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Habron

(310 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[German version] (Ἅβρων; Hábrōn). Greek grammarian, a slave of Phrygian origin, taught (and perhaps also studied) first on Rhodes, then in Rome in the 1st half of the 1st cent. AD (Suda α 97 Adler). He was a student of the Aristarchian  Tryphon and dealt with the same topics as the former although he took another position and also criticized the teaching of Aristarchus [4] of Samothrace in regard to pronouns (cf. [1. 1520; 7. 91]). Nine quotations from his work Περὶ ἀντωνυμίας (‘On the pronoun’) ar…

Eutecnius

(225 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[German version] (Εὐτέκνιος; Eutéknios). The famous Cod. Vindobonensis med. gr. 1 (late 5th cent. AD) with the herbal of Pedanius Dioscorides also contains prose paraphrases on  Nicander's Thēriaká and Alexiphármaka [4; 2; 5]. A remark in a manuscript attributes them to a ‘rhetor’ (σοφιστής; sophistḗs) by the name of E., who is to be dated sometime between the 3rd and 5th cents. AD [3. 34-37]; without any solid proof, the following anonymous paraphrases are also attributed to the same E.: on  Oppianus' [4; 6] Halieutiká (from 3,605) and, from as early as C. Gesner in 1555, on…

Lyceas

(104 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[German version] (Λυκέας; Lykéas). Undatable author of épē on the historical and mythical history of his home town of Argus, only known from four quotations in Pausanias (1,13,8; 2,19,5; 2,22,2; 2,23,7) who describes him as ὁ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων ἐξηγητής; ho tôn epichōríōn exēgētḗs (‘The one who explains local traditions’) and uses him as a written source which he compares with oral sources. The poem also told of the death of Pyrrhus (in 272 BC, terminus post quem for the dating.). Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography 1SH 527-530 2FGrH 312 3 C. Bearzot, Storia e storiografia ellenistica …

Hegesianax

(269 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[German version] of Alexandria (Troad). Lived under Antiochus III of Antioch (222-187 BC) and became the king's ‘friend’ ( phílos, SH 464) when he gave him his poetry. In 197 and 193 he was the Seleucid ambassador at the Roman Senate and in 196 with T. Quinctius Flamininus in Corinth. Grammarian, author of the work ‘On the Style of Democritus’ and ‘On the Poetic Style’ as well as astronomical-mythological poetry ( Phainómena, SH fr. 465-467; in total five hexameters have been passed down, but the allocation is uncertain; cf. [7. 73470], with bibliography). H. is the oldest known aut…

Philinne

(84 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[German version] (Φιλίννη; Philínn ē). A papyrus fragment (PAmherst 11) contains three hexameters of a magical incantation (ἐπῳδή; epōidḗ) against headaches, attributed to a certain “P. of Thessaly”. This fragment is physically connected to another (PBerolinensis inv. 7504) from the same roll containing a magic spell by a Syrian woman from Gadara against burns of all sorts. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography 1 SH 900 2 PGM II2, p. 145 3 Pack, No. 1871 (with bibliography) 4 A. Henrichs, Zum Text einiger Zauberpapyri, in: ZPE 6, 1970, 204-209.

Semus

(217 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[German version] (Σῆμος/ Sêmos) of Delos. Greek antiquarian c. 200 AD. The Suda s. v. Σ. (where ὁ Ἠλεῖος is a corruption [1; 4]) mentions him as a 'scholar' (γραμματικός/ grammatikós) and the author of Δηλιακά/Dēliaká ( Delian history, 8 books; in other sources invariably called Δηλιάς sc. συγγραφή/ Dēliás sc. syngraphḗ) and a work On Delos (FGrH 396 F 1-22, for the most part from Athenaeus). It dealt with cultural and religious antiquities and curiosities on and near Delos, presumably in a periegetic structure. Of his work On Paeans a further fragment (FGrH 396 F 24 =  Ath. 14, 62…

Pamprepius

(395 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[German version] (Παμπρέπιος/ Pamprépios) of Panopolis in Egypt. The sources on his biography [1. 7-9] are detailed but often tendentious: Suda s.v. Π. = vol. 4, 13,28-15,28 Adler, with excerpts from Malchus (also in Phot. cod. 242); Hesychius = Suda vol. 4,13,25-27 Adler; the horoscope of P. preserved in Rhetorius; Damascius, Vita Isidori (esp. antipathetic). Born in AD 440, P. studied at Alexandria, where he became acquainted with Hermias and came into contact with Neoplatonic circles. Around the…

