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Anglican Communion

(1,593 words)

Author(s): Staples, Peter
The Anglican Communion is a worldwide fellowship of Episcopal churches that recognizes the archbishop of Canterbury as its spiritual head. He is ex officio chairman of the Lambeth Conference of Bishops, which from 1867 has been meeting every ten years. (The 1998 conference was at Canterbury, attended by 750 bishops.) The archbishop is primus inter pares (i.e., first among equals). 1. Organization 1.1. The Anglican Communion is episcopal but not hierarchical. Its national churches resemble the autocephalous churches of Orthodoxy and the Old Catholic church…

Oxford Movement

(1,017 words)

Author(s): Staples, Peter
1. Background The Oxford Movement began in 1833 with a sermon preached by John Keble (1792–1866) to the judges and the justices of the peace in Oxford. It signaled the beginning of the Catholic revival in the Church of England. An understanding of this movement is necessary in order to understand the pluriformity of the Church of England (Anglican Communion). After the English Reformation the Church of England preserved more of the traditional catholic structure (e.g., the episcopate; Bishop, Episcopate) than did most Reformation churches. After the Calvinistic interr…