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2.4.1.4 Numbers

(2,310 words)

Author(s): Rösel, Martin
Part of 2 Pentateuch - 2.4 Primary Translations - 2.4.1 Septuagint 2.4.1.4.1 NatureAmong the translations of the Greek Pentateuch, Numbers poses some specific problems. The translator did not use a homogeneous technique when rendering his Vorlage; moreover, at times, one has to judge that he was working carelessly or lacking competence.1 In other instances, he found good solutions for difficult problems. In some cases he introduced his own interpretations or ad sensum translations, e.g., in Num 24:7. Thus, the use of this version for the textual criticism of the He…
Date: 2020-03-17

2.4.1.1 Genesis

(2,938 words)

Author(s): Rösel, Martin
Part of 2 Pentateuch - 2.4 Primary Translations - 2.4.1 Septuagint 2.4.1.1.1 NatureIt is generally assumed that the Greek book of Genesis is the oldest of the translations of the Septuagint. It is possible that parts of the Bible were translated earlier ( Let. Aris., §§ 314–16) or that there were word lists or vocabularies called “ pinakes,” because the translation of Genesis is relatively consistent. Moreover, several calques such as διαθήκη for בְּרִית “covenant,” and εὐλογέω for בּרךְ ( piʿel) “to bless,” were used, pointing to their preceding use in the community of the …
Date: 2020-03-17

3.2 Greek

(3,992 words)

Author(s): Rösel, Martin
Part of 3 Daniel, Additions to 3.2.1 Nature and SignificanceThe literary history of the book of Daniel is very complicated, with intermingled aspects of redaction, reception and interpretation. The text evolved slowly, beginning with the Aramaic legends from the Persian diaspora (Daniel 2–6). In Daniel 4–6, the OG (I.18.3.1) attests to a Vorlage that differs in parts considerably from the Aramaic text of the MT (I.18.2.2). Therefore, different versions of the Daniel tradition were transmitted separately. The canonical text has grown in several stages, through…
Date: 2020-02-27

Dreams/Interpretation of Dreams

(5,513 words)

Author(s): Bierbaumer, Niels | Maier, Bernhard | Albani, Matthias | Rösel, Martin | Wandrey, Irina | Et al.
[German Version] I. Neurobiology and Psychology – II. Religious Studies – III. Ancient Near East and Old Testament – IV. Early Judaism – V. Greco-Roman Antiquity – VI. New Testament – VII. Church History – VIII. Fundamental Theology – IX. Practical Theology – X. Missiology – XI. Art History I. Neurobiology and Psychology Dreams are hallucinatory experiences that generally occur during sleep. Unlike real experiences, they involve associations that are temporally, spatially, and emot…

Forms and Genres

(5,675 words)

Author(s): Trappen, Stefan | Rösel, Martin | Dormeyer, Detlev
[German Version] I. Literary Theory – II. Old Testament – III. New Testament I. Literary Theory Genres are literary forms. They group multiple texts into a conceptual unit on the basis of formal similarity. Poetics determines the genres of literature and how they are constituted. Both literature and poetics stand within their own autonomous traditions. Therefore the conceptuality of genre, despite intensive interchange between poetics and literature, is not simply a reflection of literature. Every genre, in …

Effective History/Reception History

(5,400 words)

Author(s): Steinmann, Michael | Schüle, Andreas | Rösel, Martin | Luz, Ulrich | Köpf, Ulrich
[German Version] I. Philosophy – II. Fundamental Theology – III. Applications I. Philosophy The concept of effective history ( Wirkungsgeschichte) takes on philosophical significance in the hermeneutics of H.G. Gadamer, where it represents the attempt to clarify the fundamental requirement for understanding texts and make this understanding transparent in its own historically conditioned context. …