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Als B. bezeichnet man alle bei der untertägigen Gewinnung mineralischer Rohstoffe zur Erhellung der Grubenräume eingesetzten künstlichen Lichtspender.…

The ventilation of mining operations includes all the physical and chemical reactions and the means employed in the context of mining technology that serve the following purposes: (1) conveying enough breathable air to the miners and animals working underground, (2) safeguarding the air that the mining lamps need for combustion, (3) dilution and removal of the explosive (“pounding”), stifling (“stagnant”), and noxious (“evil”) gases (s0-called mine air), and mitigating excessive heat by supplying cooler air to create a bearable working temperature [5]. Generation of a steady stream of air in a mine complex requires the existence of at least an intake and an exhaust opening to the outside. The airflow is accordingly divided into an intake and an exhaust; the extractive operations constitute the boundary between them. We can make a basic distinction between “natural” ventilation, in which the airflow results from a pressure differential between the intake and ex…

The term  mining lamp denotes any source of artificial light employed to illuminate the underground spaces created in the mining of mineral resources. The German miners’ term  Geleucht became a common collective term for mining lamps [1]. In comparison to other areas of early modern mining technology, many forms of mining lamps were developed, depending on the type of mining and the region, but until well into the 18th century their construction, function, and fuel w…

1. DefinitionThe term mining technology embraces all the technological methods and tools employed in extracting underground mineral resources. In the 16th century, this technology was already being systematized in a scientific framework, as is especially clear in the work of G. Agricola (1494–1555) [1], which outlined the essential…