Christian-Muslim Relations 1500 - 1900
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Subject: Middle East And Islamic Studies
General Editors: David Thomas and John Chesworth
Associate Editors: John Azumah, Clinton Bennett, Lejla Demiri, Martha Frederiks, Stanisław Grodź, Andrew Newman, Douglas Pratt
Christian-Muslim Relations, a Bibliographical History Online is a general history of relations between the two faiths as this is represented in works written by Christians and Muslims about the other and against the other. It covers all parts of the world in the period 1500-1914. Christian-Muslim Relations, a Bibliographical History Online comprises thousands of comprehensive entries on individual works and their authors, together with introductory essays to the periods and areas covered, making it the fullest available source in this field.
Subscriptions: Brill.com
Associate Editors: John Azumah, Clinton Bennett, Lejla Demiri, Martha Frederiks, Stanisław Grodź, Andrew Newman, Douglas Pratt
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Christian-Muslim Relations, a Bibliographical History Online is a general history of relations between the two faiths as this is represented in works written by Christians and Muslims about the other and against the other. It covers all parts of the world in the period 1500-1914. Christian-Muslim Relations, a Bibliographical History Online comprises thousands of comprehensive entries on individual works and their authors, together with introductory essays to the periods and areas covered, making it the fullest available source in this field.
Subscriptions: Brill.com
Gabaaseba Tʻeimurazisa da Rustʻvelisa
(554 words)
Tʻeimuraziani, Cʻxovreba mepʻisa Tʻeimuraz pirvelisa'Dialogue between Tʻeimuraz and Rustʻveli'‘The lay of Tʻeimuraz’, ‘The life of Tʻeimuraz I’
Archʻil II Bagrationi Date: 1681-5 Original Language: Georgian
Description
Gabaaseba Tʻeimurazisa da Rustʻvelisa (‘Dialogue between Tʻeimuraz and Rustʻveli’) is a historical poem dedicated to the king and poet Tʻeimuraz I. It is also known as
Tʻeimuraziani (‘The lay of Tʻeimuraz’). It comprises 1,133 stanzas in the edition by R. Baramiże (1989), of which 950 cover the one hundred years of Georgian histo…
Gabriel de Chinon
(980 words)
Date of Birth: Early 1610 Place of Birth: Presumably Chinon, France Date of Death: 13 October 1668 Place of Death: Aparan, Armenia
Biography Gabriel de Chinon was baptised in the parish of Saint-Etienne in Chinon on 4 June 1610 (Grimaud, 'Les auteurs Chinonais du XVIIe siècle', p. 26), but little is known about his early life, not even his full name or date and place of birth. He joined the Franciscan Capuchin order in Touraine in 1635, and travelled to Mosul and Baghdad before settling in Isfahan, in the Armenian quarter of New Julfa, ar…
Gabriel Naudé
(862 words)
Date of Birth: 2 or 3 February 1600 Place of Birth: Paris Date of Death: 29 July 1653 Place of Death: Abbeville
Biography Gabriel Naudé studied humanities and medicine in Paris, at the school of Jean-Cécile Frey, Claude Bélurgey and René Moreau. During this period he was already close to Guy Patin, a doctor famous for his free thinking. He soon became the librarian of the president of the Parliament, Henri II de Mesmes, and published his
Advis pour dresser une bibliothèque in 1627. He had already gained a reputation through several earlier publications:
Le Marfore, ou Discours contre l…
Gabriel Sionita
(960 words)
Jibrāʾīl al-Ṣuhyūnī Date of Birth: About 1576/7 Place of Birth: Ehden, Lebanon Date of Death: 1648 Place of Death: Paris
BiographyGabriel Sionita was born in Ehden, northern Lebanon, around 1576/7. It is probably he who arrived at the College of the Neophytes in Rome on 14 December 1583 under the name of Gabriel Namae. He entered the Maronite College when it opened in 1584. In 1610, he obtained a doctorate in theology, and two years later he was ordained to the priesthood.In 1614, under the auspices of François Savary de Brèves (d. 1627), the former French ambassador to the …
Garcia de Orta, Garcia d'Orta
(288 words)
Garcia da Orta Date of Birth: About 1501 Place of Birth: Castelo de Vide, Portugal Date of Death: 1568 Place of Death: Goa, India
Biography Garcia da Orta was born into a Converso family of Jewish origins around the beginning of the 16th century in the south of Portugal near the Spanish border. He attended the universities of Salamanca and Alcalá de Henares and returned to Portugal sometime around 1523, where he practised medicine for a while before lecturing in the University of Lisbon. In 1534, he left Portugal in the fleet commanded …
