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[German version] (Ὀή/ Oḗ, Οἴη/ Oíē; demotikon Ὀῆθεν/ Oêthen; Οἰῆθεν/ Oiêthen [1]). Attic paralia deme, phyle of Oineis, with six (or seven) bouleutaí; probably location in Thriasia to the northeast of Aspropirgos, cf. Soph. OC 1059ff. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 S. Dow, The Attic Demes Oa and Oe, in: AJPh 84, 1963, 166-181. Traill, Attica, 19, 49, 67, 111 nr. 92, table 6  J.S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 57, 134  Whitehead, Index s.v. O.

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Lycii, Lycia (Κρύα; Krýa; Καρύα; Karía, Ptol. 5,3,2; Crya fugitivorum, Plin. HN 5,103; now Taşyaka). Fortified town in the Rhodian Peraea on the south-west coast of Asia Minor in Lycia on the gulf of Telmessus, 2,4 km west-north-west of Fethiye. Sources: Mela 1,16; Steph. Byz. s.v. Krya Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography G. E. Bean, s.v. Taşyaka, PE, 886 Id., Kleinasien 4, 1980, 31, 34 Id., P. M. Fraser, The Rhodian Peraea, 1954, 55f. GGM 1, 494f. no. 258f. P. Roos, Topographical and Other Notes on South-Eastern Cari…

[German version] (Εὐώνυμον; Euṓnymon). Attic asty deme of the phyle Erechtheis, ten (from 307/6 BC twelve) bouleutai. Its location has been pinpointed to ‘Trachones’ (modern Alimos) on the Leophoros Vouliagmenis because of epigraphical evidence. There are also Mycenaean tombs [1] and a late geometric necropolis [2; 6. 7]. E. had a northern border with Alopece, an eastern one with Hymettus, whilst in the south it bordered on Aexone and in the west on Halimus. North of the airport is the theatre of E. with an ort…

[German version] (Πίδασα; Pídasa). Fortified Carian settlement on (Mount) Grion, modern Ilbıra Daǧi, above Danişment, with two acropoleis (modern Cert Osman Kalesi) [1; 2. 91f.; 5]. After 494 BC the Persians gave Milesia ὑπεράκρια/ hyperákria ('on the heights') , the uplands of Miletus [2], to the Pidaseis (Hdt. 6,20). P. was a member of the Delian League (tribute of one talent, ATL 1, 535), and concluded a sympoliteía between 323 and 313 BC with Latmus [2] (cf. [1]), and between 188/7 and 178/7 BC with Miletus [2] (cf. [1. 139; 3; 4. 283f.]), which sent a detachment to garrison P. Lohmann…

[German version] (Βερενικίδαι; Berenikídai). Attic deme of the Ptolemais phyle established in 224/23 BC and named after  Berenice, wife of Ptolemy III Euergetes. Possibly located around Eleusis (cf. grave inscription IG II2 5868 from Mandra and IG II2 5888 from Eleusis). The announcer of the decree on demes (?) IG II2 1221 (found at Eleusis) came from the B. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica, 29f., 109 (no. 25), table 13.

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Laurium | Attica | Attica (Σούνιον/ Soúnion). Cape in the southeast of Attica, Attic paralia deme (Str. 9,1,22), phyle of Leontis, from 201/0 BC Attalis, four (six) bouleutaí. The territory of S. ( c. 28 km2) bordered on Amphitrope in the west (border inscription on the Spitharopussi [1. 11 f. pl. 3]), and Thoricus in the north and, in Nape and Thrasymus, encompassedtwo significant mining districts of Laurium. The cults of Poseidon and Athena Sounias on the cape stretched back into the late Geometric Period. In c. 600 BC colo…

[German version] (Κυνόσαργες; Kynósarges). Sanctuary of Hercules first mentioned for the year 490 BC (Hdt. 6,116) with a gymnasium in the deme Diomea south of the Ilissus in front of the walls of Athens (Plut. Themistocles 1; Diog. Laert. 6,13; Steph. Byz. s.v. Κ.). Because of the finding-place of IG II2 1665 it is vaguely considered to lie near Hagios Pantelemon. The link between a dromos to Agrae (IG II2 2119 Z. 128) and C. is doubtful. The C. gymnasium was meant for illegitimate children (  nóthoi ) (Dem. Or. 23,213; Ath. 6,234E; Plut. Themistocles 1,2). At…

