Pinto, Mónica Keywords: United Nations | Security Council | Charter | Use of force | International relations | Self-defence | International Court of Justice | Case-law | Mots clefs: Nations Unies | Conseil de sécurité | Chartre | Force | Relations internationales | Défense légitime | Cour internationale de Justice | Jurisprudence | ABSTRACT The course of Mrs. Monica Pinto, Professor at the University of Buenos Aires, proposes to retrace the history of the characterizations of the use of force in the light of the jurisprudence of international court…

Migliazza, Alessandro Keywords: Human rights | Laws of war | Use of force | International relations | International humanitarian law | Mots clefs: Droits de l homme | Droit de la guerre | Force | Relations internationales | ABSTRACT Alessandro Migliazza states that from the beginning of civilization, men faithful to the spirit of humanity have multiplied their efforts to prevent war and to regulate armed conflict. The efforts have laid the foundations of people’s rights: jus ad bellum and jus in bello are the first and perhaps the most important chapters in the science of int…

Klein, Pierre Keywords: United Nations | Terrorism | International peace and security | International politics | Use of force | International relations | Human rights | Mots clefs: Nations Unies | Terrorisme | Sécurité internationale | Politique internationale | Force | Relations internationales | Droits de l'homme | ABSTRACT Pierre Klein, Professor at the Université libre de Bruxelles, begins his course by identifying the very notion of terrorism to report on the impact of terrorism on international law. He then takes a step backward and plac…

Boulouis, Jean Keywords: European Communities | International relations | Court of Justice of the European Communities | Case-law | Mots clefs: Communautés européennes | Relations internationales | Cour de justice des Communautés européennes | Jurisprudence | ABSTRACT The aim of Jean Boulouis’ course is to analyze the Case Law of the Court of Justice of the European Communities related to their external relations. He examines the questions which, in the field of external relations, have been submitted to the judge and the answers w…

Galenskaya, Liudmila Keywords: Cultural heritage | Cultural co-operation | Culture | International relations | Mots clefs: Coopération culturelle | Culture | Relations internationales | ABSTRACT In this study of international cultural cooperation, Liudmila Galenskaya, Professor at the University of Leningrad, uses the British Council’s definition of culture: The culture includes the arts, education, the sciences and all social and intellectual exchanges. Based on this definition, the author begins her course by presenti…

Slaughter, Anne-Marie Keywords: International law | International relations | Nongovernmental organizations | Mots clefs: Droit international | Relations internationales | Organisations non-gouvernementales | ABSTRACT Anne-Marie Slaughter, Professor at Harvard University, devotes her course to the relation between international law and international relations. In the first part Professor Slaughter examines the principal theories concerning international relations. Professor Slaughter examines in particular what interna…

Sicilianos, Linos-Alexandre Keywords: United Nations | Security Council | Charter | Use of force | International relations | Collective security | Mots clefs: Nations Unies | Conseil de sécurité | Charte | Force | Relations internationales | Sécurité collective | ABSTRACT In the introduction to his course, Linos-Alexandre Sicilianos, Associate Professor at the University of Athens, notes that the theme of the Security Council's authorization to use force lies at the centre of two contradictory trends that mark contemporary evolution of…

M. Schwebel, S. Keywords: Aggression | Self-defence | Use of force | International relations | Intervention | Mots clefs: Agression | Défense légitime | Force | Relations internationales | Intervention et non-intervention | ABSTRACT S.M. Schwebel's course deals with the issues of aggression, intervention, and self-defence in the context of the question of the definition of aggression. After a first chapter on the need and importance of the definition of the concept of aggression, the author examines several types of approaches t…

Pescatore, Pierre Keywords: International relations | European Economic Community | Mots clefs: C.E.E. | Relations internationales | ABSTRACT Pierre Pescatore explains in this course that economic integration necessarily entails the need for unity of action in external relations. The author therefore examines the legal form given to the Communities in order to make them fit for action in the sphere of external relations. After a historical review of the external relations of international organizations, the autho…

Vignes, Daniel Keywords: Developing countries | European Economic Community | International relations | Mots clefs: Pays en voie de développement | C.E.E. | Relations internationales | ABSTRACT Daniel Vignes, Director of Development Cooperation at the Council of the European Communities, focuses in his course on two issues. The first issue is the concept of development cooperation under the Lomé III Convention, which is devoid of any political dogmatism, based on basic principles, objectives, and rules - some of which are…

Fawcett, J.E.S. Keywords: Intervention | Use of force | International relations | Mots clefs: Intervention | Relations internationales | ABSTRACT J. E. S. Fawcett points out in the introduction to his course that intervention is an old political custom and perhaps even a political necessity. The author’s task is to describe and compare some recent intervention cases (in 1961) and to see what they clarify the rules governing the intervention and what the limits are. After general considerations on the intervention, …

Arangio-Ruiz, Gaetano Keywords: United Nations | General Assembly | International relations | Declarations | Mots clefs: Nations Unies | Assemblée générale | Relations internationales | Déclarations | ABSTRACT The course of Gaetano Arangio-Ruiz, Professor at the University of Bologna, is devoted to the study of some legal problems related to the Declaration of Principles on Friendly Relations and Cooperation among States, incorporated in resolution 2625 (XXV) of 24 October 1970. Le cours de Gaetano Arangio-Ruiz, professeur à l'Université de Bologne est consacré à …