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[German version] (Αἰξωνή; Aixōnḗ). Attic   paralia deme of the phyle  Cecropis (IG II2 2375) at the south-west coast of Attica between Glyphada and Voula [3]. Eight bouleutai [7]. Its western border was marked by the sea, its eastern one by Mount  Hymettus whose slopes were terraced [1; 2. 29 ff.] -- the φελλεῖς ( phelleîs) in IG II2 2492. To the north, Halimus and Euonymon followed. As Hydrussa (modern Prasonisi) was κατὰ τοὺς Αἰξωνέας ( katà toùs Aixonéas, Str. 9,1,21), A. presumably extended to the south up to Ano Vula, where it bordered on Halai Aixonides. Extensive…

[German version] (Κολωνός; Kolōnós, ‘hill’). Attic asty deme of the Aegeis phyle, installed two bouleutaí, according to [4] by the C. [2]. Demotikon ἐκ Κολωνοῦ [6. 7330].  Sophocles came from C. and attests a cult of the eponymous hero C. (Soph. OC 54f., 888f.) [6. 208, 211].  Athens;  Colonae Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 J.M. Camp, Die Agora von Athen, 1989 2 Chr. Habicht, Athen, 1995, 151 3 E. Honigmann, s.v. Kolonos (2), RE 11, 1113f. 4 D.M. Lewis, The Deme of Kolonos, in: ABSA 50, 1955, 12-17 5 Travlos, Athen, 79 6 Whitehead, Index s.v. Kolonos Traill, Attica, 40, 68, 11…

(Νάπη/ Nápē, ‘wooded gorge, valley’). [German version] [1] Settlement on Lesbos Settlement on Lesbos, in the territory of Methymna, with a temple of Apollo Napaios (Str. 9,4,5; Steph. Byz. s.v. N.). N. cannot be precisely located. The temple, however, may have been the cultic site to the west of the modern village of Napi in the district of Klopedi. Sonnabend, Holger (Stuttgart) Bibliography H.-G. Buchholz, Methymna: Archäologische Beiträge zur Geschichte und Topographie von Nordlesbos, 1966, 206f.  W. Günther, s.v. N., in: Lauffer, Griechenland, 454f. [German version] [2] In Att…

[German version] (Ἀζηνιά; Azēniá). Attic   paralia (?) deme belonging to the phyle of Hippothontis, which had its geographical centre in the Thriasion Pedion and in the area around  Eleusis. Str. 9,1,21 mentions Ἀζηνεῖς as being between Sunium and Anaphlystus, which is, however, to be emended to Ἀτηνεῖς ( Atene) [1.50f.; 3.14450]. The same mistake appears in IG II2 1706 Z. 73 [2. 83]. A location south of Kokkini [3. 13740] is questioned by [1. 50f.]. The Azenieis made dedications to Eleusis (IG II2 3492), and the demos of Eleusis worships an Azenieus (IG II2 3517; 3904),  Carneades b…

[German version] (Παραλία). Originally the coastal region of Attica, also more generally the region to the east of Mt. Hymettus. After the constitutional reforms of Cleisthenes [2] ([5. 157ff.]; Attica, with map), each of the 10 Attic phylai comprised three trittyes (‘thirds’): a city third ( asty), an inland one ( mesogeia) and a coastal one ( paralia), each consisting of demes (Aristot. Ath. Pol. 21,4) [1; 3. 251ff.; 5. 159]. In the Classical period, the 10 paralia trittyes comprised approx. 40 demes [4. 125ff.]. A frontier post between Paralia and Mesogeia in the up…

[German version] (Παμβοτάδαι/ Pambotádai). Attic Paralia (?) deme of the phyle of Erechtheis, from 127/8 AD of the phyle of Hadrianis. Before 307/6 BC, P. took it in turn with Sybridae to provide one bouleutḗs and after 224/3 BC two bouleutaí. Location unknown. Rock inscriptions in the upper Vari valley at Thiti cannot be read as ὅρ(ος) Π(α)μ(βοτάδων)/ hór(os) P(a)m(botádōn) [1; 2. 118]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 H. Lohmann, Atene, 1993, 58 2 J.S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 118, 126. Traill, Attica, 6, 14f., 38, 59, 62, 69, 100f., 111 nr. 102, table 1, 15.

