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[German version] Chief town of the civitas of the Aulerci Cenomani in Gallia Celtica, later Lugdunensis (Tab. Peut. 2,3: Subdinnum; Ptol. 2,8,9: Οὐίνδινον), modern Le Mans (in the département of Sarthe), important communications node on the Sarthe. Probably a late La Tène period oppidum in the area of the modern Vieux Mans (Celtic sculptures in a 3rd cent. AD wall; Gaulish gold stater). Puits funéraires (well-like shaft graves) from the 1st cent. AD and traces of an orthogonal road network survive; the area of the Imperial period town has been estimated at 30-40 ha. From the Roman Imperial period there are …

[German version] [1] Capital of the Suessiones This item can be found on the following maps: Theatre | Caesar | Coloniae | Gallia/Gaul | Oppidum Capital of the Suessiones, occupied by Caesar in 57 BC (Caes. B Gall. 2,12). N. can be identified with the oppidum of Pommiers (west of Soisson, De partement of Aisne). This was abandoned at the latest under Augustus, by about 50 BC a new one had come into being in the plain near Villeneuve-Saint-Germain [1; 2]. With the founding of the Gallo-Roman capital civitas of Augusta Suessionum in about 20 BC other settlement came to an end. Schön, Franz (Regens…

[German version] Celtic people in Aquitania, probably to the north of Aire-sur-l'Adour (in the département of Landes). The T. were subjugated in 56 BC by Licinius [I 16]  (Caes. Gall. 3,23,1; 27,1). The identification with the Toruates (in Plin. HN 4,108) is correctly rejected by [1], that with the Aturenses, who were around Aire-sur-l'Adour from the time of Augustus, is a hypothesis. Polfer, Michel (Ettelbrück) Bibliography 1 P.-M. Duval, Les peuples de l'Aquitaine d'après la liste de Pline, in: RPh 29, 1955, 214-227. M. Provost…

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[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Capital of the Ruteni in Aquitania (Ptol. 2,7,21: Σεγόδουνον/ Segódounon; Notae Tironianae 87,46: Segundunum or Secundunum; Tab. Peut. 2,3: Segodum or Segoduni), modern Rodez on the Aveyron. The economy of the surrounding area comprised mining and artistic pottery (centre of production of Terra Sigillata at La Graufesenque in the Tarn valley, 2 km to the south of Millan). Polfer, Michel (Ettelbrück) Bibliography J. B. Keune, s. v. S. (1), RE 2 A, 1078-1080  Villes et agglomérations urbaines antiques du Sud-Ouest de la Gaule (Aquitania Suppl. 6), 1992, 133-136.

[German version] City in Gallia Narbonensis, in the pre-Roman period an oppidum of the Cavares, to the northeast of Avennio (modern Avignon), on the banks of the Sorgue ( Vindelicus amnis in Flor. Epit. 1,37,4; Isid. Orig. 9,2,96; Σούλγας/ Soúlgas in Str. 4,1,11), situated near its confluence with the Rhodanus, probably at Mourre-de-Sève (in the …

[German version] Celtic people (according to Caes. B Gall. 2,4,1 originally Germanic) in Gallia Belgica (Caes. B Gall. 2,4,9; cf. 7,75,3; 8,7,4; Oros. 6,7,14; 6,11,12; Ptol. 2,8,8: Οὐενελιοκάσιοι/ Ou eneliokásioi; Liv. Per. 67), in the north and to a limited extent also in the south of the lower reaches of the Sequana (modern Seine; in the south of the département …

[German version] Ligurian/Celtic tribe in Aquitania (after Diocletian's reform in the province of Novempopulana) on both banks of the lower Garumna (Amm. Marc. 15,11,14: Vasatae; Ptol. 2,7,15: Οὐασάτιοι/ Ouasátioi); neighbours of the Bituriges Vivisci to the north, the Nitiobriges to the east and south, the Tarbelli to the southwest, and the Boeates in the west. Identification of the V. with the Vocates mentioned in Caes. B Gall. 3,23,7 is uncertain, these may rather have been the Boeates. The V. were one of the four peoples of southern Aquitania who at the time of the founding of the Ara …

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[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: City in Gallia Celtica in the territory of the Aremorici (Aremorica), later in Lugdunensis, from the time of Augustus the chief town of the …

[German version] Suburb of a civitas in Aquitania, modern Lectoure (Dépa…

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[German version] (modern Oléron, in the département of Charente-Maritime). Island in the Aquitanicus Sinus (modern Biscaya; Plin. HN 4,109;  Sid. Apoll. Epist. 8,6,12; Geogr. Rav 5,33), near the mouth of the Garumna. It assignment to the territory of the Santoni and hence to  Aquitania is hypothetical. Polfer, Michel (Ettelbrück) Bibliography …

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Theatre | Christianity | Gallia/Gaul (Οὐασίων/ Ouasíōn; modern Vaison-la-Romaine in the département of Vaucluse). Oppidum of Gallia Narbonensis, capital of …

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[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Theatre Celtic oppidum of the Senones [2], conquered by Caesar's legate, C. Trebonius [I 1], in 52 BC (Caes. B Gall. 7,11,1; 7,11,4; 7,14,1). A precise location between Agedincum and Cenabum is not possible; Château-Landon and Terres-Blanches du Grand-Villon to the north of Montargis ( département of Loiret) are conceivable. …

[German version] Celtic people in Gallia Narbonensis. The chief town of the V. in the Roman period was the colonia Apta Iulia Vulgientum, modern Apt (in the département of Vaucluse). Polfer, Michel (Ettelbrück) Bibliography P. Wuilleumier, s. v. V., RE 9 A, 1304 f.  R. Bedon, Atlas des villes, bourgs et villages de la France au passé romain, 2001, 78 f.

(Μεδιολάν[ι]ον/ Mediolán[i]on). [German version] [1] Modern Milan This item can be found on the following maps: Socii (Roman confederation) | Theatre | Christianity | | Coloniae | Italy, languages | Pilgrimage | Regio, regiones | Rome | Batavian Revolt The modern city of Milan. It was founded in the early 4th cent. B…

[German version] Town in the territory of the  Os(s)ismi(i), probably in Kérilien-en-Plounéventer (in the département of Finistère), where there is evidence of a pre-Roman settlement and an Imperial period  vicus (about 30 ha, theatre). V. is not identical to Vorgium, the chief town of the civitas. Polfer, Michel (Ettelbrück) Bibliography P. Galliou, Carte Archéologique de la Gaule 29, Le Finistère, 1989, 95-98.

[German version] People in Lugdunensis (Plin. HN 4,107: Venelli) in the northwest of Normandy on the Cotentin peninsula. The V. capitulated in 57 BC to Caesar's legate P. Licinius [I 16] Crassus (Caes. Gall. 2,34), but rose up the following year (Caes. Gall. 3,11,14) a…