casesar Granddaughter of Cornelius [I 90] Sulla, sister of Q. Pompeius [I 6] Rufus. From 67 BC onwards, the second wife of Caesar (Plut. Caesar 5). Within the context of the Bona Dea scandal, Caesar separated from her in 62, alleging that he suspected P. of infidelity (Cic. Att. 1,13,3; Plut. Caesar 10,8-9; Plut. Cicero 29,9; Suet. Iul. 6,3; 74,2; Cass. Dio 37,45,2). Stegmann, Helena (Bonn) [German version] [2] Daughter of Pompeius Magnus Daughter of Pompeius [I 3] Magnus and Mucia Tertia, married to Faustus Cornel…

Cognomen, the origin of which is given in a story by Plutarch (Coriolanus 11,4); also a nickname [1. 66,248]. [German version] [1] Military tribune Military tribune who intervened in Judaea against internal Jewish disturbances. Sent for judgement to Rome, he was returned to Jerusalem by the emperor and there beheaded (Ios. Ant. Iud. 20,132-136; Bell. Iud. 2,244-246). PIR C 617. Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) [German version] [2] Legatus iuridicus 92 AD In AD 92 legatus Augusti pro praetore Hispaniae cit. or legatus iuridicus (Mart. 7,52,1-4). PIR C 620. Strothmann, Meret (Bochum) …

[German version] [1] King of the  Suessiones and commander-in-chief of the coalition of Belgic tribes against Caesar in 57 BC. Following his victory over the Belgae and the capture of  Noviodunum, the main town of the Suessiones, Caesar took two of G.'s son as hostages (Caes. B Gall. 2,4,7; 2,13,1; Cass. Dio 39,1,2). ‘Galba’ appears frequently as a cognomen of the Roman gens Sulpicia, but its Celtic origin (Suet. Galba 3,1) is not certain [1. 1621ff.; 2. 349-350]. Spickermann, Wolfgang (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Holder 1 2 Evans. [German version] [2] Rom. emperor AD 68-9 Roman emperor f…

Latin name with Etruscan parallels [1] (regarding distribution see ThLL 2,211). I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] Tribunus plebis 449 BC C., people's tribune in 449 BC after the end of the Decemvirate (Liv. 3,54,13). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 2] Cn. 3rd cent. BC as a former aedile he was extradited by Rome in 266 with his colleague Q. Fabius because of a physical attack on a delegation from Apollonia, but then was returned by that city (MRR 1,201). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 3] Q. Tax collector of verres in Sicily One of Verres' ta…

Plebeian family, attested since the 3rd cent. BC (ThlL, Onom. 2,663f.). I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] C., C. Commander in the Social War in Apulia 89 BC Fought successfully in 89 BC in the Social War in Apulia (as praetor or legate?, Liv. Per. 75), proconsul in Illyria from 78-76 (Cic. Clu. 97 etc.); perhaps identical with the C. mentioned in Valerius Maximus(8,1 para. 8). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 2] C., C. Praetor 63 BC, record-keeper during the case against the Catilinarians As praetor he was in 63 BC the record-keeper during the Senate d…

Name of an important family in Arretium (Schulze, 149); involved in a dispute with the town's citizens in 302 BC (Liv. 10,3,2 i.a.). Augustus called  Maecenas a Cilnian, which presumably only referred to his maternal ancestors (Macrob. Sat. 2,4,12). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [1] C. Proculus, C. Cos. suff. 87 AD From Arretium. Cos. suff. in AD 87 (AE 1949, 23). Father of C. [2]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] C. Proculus, C. Senator, governor, c. 100 AD Senator from Arretium (CIL XI 1833 and AE 1926, 123 belong together: [1. 239ff.] = AE 1985,…

