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[German Version] (c. 1005/1010, Constantinople – Jan 21, 1059, Abydus), patriarch of Constantinople (Mar 25, 1043 – Nov 1058). Michael early on evinced an aristocratic sense of power that brought him into conflict with the Byzantine emperor and the Roman ¶ church. In 1054 a papal legation under Cardinal Humbert of Silva Candida went to Constantinople to resolve the dispute between Rome and Byzantium over the use of unleavened (azyme) or leavened (enzyme) bread in the liturgy (Unleavened bread controversy) in favor of Rome. When Michael…

[German Version] (Sep 19, 866, Constantinople – May 11, 912, Constantinople), Byzantine co-emperor from Jun 1, 870, and emperor from Aug 29, 886; a major lawgiver and man of letters, student of Patriarch Photius of Constantinople, propagandistically called “the Wise” after the analogy of King Solomon in the Old Testament (cf. ByZ 88, 1995, 531, no. 2459). Leo's works include sermons, liturgical hymns, and a work on monastic asceticism. After his first three spouses died, in 906 he entered into a fourth marriage, prohibited by Byzantine (but not …