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[German Version] The term theogony derives from Greek and means literally “the coming-into-being or birth of the gods.” It was shaped by the Theogonia of the early Greek poet Hesiod (c. 700 bce), basically a didactic epic on the initial appearance of the Greek gods and their subsequent genealogy. It has since become customary to use the term theogony cross-culturally for the mythological genealogies of the gods found in many cultures. As a rule, a theogony typically recounts the appearance of the gods as a sequence of gods eit…

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[German Version] I. History of Religions – II. Bible I. History of Religions The (potentially) imminent end of the world is taken up in many religious traditions, as is evident from the ¶ many graphic accounts of it. The term end of the world refers primarily to cosmological (“physical”) eschatology, as distinct from individual and collective eschatology (i.e. from the idea of a judgment of all or of each person individually). Some fundamental distinctions should be drawn.

[German Version] I. Religious Studies The term substitution, originating in the language of law, is used primarily in Christian theology, but it is well suited for use in religious studies as well, even though so far there has been no detailed systematic treatment of it. In the most general sense, we speak of substitution when the true subject affected or acting (God, an individual like the king, or a collective) is represented by another ¶ entity (a person or group, an animal, or an object) as a substitute involved (actively or passively) in the action, acting for the…