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[German Version] In the 19th century, physics was still based on the Newtonian conception of a physical world that was clear and deterministic (I. Newton). The early 20th century witnessed a fundamental revision of this theory. On the level of the atom and even smaller particles, nature proved to be fuzzy and variable. I. Light The first break with the principles of classical physics was the work of M. Planck, who theorized that light neither radiates nor is absorbed as a steady stream of energy but consists in distinct, measurable packets of energy…