[German version] (Πανιόνιον; Paniónion). Central sanctuary of the Ionian amphiktyonía on the Mycale (Hdt. 1,142f.; 148; modern Dilek Yarımadası) that celebrated the festival of Paniṓnia with a panḗgyris ('festive meeting') and a bull sacrifice to Poseidon Helikonios (i.e. of Helice: Str. 8,7,2; Hom. Il. 20, 403f.) there. Founded according to the Marmor Parium (IG XII 5, 444) in 1086/5 BC (cf. Paus. 7,4,10) and according to Kleiner [1. 9] only on the occasion of the destruction of Melia (in whose territory the P. lay) between 663 and 657 BC, the P. belonged from that time onward to P…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Achaemenids | Persian Wars | Delian League (Μυοῦς; Myoûs). Small port in Ionia on the former Gulf of Latmia, now 18km from the sea at Avşar Kale. As a member of the Pan-Ionic amphiktyonía (Hdt. 1,142), it provided three ships for the naval battle of Lade in 494 BC (Hdt. 6,8). During the 5th cent. BC it was ruled by Themistocles (Thuc. 1,138), before joining the Delian League (ATL 4, Index s.v. M.); in the 3rd cent., M. lost its political independence to Mile…

[German version] (Θυργωνίδαι; Thyrgōnídai). Kṓmē in the territory of the 'constitutional' Attic deme  Aphidna, changed together with the latter from the Aiantis [1] phyle into the Ptolemaïs [10] phyle in 224/3 BC (IG II2 2362, Z. 49; Harpocr.  s. v. Θ.). Not an independent deme until the Roman period. Hsch. s.v. Θ.; EM s.v. Τιτακίδαι/ Titakídai. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica 30, 88, 121 No. 41.

[German version] (Ὑδροῦσσα/ Hydroûssa; also Ὑδρόεσσα/ Hydróessa, Ὑδροῦσα/ Hydroûsa, Ὕδρουσα/ Hýdrousa; ‘rich in water’). The name of numerous islands, the one in Attica was off the coast of  Aexone according to Str. 9,1,21. However, the name does not fit any of the rocky islands off the western coast of Attica. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography L. Bürchner, s.v. H., RE 9, 79 W. Kolbe, s.v. H., RE 9, 87.

[German version] (Λαμπτραί; Lamptraí). Attic deme of the phyle Erechtheis, 307/6-201/0 BC of Antigonis, that consisted of the smaller mesogeia deme of ‘upper L.’ (Λ. καθύπερθεν) with five bouleutaí and the larger coastal deme of ‘lower L.’ (Λ. ὑπένερθεν or παράλοι, ‘on the coast’), with nine bouleutaí (Harpocr. s.v. Λαμπτρεῖς; Hsch. s.v. Λαμπτρά). Upper L. comprised Lambrika, which preserves the name, with the centre of the deme near Kitsi. Important early Mycenaean acropolis of Kiapha Thiti and Mycenaean necropoleis at this location [1. 54…

[German version] (Ἀχαρναί; Acharnaí). Largest Attic deme, the only mesogeia trittys of the phyle Oeneis, 22 bouleutai. 60 stadia from Athens (Thuc. 2,21,2) near or south-west of Menidi. Its borders are disputed [7], as are Thuc.'s (2,19 [1; 5; 8]) records of 3,000  hoplitai -- probably an incorrect transcript of 1,000 [1; 8. 397 ff.], a number commensurate with the ‘standard relation’ of 42 full citizens per bouleutes [3. 286 f.]. Mycenaean tholos-tomb near Lykopetra south of Menidi, also a Bronze-Age settlement in Nemesis [2; 6]. In classical times, a deme o…

