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[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: City of the Celtiberian Arevaci, mansio on the Caesaraugusta–Toletum road, modern Sigüenza. In 195 BC besieged by Cato [1] (Liv. 34,19,10), also significant in the Sertorian War (77-72 BC, Sertorius; App. B Civ. 1,110; Plut. Sertorius 21). A bishop's see in the Christian Period. Ferrer Maestro, Juan José (Castellón) Bibliography Tovar 3, 365  TIR K 30 Madrid, 1993, 208.

[German version] Capital of the Contestani near the eastern coast of Spain on the great coastal road (Geogr. Rav. 304,4) on a high mountain (Sil. Pun. 3,373 celsa arce), in a fertile area, modern Játiva. From the end of the 3rd cent. BC onwards numerous coins with S. or Saiti. Mentioned in Plin. HN 3,25 as a municipium Augustum; in the Imperial period  S. was famous for its linen industry ( sudaria Saetaba, Catull. 12,14; Plin.  HN 19,9; Sil.  Pun.  loc. cit.). Ferrer Maestro, Juan José (Castellón) Bibliography Tovar 3, 211  H. Galsterer, Untersuchungen zum römischen Städtewesen auf d…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Theatre | Caesar | | Commerce | Hispania, Iberia | Punic Wars | Punic Wars | Pyrenean peninsula (Greek Σάγουντος/ Ságountos, Ζάκανθα/ Zákantha; residents Latin Saguntini, Saguntii; Greek Ζακανθαῖοι/ Zakanthaȋoi; Iberian name of the city apparently Arse, cf. the coins). City in the territory of the Edetani on the last foothill of the northeastern edge of the mountain range (170 m above normal zero), today 5 km from the eastern coast of Spain (the ancient sources provide divergent i…

[German version] (Οὐαρία/ Ou aría). City of the Berones on a bridge over the Iberus [1] (modern Ebro), which was navigable downstream from there on (Plin. HN 3,21; cf. Str. 3,4,12; Ptol. 2,6,55), mansio on the Tarraco-Asturica road (It. Ant. 393), modern Varea in the west of Logroño (Rioja). The original Iberian settlement was on modern Monte Cantabria and was relocated to the plain in the 1st cent. BC. Archaeological remains: various house foundations, floor mosaics. Ferrer Maestro, Juan José (Castellón) Bibliography W. Espinosa, V. en el universo romano, in: J. Sesma (ed.), Histo…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Coloniae City of the Turdetani, tax-free colonia Augusta Gemella in the conventus of Astigis (Plin. HN 3,12; erroneously as a city of the Turduli in Ptol. 2,4,11: Τοῦκκι; modern Martos, in the province of Jaén). Mentioned in the context of battles between the Lusitani under Viriatus with Rome in 144 BC (Diod. 33,7,5; App. Ib. 290). Ferrer Maestro, Juan José (Castellón) Bibliography A. Schulten, s. v. T. (1), RE 7 A, 765 Tovar 1, 119 f.; 131; 167.

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Theatre | Coloniae | Pyrenean peninsula (Ὄρσων/ Órsōn). Iberian city in Hispania Baetica in the valley of the lower Baetis (Diod. Sic. 33,21,1; Bell. Hisp. 26; 28; 41 f.: Ursao; Str. 3,2,2: Οὔρσων/ Oú rsōn; Plin. HN 3,12; App. Ib. 274; Ptol. 2,4,14: Οὐρβόνη/ Ou rbónē), modern Osuna to the east of Hispalis (Sevilla). The settlement, which was probably already significant in the 3rd cent. BC, was one of the centres of resistance to Rome in the battle of the Lusitani under Viriatus in 1…

[German version] [1] Modern Valencia This item can be found on the following maps: | Coloniae | Commerce | Pilgrimage | Pyrenean peninsula (modern Valencia). Roman city in the territory of the Edetani in the lower valley of the Turia [2] near the sea (Mela 2,92; Ptol. 6,6,61). There is no archaeological evidence there of a pre-Roman Iberian city, in Avien. 481 f. called Tyris. V. was founded in 138 BC by the consul D. Iunius [I 14] for veterans (probably the Roman ones, not the Iberians) of the war with Viriatus (App.…

[German version] [1] Wife of Q. Lucretius [II 5] Vespillo, 1st cent. BC Wife of the senator Q. Lucretius [II 5] Vespillo, saved her husband by concealing him from the proscriptions of 43 BC (Val. Max. 6,7,2; App. B Civ. 4,189-192). Her long-standing traditional identification with the deceased addressed in an epigraphically preserved funerary oration from Rome (known as the Laudatio Turiae ) is uncertain but not ruled out (cf. [1. 10 f.], sceptical: [2. 1-8]). T. would then have died no later than 9 BC after 41 years of marriage. Kierdorf, Wilhelm (Cologne) Bibliography 1 A. E. Gor…