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Sulṭān Ḥusayn b. Manṣūr b. Bāyqarā Mīrzā was born in Herat in Muḥarram 842/June–July 1438. He was named after his maternal grandfather, Sulṭān Ḥusayn, and he included the name of his paternal grandfather, Bāyqarā, in his own name. His name, with honorifics, was Muʿizz al-Dīn Abū l-Ghāzī Sulṭān Ḥusayn-i Bāyqarā Mīrzā. In 856/1452 he joined the retinue of his Tīmūrid cousin Abū l-Qāsim Bābur in Herat but shortly thereafter, evidently dissatisfied with his patron, he took advantage of the opportunity af…

Ḥusayn Vāʿiẓ Kāshifī (Mawlānā Kamāl al-Dīn Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī, with the sobriquet Vāʿiẓ, Ar. wāʿiẓ “preacher,” and the pen name Kāshifī, “the unveiler,” c. 830–910/1426–1504–5), was a prolific and influential Tīmūrid-era (771–913/1370–1507) Persian author and poet, religious scholar, preacher, Ṣūfī, and occultist. He was born in about 830/1426 (Herrmann, 90) in Sabzavār, in the province of Bayhaq, hence his name is often followed by the gentilics Bayhaqī or Sabzavārī. He lived for almost forty years in Herat, whe…