(Εὐνοστίδαι; Eunostídai). [German version] [1] Attic deme (?) of the phyle Ptolemais Attic deme (?) of the phyle Ptolemais, first attested to in 201/0 BC (IG II2 2362), cf. the inscriptions of 108/7 BC (IG II2 1036 l. 37; [1. 159; 2]). In AD 154/5 (IG II2 2067) and AD 173/4 (IG II 2 2103) ephebes of the phyle Ptolemais from Εὐν and Εὐ, respectively, are mentioned. Position unknown. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 C. A. Hutton, The Greek Inscriptions at Petworth House, in: ABSA 21, 1914/16, 155-165 2 Traill, Attica 90, 114 No. 12. [German version] [2] Phratry in Naples Phratry in Naple…

[German version] (Οἶον Δεκελεικόν/ Oîon Dekeleikón). Attic mesogeia deme of the phyle of Hippothontis. From 224/3 BC it belonged to the phyle of Ptolemaïs, from 200 BC to that of Attalis. It provided three bouleutaí. Location: near Bugiati southeast of Decelea, to which OD possibly belonged once (see the phratria inscriptions of the Demotionidae IG II2 1237) [1]. An independent dêmos possibly only after Cleisthenes [2]. Grave inscriptions IG II2 6885-7012; 6990 and 7009 from Bugiati, cf. IG 2558. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 J. Wiesner, s.v. O. (1a), RE Suppl. 7, 788. Traill,…

[German version] (Δίολκος; Dí(h)olkos). Paved trackway for transporting goods and ships between the Saronic Gulf ( Saronikos Kolpos) and the Gulf of  Corinth across the  Isthmus of Corinth at its narrowest point. The diolkos describes a slight southerly curve between the moorings at its ends. It is c. 8 km long, the gradient is a max. 6 % and the track is 1.5 m wide. By connecting the harbours of Cenchreae [2] and  Lechaeum, it strengthened the infrastructure of Corinth, though ancient sources shed no light on its economical significance. A…

[German version] (Πτελέα/ Pteléa; demotikon Πτελεάσιος/ Pteleásios). Small Attic ásty deme, phyle Oineis, with one bouleutḗs. Location uncertain, in the Cephissus Valley near modern Aigaleo north of the sacred road [2. 49] or near Aspropirgos (formerly Kalívia Chasiotika) [1]; IG II2 4927. P. (cf. [3]) is the scene of the comedy Hérōs by Menander [4]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 E. Meyer, s. v. P., RE 23, 1478 2 Traill, Attica, 49, 70, 112 Nr. 124, Tab. 6 3 Whitehead, 341.

(θώραξ; thṓrax). [German version] [1] Cuirass Cuirass. As a part of Greek hoplite armour, the thorax protected the chest and the back. In the Geometric and Archaic Periods, it was commonly a bell-shaped armour made of bronze; it consisted of two hip-length plates that widened towards the bottom and were attached to each other at the sides. This thorax offered excellent cover against blows from lances and swords or shots from arrows, but it was extremely heavy and cumbersome and limited the soldiers' mobility to a great extent. It was therefore replaced…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Attica (Θρία/ Thría). Large Attic paralia deme, chief town of the coastal Trittys (Trittyes), Oineis phyle, from 126/7 AD part of the Hadrianis phyle, seven (eight) bouleutaí; situated in the plain of Eleusis [1] named after T. ( Thriásion pedíon) at modern Aspropyrgos (formerly Kalyvia) 5 km to the northeast of Eleusis (cf. [3]); an aqueduct led from the Parnes to T. IG II2 2500 (found in Eleusis) relates to an agora, to which the Thriasians and the Eleusinians had access. From T. itself there are no re…

[German version] (Ἱπποτο/αμάδαι; Hippoto/amádai). Attic asty?-deme of the phyle Oeneis, from 307/6 BC until 201/200 BC of Demetrias, with one bouleutḗs. Location unknown. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography E. Meyer, s.v. H., RE Suppl. 10, 325f. Traill, Attica, 9, 19, 49, 62, 70, 110 no. 56, table 6, 12 Id., Demos and Trittys, 1986, 133.