Garcin de Tassy
(721 words)
Joseph Héliodore Sagesse Vertu Garcin de Tassy Date of Birth: 20 January 1794 Place of Birth: Marseille Date of Death: 2 September 1878 Place of Death: Paris
BiographyGarcin de Tassy was born in Marseille on 20 January 1794, during the French Revolution, which explains his unusual last three given names, ‘Héliodore Sagesse Vertu’. He inherited his first name, Joseph, from his father (Joseph Jacques Garcin), a commercial broker trading between France and the Arab world. His double surname combines those of his father (Garc…
Garmir lurer paregamēs
(2,009 words)
‘Red news from my friend’
Adom Earčanian Date: 1909 Original Language: Armenian
DescriptionThis collection of twelve poems presents a range of vignettes associated with the Cilician Massacres of April 1909 that began in the city of Adana and quickly spread to other parts of the Adana Vilayet, in which local Muslim groups attacked the Christian communities, primarily Armenian, but also Assyrian, and Greek, killing the population and pillaging and destroying their homes and property. The opening work is dated…
Gaspar Correia
(530 words)
Biography Gaspar Correia may have been born in 1492. By 1506 he may have been a member of King Manuel’s court. On 12 March 1512, he sailed to India and arrived at Goa on 15 August. Between 1512 and 1513, he worked as Afonso de Albuquerque’s secretary, accompanying him on the reconquest of Hormuz in September 1514, and witnessing his death on the return journey to Goa. In 1521, he followed Pêro Lopes de Sampaio in his voyage to the town of St Thomas of Meliapore in order to restore the chapel that had been erected at the place where St Thomas had reportedly lived. He remained there until 1524. Between 15…
Gaspar da Cruz
(962 words)
Biography Gaspar da Cruz was born in Évora, Portugal, at an unknown date, perhaps in the early 1520s. He was admitted to the Dominican Convent of Azeitão near Setúbal, where he completed his religious education and was probably ordained. No details are known about this period of his life. In 1548, he sailed to India with that year’s fleet from Portugal, with a group of Dominicans under the leadership of Fr Diogo Bermudez. They were travelling east in order to open up Dominican missionary stations…
Gaspar de Aguilar
(577 words)
Date of Birth: January 1561 Place of Birth: Valencia Date of Death: 26 July 1623 Place of Death: Valencia
Biography Gaspar Aguilar was one of the principle playwrights of the Valencian Golden Age. Baptised on 14 January 1561 in the Church of San Martín de Valencia, he was the son of a wealthy craftsman with expertise in braid-work. Nothing is known about his education, although some biographers suggest that it could have been conducted under the auspices of his godfathers, who were of noble extraction. The outlines…
Gaspar de Leão
(793 words)
Biography Gaspar de Leão was born into a family of the minor nobility of the Algarve, in the south of Portugal. He studied at the University of Salamanca and graduated in ecclesiastical law in 1536. This means that he would have been studying in Salamanca at the same time as leading thinkers on natural law, such as Francisco Vitoria, Domingo de Soto and Azpilcueta Navarro, were developing their ideas, and when their theses on
ius gentium (international law) were starting to be published and discussed. The influence of the thought of the Salamanca Law School is quite vi…
Gaspar de Sevilla
(575 words)
BiographyGaspar de Sevilla was a 17th-century priest from the Capuchin Province of Andalusia who came to occupy the position of provincial of Andalusia. Very little is known about him, except that he was among the first group of 14 Spanish Capuchin missionaries from the provinces of Andalusia and Castile sent by Propaganda Fide to work among ‘the heathen and the Muslims in Nigritas’. ‘Nigritas’ was the term used to designate the Guinea Coast from the Sahara desert in the north to present-day Sierra Leone in the south.The Capuchin missionaries reached the African coast on Christm…
Gavriēl, superior of Mount Athos
(926 words)
Gavriēl ho prōtos; Gavril Protul Date of Birth: Unknown; probably between 1470 and 1480 Place of Birth: Unknown Date of Death: Unknown; probably after 1548 Place of Death: Unknown; probably Mount Athos
