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A. IntroductionReligious studies or religious science in current usage generally denotes an explicitly non-theological field of cultural science, whose practitioners formulate general propositions and theories on the basis mainly of historical philology and social science about the area of culture that has been called ‘religion’ in Europe since the beginning of the early modern period. In this sense, religious science is a product of the Enlightenment, Romanticism, secularization and the institutionalization of modern universities, and accordingly it was not present …

A. IntroductionThe Celts and Germans were still in many respects considered as a single entity in the 18th century, either because they were often believed to be the same people or because the names were thought to be interchangeable. As in the 16th and 17th century, engagement with them was based mainly on Greek and Latin texts. The first archaeological finds and monuments were also coming into consideration (Archaeology) but it was often only in the 19th century that these began to be dated reliably. The view of the Celtic and Germanic peoples in the 18th ce…