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D̲j̲abala b. al-Ḥārit̲h̲
(467 words)
, Ghassānid chieftain [see G̲h̲assān ] of the pre-Islamic period, who made his début in G̲h̲assānid - Byzantine relations
ca. 500 A.D., when he mounted an offensive against Palestina Tertia but was beaten by Romanus, the
dux of that province. Shortly afterwards in 502, Byzantium concluded a treaty with the G̲h̲assānids and recognised them as its new allies (
foederati ). Throughout the remaining part of the reign of the emperor Anastasius (491-518), the sources are silent on D̲j̲abala, who was probably not yet the G̲h̲assānid king b…
Ḏj̲abala b. al-Ḥārit̲h̲
(465 words)
, chef g̲h̲assānide [voir G̲h̲assān] de l’époque préislamique qui, vers 500 de J.-C, se manifesta dans les rapports entre Byzantins et G̲h̲assānides en menant une offensive contre la Palestina tertia, mais fut battu par Romanus,
dux de cette province; peu après, en 502, Byzance conclut un traité avec les G̲h̲assānides, les reconnaissant comme ses nouveaux alliés (
foederati). Pendant toute la dernière partie du règne de l’empereur Anastasc (491-518), les sources ne font aucune allusion à Ḏj̲abala, qui n’était probablement pas encore le roi g̲h̲assānid…
Source:
Encyclopédie de l’Islam
Number
(5,221 words)
I. Mesopotamia [German version] A. Numerical systems Before systems for representing numbers in writing were (further) developed, counting stones, known as
calculi or tokens, were used in arithmetic. As first-order representations they enabled operations such as increasing, decreasing, combining, separating, and distributing. Their relationship to the numerical notations recorded in the oldest ‘texts’ (
c. 3300 BC; Uruk) is still discussed [2]. The numerical signs in these texts do not represent absolute numbers but context-dependent units of count…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Zahl
(4,877 words)
I. Mesopotamien [English version] A. Zahlensysteme Bevor Systeme zur Darstellung von Z. im Rahmen der Schrift (weiter)entwickelt wurden, dienten Zählsteine, sog. Calculi, als arithmetisches (Hilfs-)Mittel. Als Repräsentationen erster Ordnung ermöglichten sie Operationen wie Vermehren, Vermindern, Vereinigen, Abtrennen, Verteilen. Ihre Beziehung zu den in den ältesten “Texten” (ca. 3300 v. Chr.; Uruk) belegten numerischen Notationen wird noch diskutiert [2]. Die Z.-Zeichen dieser Texte repräsentieren n…
Source:
Der Neue Pauly