Encyclopedia of Chinese Language and Linguistics

The term jièbǐzì 借筆字 (also jièbǐwén 借筆文), or ‘stroke-borrowing characters’, usually designates Chinese characters in which some strokes are shared by different components, or, more often, it refers to aggregated characters ( héwén 合文) that share single strokes or even entire components. Although this kind of graphical simplification was already noticed by Qīng dynasty scholars (like Ruǎn Yuán 阮元 and Sūn Yìràng 孫詒讓), the first specialized articles dedicated to this topic were only published at the beginning of the 21st century (Wú 2000:308–337; Liú 2001:397–410). The table below …

Jakobson, Roman 1896–1982: Prague School Linguistics Jakobson’s Laws of Irreversible Solidarity: Acquisition of Phonology, L1 Japanese: Areal Typology | Altaic Languages Japanese borrowings: Chinese and Japanese Japanese calques: Calques Japanese in China and Táiwān: Chinese and Japanese | Táiwān: Language Situation Japanese influence on Chinese: Chinese and Japanese | Morphology, Modern Japanese lexicon: Modern Lexicon, Formation Japanese loanwords: Loanwords from Japanese, 19th–20th Century Japanese loanwords, Cantonese: Loanwords from English in Hong Kong …

Jìn 晉 can be defined as the group of dialects spoken in Shānxī and its surrounding areas that preserves the entering ( rù 入) tone (Lǐ Róng 1985). These dialects used to be considered part of the Mandarin dialect group, but in the last several decades many scholars have considered them separate from Mandarin because of a number of unique features. 1. The Geographic Distribution of Jìn and Its Sub-Dialects According to the statistics in Zhōnghuá rénmín gònghéguó xíngzhèng qūhuà jiǎncè 中华人民共和国行政区划简册 (ZRGM 2004), over 62 million people currently use Jìn. Among them, nearly 24 m…