Biography Gabriel’s origins are obscure. Some scholars argue that he was a Greek with a very good command of Church Slavonic, while others consider him a South-Slav (Serbian) with an excellent command of Greek. Nothing is known for certain about his family or early years. There is some evidence to indicate that he began his monas…
Gavriil, Metropolitan of Nazareth
(636 words)
Gavriil, Mitropolit Nazaretskii Date of Birth: Unknown Place of Birth: Possibly Greece Date of Death: Probably between 1652/3 and 1657 Place of Death: Jerusalem
Biography Gavriil was a 17th-century church and political figure of Greek origin, and an ecclesiastical author. Nothing is known of his life prior to his ordination and service in the Middle East. In the 1640s, he spent three years in one of the residences of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Egypt, where he took a vow of obedience. He was ordained as archbishop …
Geistliche Kriegsrüstung, wider den gemeinen Blutdurstigen Tyrannen, und Erbfeindt Christliches Namens, den Türcken
(2,294 words)
‘Spiritual armour, against the common bloodthirsty tyrant and arch-enemy of Christianity, the Turk’
Sebastianus Bruckensis, Sebastianus a Baden, Sebastianus von Baden, Sebastian II. Fuchs von Baden Date: 1595 Original Language: German
Description Sebastian von Baden published
Geistliche Kriegsrüstung in Bruck an der Thaya in 1595, to ‘test my newly established press’ (fol. 3v). The work is printed in quarto and consists of 130 folios, with each folio numbered consecutively on its recto side. Its full title is
Geistliche Kriegsrüstung, wider den gemeinen Blutdurstigen …
Genealogia Turcorum imperatorum, lex imperii domi militiaeque habita
(782 words)
Genealogia Turcorum imperatorum‘Genealogy of the Turkish emperors and the regulation of their empire at home and at war’
Felix Brutus Petancius (de Petanciis), Felix Petancius Ragusinus, Felice Petanzio Date: 1502 Original Language: Latin
Description
Genealogia Turcorum imperatorum is a short work dedicated to Vladislas II, in which Feliks Petančić briefly describes the state of the Ottoman Empire at the time. He presented it to the king together with
Quibus itineribus. The work is preserved in two redactions which open with the same prologue where Petančić urg…
Georg August Wallin
(506 words)
Date of Birth: 24 October 1811 Place of Birth: Sund, Åland Islands Date of Death: 23 October 1852 Place of Death: Helsinki
BiographyBorn the son of a district registrar in the Swedish-speaking Åland Islands, Georg Wallin began his studies at Helsinki University in 1829. As a student he was not particularly remarkable but he learned languages quickly and concentrated on Arabic, gaining his MA in 1836. Unlike the majority of his contemporaries, he was interested in the modern language. In his 1839 doctoral dissertation…
Gēorg Axverdean
(387 words)
Gevorg Axverdyan Date of Birth: 1818 Place of Birth: Tbilisi Date of Death: 1861 Place of Death: Tbilisi
BiographyGēorg Axverdean was born into an Armenian military family in Tbilisi, which had recently come under Russian rule. After education at the Tbilisi Gymnasium he went to the Lazarian Academy in Moscow, a school founded some 15 years earlier by the illustrious Armenian merchant family of the same name. Following his school education, Axverdean undertook medical studies at the University of Moscow. He was o…
George Ashwell
(513 words)
Biography George Ashwell attended Wadham College, Oxford, from the age of 16; he received a BA in 1632 and an MA in 1635. After graduating, he was elected a fellow of the College, where he became a respected tutor. Ashwell’s life was thrown into chaos by the rise of the Puritans and the English Civil War, as he remained a committed royalist and a Laudian Anglican throughout his life. He preached before King Charles I (r. 1625-49) and his Parliament when they were forced to convene at Oxford during the war, and was subsequently awarde…
George Bowen
(1,069 words)
Date of Birth: 30 April 1816 Place of Birth: Middlebury, Vermont Date of Death: 4 February 1888 Place of Death: Bombay
BiographyGeorge was the eldest son of Charles Bowen. He grew up working for his father until he was 18, when he decided he wanted to pursue academic studies. He did not have a formal education, but rather read Greek, Latin, French, Italian languages, philosophy and a wide variety of classics, especially Edward Gibbon’s
Decline and fall of the Roman Empire, which was a primary cause of his religious cynicism. He had always read voraciously throughout his yo…