Honorary name that replaced the older form Asiagenus/-genes in the Augustan period, common among the Cornelii Scipiones, in the Imperial period also among the Valerians; first adopted as a victor's title by P.  Cornelius Scipio Asiagenus ( cos. 190), then continued by his descendants. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [1] Aristocrat from Gaul (died 69 AD) Aristocrat from Gaul ( dux Galliarum), who fought for Julius Vindex in AD 68; executed by  Vitellius upon the soldiers' wish in 69 (Tac. Hist. 2,94,2; PIR2 A 1215). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] Valerius Asi…

Italian family name (possibly originating in Etruria, Schulze, 112, 170), attested from the 1st cent. BC but not of any significance until the 2nd cent. AD. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [1] Sex. E. Clarus Partaker in the Parthian War of Trajan Son of the E. Clarus named in Pliny (Ep. 2,9,4), grandson of the later Praetorian prefect Septicius Clarus; father or grandfather of E. [2]. Pliny supported him in the early stages of his career. He took part in Trajan's Parthian War, in which he conquered Seleucia probably in AD …

Latin family name, derived from the Oscan praenomen Ovius. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] People's tribune before 312 BC, author of the Lex Ovinia People's tribune before 312 BC and author of the Lex Ovinia, which entrusted the censors with keeping the roll of senators (Fest. 290 L.). MRR 1,158. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) II. Imperial period [German version] [II 1] L.O.Curius Proculus Modianus Africanus 3rd cent. AD official Cos. suff. probably in the 1st half of the 3rd cent. AD (CIL VI 1479 = ILS 8093 = CIL VI Suppl. VIII ad 1479). PIR2 O 185. Eck, Werner (Cologne) …

[German version] [1] Equestrian military tribune in the Syrian army (1st cent. AD) Equestrian military tribune in the Syrian army, sent by the governor of Syria, Cestius [II 3] Gallus, against the rebellious Jews in AD 66. From 67, he served under Vespasian (Vespasianus) in the same capacity, fighting the Jewish military commander Flavius Iosephus [4] on several occasions, the last in 67, when the city of Iotapata was conquered (Jos. BI 3,144; 323-326). The last reference to him is from  68, when he subjugated Transjordanian Perea (Jos. BI 4,419-439). PIR2 P 437. Eck, Werner (Cologne) …

[German version] [1] Vestalis maxima probably 178 BC Vestalis maxima probably 178 BC (Obseq. 8; Val. Max. 1,1,6-7; Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 2,68,3-5 [1]). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] Vestal, died 114 BC Vestal, condemned in a sensational trial and executed in 114 BC, because of incest, with other colleagues (MRR 1,534; 537). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [3] Wife of Pompey Daughter of M. Aemilius Scaurus (cos. 115 BC), first married to M'. Acilius Glabrio (cos. 67), forced by Sulla 82 (?) to marry Pompey (Plut. Sull. 33,4; Pompon. 9,1). Elvers, Karl-Lu…

[German version] [1] Ferryman from Lesbos (Φάων/ Pháōn, ‘ the radiant’). Ferryman from Lesbos who carries Aphrodite in the guise of an old woman, from Lesbos to the mainland without a charge. In reward, she gives him a rejuvenating and beautifying ointment. This story of the origin of P.'s radiant beauty only appears in later sources (Ael. VH 12,18; Serv. Aen. 3,279; Palaephatus 48; Lucian. Dialogi mortuorum 19(2),2 ). Initially, he is primarily encountered in comedy: Cratinus (PCG IV fr. 370) presents hi…

[German version] [1] 1st-cent. Roman jurist First-cent. AD Roman jurist, probably a pupil of Sabinus (Dig. 12,1,22), whose tradition he continues in a collection of responses [1] or a commentary [2]. Apart from a citation in Sex. Pomponius (Dig. 19,1,6,4), this work is known only through an extract annotated by Salvius Iulianus [1] ( Ex Minicio). Giaro, Tomasz (Frankfurt/Main) Bibliography 1 E. Bund, Salvius Iulianus, in: ANRW II 15, 1976, 435f. 2 D. Liebs, in: HLL 4, 103. [German version] [2] M. Acilianus Praetor, AD 97 From Brixia, son of M. [7]. Of equestrian origin, admission…