Oppianus

(811 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
(Ὀππιανός/ Oppianós). [German version] [1] From Corycus, Author of a didactic poem on fishing O. from Corycus in Cilicia, author, to be distinguished from O. [2], of a didactic poem entitled Ἁλιευτικά/ Halieutiká, 'On Fishing', 3506 verses in 5 books, which is dedicated to Marcus [1] Aurelius and Commodus (177-180 AD). Sources for his biography: vitae in a series of manuscripts; according to which O. was banished by Septimius Severus and received back into Rome by Caracalla (Suda s.v. Ὀ.; Athen. 1,13c). Content: books 1 and 2 …

Colluthus

(381 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[German version] (Κόλλουθος; Kóllouthos). A Greek native of Lycopolis in Egypt, who lived during the reign of Anastasius I (AD 491-518). Biography: Suda s.v. Κόλουθος, 3,1951, according to this Cod. Ambrosianus gr. 661; for the form of the name cf. [1, XI-XII]. Epic poet, author of a poem about the Calydonian Boar Hunt ( Kalydōniaká in six bks.), of encomia (hymns of praise) in hexameters and of an epic poem Persiká, which may have dealt with Anastasius's triumphs over the Persians in the year 505 (cf. [4]). His surviving work is a small epic poem in 392 verses, the ‘Rape of Helen…

Phoronis

(129 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[German version] (Φορωνίς/Phorōnís). Epic by an anonymous author, 7th/6th cent. BC. It received its name from a hero from Tiryns, Phoroneus, the 'father of all men' (fr. 1 PEG). The frequency of the word πρῶτος/ prȏtos, 'the first', in the fragments indicates the poet's interest in the first beginnings of human life. Fr. 2: the Daktyloi Idaioi discover the art of Hephaestus. Fr. 4: Callithoe [2] is the first to adorn the great statue of the 'Argive' Hera: the epithet is problematic (bibliography in [1. 120]). Paus. 2,15,5 and 2,1…

Soterichus

(104 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[German version] (Σωτήριχος/ Sōtḗrichos). Epic writer of the 3rd/4th cents. AD from Hyasis (in Libya), lived under Diocletianus (AD 284-305), and, according to Suda s. v. Σ., wrote an encomium to him. Further works: Bassariká or Dionysiaká (4 books), Pantheia of Babylon, Ariadne, Life of Apollonius of Tyana, Python or Alexandriacus (on the storming of Thebes by Alexander [4] the Great) and an epic on his own homeland; Schol. Lycoph. 486 [2. 64111] also mentions Kaledōniaká (on the myth of the Caledonian boar) [2]. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography 1 FGrH 641 2 M. Ch. G. Müller,…

Eudaemon

(181 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[German version] (Εὐδαίμων; Eudaímōn). Correspondent of  Libanius (Ep. 167; 255; 633) and his ‘fraternal’ friend for over thirty years (cf. Ep. 108; 132; 164; 315; 632; 826; 1057), from Pelusium in Egypt, born before AD 337 (probably c. 314/24: [2. 279]), died before AD 392. According to the Suda (ε 3407) a ‘grammarian’ (but he may also have taught rhetoric), author of a Τέχνη γραμματική/ Téchnē grammatikḗ (‘Grammar’) and an Ὀνοματικὴ ὀρθογραφία/ Onomatikḕ orthographía (‘Orthography of Names’) (cf. Lib. Ep. 255,7, regarding E.'s opinion on the vocative of Ἡρακλῆς/ Heraklês), which …

Hegesianax

(253 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[English version] aus Alexandreia (Troas). Lebte unter Antiochos III. von Antiocheia (222-187 v.Chr.) und wurde, als er dem König seine Gedichte schenkte, dessen “Freund” ( phílos, SH 464). 197 und 193 war er seleukidischer Botschafter beim röm. Senat, 196 bei T. Quinctius Flamininus in Korinth. Grammatiker, Verf. des Werkes ‘Über den Stil des Demokritos und ‘Über den poetischen Stil sowie astronomisch-myth. Gedichte ( Phainómena, SH fr. 465-467; insgesamt fünf Hexameter sind überliefert, doch ist die Zuweisung unsicher; vgl. [7. 73470], mit Lit.). H. ist der älteste beka…

