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[German Version] is an interdisciplinary research program with the aim of viewing human knowledge from the perspective of evolutionary theory so as to be able to gain improved information as to the scope and boundaries of our cognitive faculties, and to resolve problems of classical philosophical epistemology (I) that have remained unresolved until now. Evolutionary epistemology has its roots in the 19th century (C. Darwin, H. Spencer, E. Haeckel et al.), but it was only in the 20th century that it developed as an interdisciplinary research…

[German Version] In a second sense, ethics of science means ethical reflection on science and its technological applications. Here it can function both as fundamental reflection on science and technology and their growing importance for the total context of our existence and our relation to the world; it can also have individual sciences or fields of study and their realized or intended applications as its object of assessment. As such the ethics of science is an interdisciplinary application oriented e…

[German Version] I. Religious Studies – II. Old Testament and Ancient Israel – III. Christianity – IV. Attitudes toward Animals in Islam – V. Ethical Considerations I. Religious Studies Especially in the religions of primitive peoples, though also in some advanced civilizations, certain animals are attributed a special, sacred significance on the basis of their unique characteristics (size, strength, dangerousness, fertility, etc.), their ec…