Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible Online
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Subject: Biblical Studies And Early Christianity
Edited by: Karel van der Toorn, Bob Becking and Pieter W. van der Horst
The Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible Online contains academic articles on the named gods, angels, and demons in the books of the Hebrew Bible, Septuagint and Apocrypha, as well as the New Testament and patristic literature. This online version contains the second extensively revised edition.
More information: Brill.com
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The Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible Online contains academic articles on the named gods, angels, and demons in the books of the Hebrew Bible, Septuagint and Apocrypha, as well as the New Testament and patristic literature. This online version contains the second extensively revised edition.
More information: Brill.com
World Rulers κοσμοκράτορες
(697 words)
I. Name
Kosmokratōr, ‘lord of the world’, ‘world ruler’, occurs in pagan literature as an epithet for gods, rulers, and heavenly bodies. The LXX does not use the term, and in the NT it occurs once, in
Eph. 6.12. II. Identity
Kosmokratōr can occasionally be used to refer to earthly rulers (
CIG 5892;
SB 4275; Ptolemaeus,
Tetrabiblos 175; Hephaestio Astrologus 1, 1). In the
Historia Alexandri Magni it is a common attribute for the Macedonian king. Likewise, a number of gods such as Zeus, Helios, Hermes, and Serapis can be called
kosmokratōr (see Bauer-Aland 1988:905). In the Mithraeum u…
Wrath Ὀργή
(451 words)
I. Name A personified active principle of Wrath has been seen in two passages from the Pauline epistles. This supposed demon was interpreted in the light of the Zoroastrian demon
Aēšma, one of the most important helpers of the Evil Spirit in Zoroastrian theology and possibly known to the Jews under the name Asmodeus (Pines 1982; Boyce & Grenet 1991:425–426, 446). II. Identity Although
Aēšma was certainly perceived as a powerful demon by Zarathustra himself (his name has been attested several times i…