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[German Version] I. Old Testament In the preexilic period, Sabbath (שַׁבָּת/ šabbāt) meant the day of the full moon; from the Exile on, it denoted a weekly day of rest. The origins of this day of rest go back to the early days of Exile. The earliest laws regarding the preexilic day of rest appear in the Book of the Covenant (Exod 23:10) and the cultic code in Exod 34:18–23, 25f. (v. 21) (Law and legislation: III). In the Book of the Covenant, the commandment to ¶ …

Part of 2 Baruch/Jeremiah - 2.2 2 Baruch/Syriac Apocalypse of Baruch 2.2.1.1 Introduction 2.2.1.1.1 TitleIn the only complete copy of 2 Baruch (preserved in manuscript S7a1, the famous Codex Ambrosianus), the title of the composition is “The Book of the Apocalypse of Baruch, the son of Neriah” (ܟܬܒܐ ܕܓܠܝܢܗ ܕܒܪܘܟ ܒܪ ܢܪܝܐ). It is debated whether this is the original title of the work or whether it was prefixed by a scribe. The latter is more likely. The genre label “apocalypse” is unattested before Rev 1:1, and even there it still functions as a…

Part of 2 Baruch/Jeremiah - 2.3 4 Baruch/Paralipomena Jeremiou 2.3.1.1 Introduction 2.3.1.1.1 TitleIn several important Greek manuscripts,1 the title of the work is τὰ παραλειπόμενα Ἰερεμίου τοῦ προφήτου “The events omitted from/the omissions of Jeremiah the Prophet.” The same title is also used, in Coptic translation, for the History of the Captivity in Babylon (or Coptic Jeremiah Apocryphon; 2.6.1).2 This …

Part of 8 Jubilees 8.1.1 Introduction 8.1.1.1 Title Jubilees goes by several names in the languages in which it has been transmitted. In Christian Greek sources, the book has…

Part of 2 Baruch/Jeremiah - 2.4 Letter of Jeremiah 2.4.1.1 Introduction 2.4.1.1.1 TitleThis short work of seventy-two verses carries the title ἐπιστολὴ Ιερεμιου “Letter of Jeremiah” in some of the major Greek uncial codices (LXXA and LXXB; 2.4.2),1 a title mirrored by the Bohairic (2.4.6) and the Syriac (2.4.3) versions. Some Greek manuscripts, however, lack the name of the prophet (thus LXXQ and LXXV). In the Latin codices (2.4.4), in which the Letter of Jeremiah is attached to the book of Jeremiah, we find it sandwiched between the notation incipit exemplum epistolae eiusdem “(here) begins the copy of his (sc. Jeremiah’s) letter” and explicit exemplum epistolae hieremiae “(here) ends the copy of the letter of Jeremiah” (e.g., VΘ M). Some Latin codices that feature the Letter after Baruch introduce it by incipit exemplum epistolae hieremiae…

Part of 2 Baruch/Jeremiah - 2.1 1 Baruch 2.1.1.1 Introduction 2.1.1.1.1 TitleIn a number of Greek manuscripts, including LXXA and LXXB (but not LXXS, where it is missing, see below, 2.1.1.3.1 and 2.1.2), the book of Baruch is inscribed with Βαρουχ “Baruch,” rarely supplemented by τοῦ προφήτου “the prophet (gen.)” (as in LXX106, similarly in Bohairic); other Greek manuscripts feature the title λόγοι Βαρουχ τοῦ Νηριο…

[English Version] I. Altes TestamentS. (שַׁבָּת, »šabbāt«) bez. vorexil. den Vollmondstag, seit dem Exil den wöchentlichen Ruhetag. Der Ursprung dieses Ruhetags geht auf die Frühzeit Israels zurück. Die ältesten Ruhetagsgesetze der vorexil. Zeit sind im Bundesbuch in Ex 23,10 und in der Kultordnung Ex 34,18–23.25f. (Gesetz: II.) in Ex 34,21 belegt. Im Bundesbuch ist das Ruhetagsgebot Teil des Privilegrechts der Aussonderungen von Erstlingen und Erstgeburten (Ex 22,28f.) sowie des Brachejahres (Ex 23,1…