Epimerismi

(525 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[English version] ἐπιμερισμοί sind “Einteilungen” (Apollonios Dyskolos, Syntaxis 491,13 Schneider-Uhlig; lat. partitiones, Priscianus) “von Versen oder Sätzen in Worte” (in diesem Sinne benutzt S. Emp. adv. Math. 1,159-168 im 2. Jh.n.Chr. μερισμός): Jedes Wort wurde grammatisch und prosodisch, manchmal auch semantisch analysiert. Es handelt sich dabei um ein Unterrichtsmittel der byz. Schule (Tzetzes zu Hes. erg. 285), das im 11.-12. Jh. die Bezeichnung schedographia (“das Schreiben von Lehrstücken”, σχέδη, mit ungewisser Etym. [7. 127]) erhielt und in erst…

Menophilos

(33 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[English version] von Damaskos, nur durch 15 von Stobaios zitierte Hexameter aus seinem Gedicht ‘Locken (Πλοκαμῖδες) bekannt, einem Gesang auf die Schönheit der Locke seiner Geliebten. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography SH 558.

Bayern

(7,184 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) RWG
Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) RWG [English version] A. Von den Klöstern zum Humanismus (RWG) Charakteristisch für die karolingische Epoche in B. ist das Bemühen um die Überlieferung und die Verbreitung der lat. Kultur. Zeugnis darüber legen die Überreste der alten Bibliotheken und Skriptorien der Bischofsitze (z.B. St. Emmeran, Freising, Prüfening bei Regensburg, Passau, Salzburg) und der Klöster ab, wo neben christl. auch pagane Autoren bezeugt sind: Vergil, Horaz, Lukan, Sallust, Ovid, Persius, Statius, Terenz…

Kallistos

(72 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[English version] (Κάλλιστος). Verf. eines Epos über die Perserkriege des Kaisers Iulianus, den er als domesticus auf seinen Feldzügen begleitete (Sokr. 3,21,14-17). Er erzählte, wie der Kaiser von einem Daimon geschlagen gestorben sei. Möglicherweise ist K. identisch mit Kallistion, dem ep. Dichter und Assessor des praefectus praetorio Orientis Sallustius Secundus, an den die Briefe 1233 und 1251 des Libanios gerichtet sind. Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography O. Seeck, RE Suppl. 4, 864.

Palaiphatos

(585 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[English version] (Παλαίφατος, “der, der alte Gesch. erzählt”). Unter diesem Pseudonym ist die Slg. Περὶ ἀπίστων (‘Über unglaubliche Dinge) überl., die 52 kurze Kapitel über ebensoviele Mythen enthält. Die Suda verzeichnet unter P. vier Personen dieses Namens. Der erste ist ein epischer Dichter aus Athen, Verf. einer Kosmogonie; der zweite stammt laut Suda aus Paros oder Priene (Πριηνεύς verm. falsch statt Παριανεύς, d.h. “aus Parion”: das Lex. schwankt also vielleicht zw. der Insel Paros und der Stadt Parion am Hellespont), der dritte aus Abydos, der vierte (als grammatikós bezei…

Peisinos

(25 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[English version] (Πεισῖνος). Verf. einer Hērákleia, die Peisandros [6] angeblich ‘gestohlen’ haben soll (Clem. Al. strom. 6,2,25,2). Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari) Bibliography PEG I, 164.

Eudaimon

(165 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera (Sassari)
[English version] (Εὐδαίμων). Briefpartner des Libanios (epist. 167; 255; 633) und dessen “brüderlicher” Freund über mehr als dreißig Jahre (vgl. epist. 108; 132; 164; 315; 632; 826; 1057), aus Pelusion in Ägypten, vor 337 n.Chr. geb. (wahrscheinlich ca. 314/24: [2. 279]), vor 392 n.Chr. gestorben. Der Suda (ε 3407) zufolge ‘Grammatiker’ (er lehrte jedoch vielleicht auch Rhet.), Verf. einer Τέχνη γραμματική /‘Grammatik und einer Ὀνοματικὴ ὀρθογραφία /‘Orthographie der Namen (vgl. Lib. epist. 255,7…
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