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Roman surname (Schulze 78; ThlL, Onom. 2,765-770). The fictive early republican relatives of Curtius[I 1-3] are said to be the explanation for the name Lacus Curtius [1. 75ff.]. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] C., M. Hero of Roman legend Hero of Roman legend. When a crevice opened on the forum in 362 BC and an oracle announced that it would not close up until Rome's greatest possessions were sacrificed to guarantee the eternity of Rome, Curtius interpreted this as a sign of military bravery and jumped in full armour with h…

Name of a family that came from Praeneste, which is documented there already in the Republican era. An Anician achieved the consulate in 160 BC (see [I 4]), but otherwise the tribe does not distinguish itself again in the Republic. In the imperial era, however, the gens blossomed; from the post-Diocletian era until the 4th cent. AD as an urban Roman family, and then, continued by the members of the female line, emerged as Christian aristocracy of great significance in the 5th cent [1]. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) I. Republican era [German version] …

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[German version] [1] Q., Roman officer (46 BC) Q., officer (military tribune ?) of Pompey in Spain in 46 BC. (Dio 43,29,3) [1]. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] Cn. (middle of the 1st cent. BC) Cn., accuser of M.  Saufeius 52 BC (Ascon. 55C). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Nicolet 2, 779-781. …

The senatorial family came from Saepinum, where a large number of their inscriptions and buildings have been recovered. It entered the Senate no later than under Emperor Nero; its last members are attested in the 4th cent. [German version] …

Name of a Roman plebeian family, in the late Republic also often spelt Plotius, with no clear difference in use (cf. Claudius/Clodius). The earliest epigraphic evidence comes from Praeneste (among it the maker of the Ficoronian Cista, Novios Plautios, CIL I2 561), while the family in Rome achieved political eminence after 367 BC (Münzer ther…

Name of a Roman plebeian family, who probably came from Latium and was accepted into Roman nobility when Latium was integrated politically in 338 BC ( Latin law). The most important branches were first the Salinatores, then the Drusi (on the cognomen see Drusus). The third wife of Augustus and mother of the emperor Tiberius, Livia [2] Drusilla came from this branch (Stemma see…

[German version] Equestrian praefectus [5] castrorum of the Legio II Augusta in Britain, who did not follow the orders of the governor Suetonius Paulinus during Boudicca's revolution in AD 60. Since he had deprived his legion of participation in the victory he killed himself (Tac. Ann. 14,34-37, esp. 37,3). PIR2 P 530. Eck, Werner (Cologne)

Roman nomen gentile, in the form Vitellia also a place name, diminutive of Vitulus (thus [1]). The information on the early history of the family in Suet. Vit. 1,1-3 is fictitious. I. Republican period [German version] [I 1] The name is first recorded in the late Republican period. Therefore, the Vitellii fratres, who wanted to topple the young Republic with the Aquilii fratres (Aquillius [I 1]) in 509 BC according to annalistic tradition (Liv. 2,4,1-3; Plut. Publicola 3,4), are fictitious; likewise fictitious is the wife of the founder of the Republic L. Iunius [I 4] Brutus, Vitellia (Suet. Vit. 1,2). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Walde/Hofmann 2, 807. II. Imperial period [German version] [II 1] A. V. Son of V. [II 5], brother of V. [II 3], [II 6] and [II 8]. Admission to the Senate perhaps first under Tiberius [1]. It is only possible that CIL VI 879 refers to him if an error in the information regarding his father is accepted; otherwise the person named there was his son. Cos. suff. in AD 32; according to Suet. Vit. 2,2, he died during his consulate, which, remarkably, is not mentioned in the Fasti Ostienses . Suet. Vit. 2,2 calls him famosusque cenarum magnificentia ('notorious for the magnificence of his table'). Eck…

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Italian proper name (Schulze, 158, 456; ThlL, Onom. 2, 566f.) attested from 1st cent. BC, so C. [I 1] below is probably unhistorical. …

[German version] Q. R. Martialis. Equestrian of whose offices only the praefectura vigilum between AD 111 and 113 and the praefectura Aegypti between 117 und 119 are attested. In Egypt he had to deal with the afterma…

[German version] [1] C. Mother of Avidius Cassius Wife of Avidius Heliodorus, mother of Avidius Cassius [1. 217]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] C. Marciana Wife of senator Wife of a senator, relative of Cassius Apronianus (I. Eph. 3, 710B; Raepsaet-Charlier no. 197). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [3] C. Paterna Wife of Iulius [II 18] Asper Wife of Iulius Asper, cos. II AD 212 (PIR2 C 529). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography 1 Syme, SHA-Coll., 1987. [German version] [4] C. Byzantine poet and abbess, died c. AD 800/805 (also Cassiane and Eicasia). Byzantine poet a…

(Στέφανος; Stéphanos). [German version] [1] Athenian politician, 4th cent. BC Athenian, son of Antidorides from the deme Eroiadai (Syll.3 205 = IG II/III2 213 = Tod 168: request to renew friendship and alliance with Mytilene in the spring of 346 BC), as prosecutor and politician aligned with Callistratus [2]. The allegation by Apollodorus [1] that S. had attempted to pass off the children of (his children by?) his common-law spouse, Neaera [6], a former hetaera from Corinth, as his own children from a legitimate marr…

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Roman family name, documented from the 1st cent. BC (Schulze 136f.; ThlL, Onom. 54f.). I. Republican Age [German version] [I 1] C., M. Official, 1st cent. AD In 74 BC, judge in the first trial of A. Cluentius Habitus, judge in the  Verres trial in 70 BC; in 69 BC, curule aedile together with Cicero (Cic. Verr. 1,29; MRR 2,132). Possibly praetor in 66 BC, because he was regarded as a candidate for the consulship of 63 BC (Cic. Att. 1,1,1); probably identical with the C. mentioned by Cicero (Att. 12,11).…

Roman family name of Etruscan origin ( Ceicna, Schulze, 75, 285, 567; ThlL, Onom. 15f.), whose bearers belonged to the city aristocracy of Volaterrae (cf. Cic. Fam. 6,6,9), where the family is attested in several branches and partly through richly adorned graves. (CIE 18-24; 36-42 et al.). The lineage appeared in Rome from the 1st cent. BC, but never lost its links with its homeland (cognomen Tuscus in C. [II 9]); villa of the Roman city prefect of AD 414, Caecina Decius Atinatius Albinus, (PLRE 1, 50) near the modern Volterra), where the name also survived in the name of the river ( C. [III 1]) and the place name of Cecina. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) I. Republican Age [German version] [I 1] C., A. Opponent of Caesar in the Civil War, 1st cent. BC An opponent of Caesar in the Civil War, pardoned by him after the battle of Thapsus in April 46 BC (B Afr. 89,5). Will, Wolfgang (Bonn) [German version] [I 2] Legate of Octavian, 1st cent. BC Legate of Octavian (MRR 2, 375f.). With L. Cocceius Nerva, he travelled to Phoenicia …

[German version] [1] C. R. Festus Laelius Firmus Senator, son of procurator C.R. Festus Senator, son of the procurator C. R. Festus; the family hailed from Volsinii …