[German version] (Ἀλωπεκή; Alōpekḗ). Attic   asty-deme of the phyle  Antiochis, 10-12 bouleutai [3]. 11-12 stadia ( c. 2 km) outside the city (Aeschin. In Tim. 99). Since according to Hdt. 5,63 the grave of  Anchimolus lay in A. by the heracleum of Cynosarges in  Diomea, A. bordered to the north on Diomea, and in the west on  Phalerum. Located earlier near Katsipodi or Ambelokipi [3. 53; 2; 1] (today Daphni / Hagios Dimitrios). IG II2 3683 (place where found ‘Angelokipi’ [sic!]), documents the cult of  Aphrodite, Alci. 3,37, of  Hermaphroditus, IG II2 1596(A) l. 5 a   hieromnemon …

[German version] (Εἰρεσίδαι; Eiresídai). Attic asty deme of the phyle Acamantis. One (or two)  bouleut(ai). A plot of land owned by Plato in E. bordered on the river Cephissus to the west (Diog. Laert. 3,41), which probably formed the boundary of the demos. Therefore, E. was probably located west of the Colonus Hippios and north-west of the Platonic Academy (an epitaph from the 4th cent. BC of two dēmótai from E. was found in the north-west [1. 8 fig. 8]) between the Hodos Kephissou and the Leophoros Athenon. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 P. D. Stavropullos, Ἀνασκαφαὶ Ἀρχαίας Ἀ…

[German version] (Μελία; Melía). According to Hecat. (FGrH 1 F 11, with Steph. Byz. s.v. Μ.) a city in Caria, according to Vitr. De arch. 4,1,4-6 one of the ancient Ionian cities. It was destroyed by the Ionians around 700 BC, and the territory between Samos and Priene was divided up (IPriene Nr.37). Since [1. 78-167] the late Geometric/early Archaic hilltop enclosure on the Kale Tepe by Güzel Çamlı north of the Mycale (today's Samsun Dağı) is considered to be M. But it should rather be localized as the ruins on the Mycale (ibid. also the archaic Panionium? [2. 1371]) discovered in 1999. Lohmann,…

(Ἑκάλη; Hekálē). [German version] [1] Att. Heroine, hostess of Theseus Heroine of the like-named Attic deme on Pentelicon, who takes in  Theseus, who has been surprised by a storm on his way to fight the Bull of Marathon, very hospitably despite her poverty. As he returns after his victory, he finds her dead and out of gratitude establishes a cult to her and  Zeus Hekal(ei)os, at which the surrounding demes meet for an annual sacrifice.  Callimachus (Hecale fr. 230-377) and Plut. Thes. 14,6b-c (= Philocho…

[German version] (Στειριά/ Steiriá, Στειρία/ Steiría, Στιρία/ Stiría, Στηριά/ Stēriá). Attic Paralia deme of the Pandionis phyle, three (four) bouleutaí, on the eastern coast of Attica between Prasiae and Brauron on the bay of Porto Raphti (Str. 9,1,22; modern Limen Mesogeias) to the north of the Punta peninsula [1. 68-70]. The Steiriakḗ hodós ('S. Road') connected S. with Athens (Pl. Hipparch. 229a). Steirians took part in the colonisation of Euboea [1] (Str. 10,1,6). The Phegaeans in IG II2 2362 probably formed a kṓmē ('rural community') of S. [2. 55, 57…

[German version] (Φρεάρριοι; Phreárrhioi). Large Attic Paralia deme of the Leontis phyle, with nine (ten) bouleutaí. The name is not derived from φρέαρ/ phréar, 'well, shaft', rather it is pre-Greek [1. 74568]. The find of a cult calendar secures its location to the north of the southern Attic Olympus [2] at modern Pheriza. In the east and south P. bordered on Anaphlystus [1. 74f.; 2]. Quarries in P.: [1. 78568]. Themistocles was from P. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 H. Lohmann, Atene, 1993, Index s.v. P. 2 E. Vanderpool, A lex sacra of the Attic Deme P., in: Hesperia 39,…

[German version] (Σκολοπόεις; Skolopóeis). Place on the coast between Priene and Thebae on the River Gaeson and at the southern foot of the Mycale mountains with a sanctuary to Eleusinian Demeter (probably at modern Domatia [1. 17]), where in 479 BC the Greeks won a victory over the Persians (Hdt. 9,97; Persian Wars [1]). Border with Thebae: IPriene 361. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Th. Wiegand, Priene. Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen und Untersuchungen in den Jahren 1895-1898, 1904.