[German version] (Θράσυμος; Thrásymos). Significant mining area in the Attic deme of Sunium in Laurium, connected with other mining areas by roads, located in the Botsari valley on account of the site where IG II2 2638 was found . Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography H. Lohmann, Atene, 1993, Index s. v. Th., ill. 12.

[German version] (Πρασία/ Prasía, Πρασίαι/ Prasíai). Attic paralia deme, phyle Pandionis, three bouleutaí. P. and Stiria lay on the Bay of Porto Raphti (modern Limen Mesogeias), where the place name has survived as Pras(i)as (Str. 9,1,22; Thuc. 8,95,1; Liv. 31,45,10; Steph. Byz. s. v. Π.; [4. 67 ff.]). Settlement remains can be found in the boundaries of Natso [1; 2]. Paus. 1,31,1 records a Temple of Apollo, IG II2 4977 a cult of the Heraclides. In 286/5 BC, P. and Stiria were relocated to the Coronea peninsula and fortified [3; 4]; in 262 BC, the Macedonians took the fortress by storm. Lohman…

[German version] (Οἰνηίς/ Oinēís). After Cleisthenes' [2] phyle reform (508/7 BC) the sixth of the ten Attic phylai, with eponymous hero Οἰνεύς/ Oineús (Paus. 1,5,2). In the 4th cent. it had thirteen dḗmoi, eight in the asty trittys, two (?) in the paralia trittys, and four in the mesogeia trittys. Three dḗmoi switched in 307/6-201/0 BC to the Macedonian phyle of Demetrias, Butadae in 224/3 to Ptolemaïs, Tyrmeidae in 201/200 to Attalis, and Thria in 127/8 AD to Hadrianis. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica, 9, 19f., 23, 28, 48ff., 55, 57, 71, 102, 105f., 133, table 6  J.S.…

[German version] (Κίκυννα; Kíkynna). Attic mesogeia deme of the phyle  Acamantis, two (three) bouleutai. Only one deme of C. is verifiable [1. 83; 3. 20]. Its location is uncertain (Chalidou? [1. 48; 2]). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Traill, Attica, 19, 48, 59, 68, 83, 110 no. 67, table 5 2 J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 132 3 Whitehead, Index s.v. K.

[German version] (Αἰγηίς; Aigēís). Following the reforms by  Cleisthenes A. was the second of the ten Attic phyles (IG II/III2 1740 ff.), named after the eponymous hero  Aegeus. In the 4th cent. BC, Aegeis comprised the following demes: eight   asty- , five   paralia- and eight   mesogeia . In 308/7 BC, four of those changed over to the Macedonian phyles of  Antigonis or  Demetrias; following their dissolution in 201/200 BC, they rejoined the A.  Cydantidae transferred in 224/3 BC to the  Ptolemais,  Icarium in 201/200 BC t…

[German version] (Ἱπποθοντίς; Hippothontís). Since Cleistenes' reform of the phyles, the 8th of 10 phyles of Attica; eponymous hero Hippothoon. At the time of the 10 phyles in the 4th cent. BC, the H. comprised 17 (6? asty-, 7? paralia, 4? mesogeia-) demes [1. 11f., 51f., 102] primarily around Eleusis and in north-west Attica; several are not located [1. map]. In 307/6 BC Coele and Oenoe (modern Myupolis) changed to the Demetrias, Auridae or Corydallus to the Antigonis, in 224/3 BC Oion Dekeleikon and Oenoe (from the Demetrias) to the …

[German version] (Κρωπίδαι; Krōpídai). Attic mesogea deme of the Leontis phyle, a bouleutḗs, also attested as Κρωπιάς or Κρῶπες (Steph. Byz. s.v. Κρωπιά), Κρωπίδης demoticon. Cropia was probably the name of the region [2. 2019]. Κλωπίδαι, which is also attested on inscriptions (Aristoph. Equ. 79) [2], possibly belonged to Aphidna [3. 90f., 116 no. 19; 4. 55, 62]. In 431 BC  Archidamus [1] travelled to Acharnae through C., which is located by [3. 47; 4. 131] to the west of Ano Liosia (Thuc. 2,19). With Eupyr…