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[German Version] I. Europe – II. North America I. Europe Moral Re-Armament (MRA) emerged from an evangelistic movement founded in 1921 by F.N.D. Buchman (from 1929 known as the “Oxford Group”), that in 1938 renamed itself Moral Re-Armament. From England it spread in the 1920s and 1930s to the Netherlands, Germany and Switzerland, Scandinavia (Den-¶ mark, Norway, Sweden), and to North America. It combined pietistic traditions with new fundamentalism (II, 2), and a striving for inner change of the human being through Christian resolve together with …

[German Version] The term neoconservatism embraces a variety of postwar political and ideological movements ¶ in the West, especially since the 1960s and 1970s, the goal of which has been to reorient classical conservatism and adapt it to democracy and capitalistic (Capitalism) industrial society. Conservatism arose around 1800 as a conscious reaction against the French Revolution; in the 19th century, it defended the agrarian, hierarchical structure of society and monarchy against the progressive economic ten…

[English Version] . Der Begriff N. faßt verschiedene polit. und ideologische Strömungen in westlichen Ländern nach dem 2. Weltkrieg, v.a. seit den 60er und 70er Jahren, zusammen, die auf eine Neuausrichtung des klassischen Konservatismus und seine Anpassung an Demokratie und kapitalistische (Kapitalismus) Industriegesellschaft zielten. Um 1800 war der Konservatismus als bewußte Gegenbewegung gegen die Französische Revolution entstanden, im 19.Jh. verteidigte er die agrarisch-ständische Gesellschaf…