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[German version] Oldest historian of the Britons with the epithet Sapiens. G. was a Romanized Celt from western Britain, was born before AD 504 and wrote before 547, as a Christian who was fully committed to Roman culture, the work De excidio et conquestu Britanniae that was important for the history of the island during and after the decline of Roman rule. A description of the topography is followed by the history in Roman times, emphasizing the events of Church history. The invasion of the Anglo-Saxons is interpreted as a punishment fro…

[German version] Gallic aristocrat, named comes et magister utriusque militiae per Gallias by emperor  Maiorianus in AD 456 or 457, lost Cologne to the Franks, wrested Lyon from the Burgundians in 458 and defended Arles against the West Goths, whom he defeated in 463 in league with the Salic king Childerich at Orléans. In 461 he refused to recognize Maiorianus' successor and created for himself in North Gallia an independent power base centred in Soisson, which he, until his death in 464/65, asserted above…

[German version] Attested in the general sense of ‘list’ from Tertullianus (Ad nat. 1,13), common as a technical term for the list of all civil and military office bearers from the 4th cent. AD. In the notitia dignitatum , among the insignia of the primicerius notariorum a codex-like object (probably a container for loose sheets) with the supplement laterculum maius (Not. Dign. Or. 18,2; Not. Dign. Occ. 16,3) is to be found. It was the list of the high imperial offices, presumably kept by the most senior notary from the time of Constantinus [1] I, as it…

[German version] The NUC is a description of the 14 regions of Constantinopolis with their churches, palaces, baths, etc., as well as a listing of municipal officials. This compilation, written in Latin, was drawn up under the Emperor Theodosius II around AD 425. Notitia dignitatum; Theodosius II Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin) Bibliography Edition: O. Seeck, Notitia dignitatum, 1876, 227-243. Literature: P. Speck, Zur Datierung der N.u.C., in: H.-G. Beck (ed.), Studien zur Frühgeschichte Konstantinopels, 1973, 144ff.

[German version] (Ζήμαρχος/ Zḗmarchos). Magister militum per Orientem under the emperor Iustinus [4] II, a Cilician by origin who led a legation to the khan Sizabulus of the Turks (AD 552-576) to the central Asiatic region of Sogdiana in the years 569-571/2, rather than 568/9. He took part in Sizabulus' campaign against the Persians, concluded a treaty with the Turks and returned after an adventuresome voyage over the Volga. The account of this legation is very important for its information about the T…

[German version] Spanish relative, probably cousin, of the emperor Honorius [3]; after the collapse of the resistance put up by his brothers Didymus and Verenianus against the usurper Constantinus [3] III in Spain in AD 408/9, he fled to the eastern part of the Empire (Zos. 6,4,4; Sozom. Hist. eccl. 9,12,1; cf. Oros. 7,40,5-8). PLRE 2,654; cf. 358, 1099, 1155. Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin)

[German version] A. Work Historia Augusta (HA) is the modern title of the Scriptores historiae Augustae (SHA), as Casaubonus in 1603, following the Vita Taciti (10,3), named the six otherwise unknown authors Aelius Spartianus, Iulius Capitolinus, Vulcacius Gallicanus, Aelius Lampridius, Trebellius Pollio and Flavius Vopiscus from Syracuse. They feature as the compilers of a collection of  biographies of Roman emperors, heirs apparent and usurpers from the time of Hadrian (AD 117-138) to Numerianus and Carinus (283-284/…

[German version] Sister of the emperor Iustinianus [1] I, married to Dulcidius, mother of Praeiecta, of the magister militum and patricius Marcellus [7] and of the emperor Iustinus [4] II, who was born c. AD 510-515; she was still alive for his ascension to the throne in 565 and she had influence over him (Procop. Vand. 2,24,3; Victor Tonnunensis, Chron. Min. ed. Mommsen: MGH AA 2,206; Corippus, In laudem Iustini, praef. 21 f.; 1,8 f.; 2,283). Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin) Bibliography A. Cameron (ed.), Corippus, In laudem Iustini (with an English translation and commentary…

[German version] Comes and alongside Aetius [2], influential magister militum in Gaul, fought from AD 435 with Hunnic troops primarily against the Visigoths. L. subjugated Aremorica, laid waste to the land of the Arvernians, liberated Narbo from the Gothic siege and in 439 was captured near Tolosa and killed by the Goths (Chron. min. 1,475f.; 2,23 Mommsen; Sid. Apoll. Carm. 7,246-50, 300-303; Salv. Gub. 7,10). Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin) Bibliography PLRE 2, 684f. A. Demandt, s.v. magister militum, RE Suppl. 12, 553-790, esp. 666f.

[German version] Praefectus urbis Constantinopolitanae in AD 543; while in office, he resumed charge of the capital's grain supply, which John the Cappadocian ( Iohannes [16]) had assigned to the praefectus praetorio Orientis (Lydus, Mag. 3,38; Nov. Iust. 125). Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin) Bibliography PLRE 3 A, 498 Stein, Spätröm. R., vol. 2, 441.

[German version] Comes et magister utriusque militiae per Gallias in the years AD 451/52-456/457, then replaced by emperor  Maiorianus with  Aegidius and accused, deployed again by  Ricimer in 461 and sent to Gallia, where he gave over the city of Narbo 462 to the West Goths, in order to win them over against Aegidius (Chron. min. 2, 26, 33 Mommsen; MGH SS rer. Merov. 3,109; 149-152). PLRE 2, 37 f. Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin) Bibliography D. Henning, Periclitans res publica, 1999

[German version] [1] Praefectus praetorio 408 to 410 BC Praefectus praetorio Illyrici from AD 408 to 410 (Cod. Theod. 12,1,172; 15,1,49), in whose honour the Sophists erected statues in Athens and Megara (IG II2 4224f.; VII 93).  Iohannes Chrysostomos sent him epist. 201. PLRE 2, 545. Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin) [German version] [2] see Maximianus see  Maximianus

[German version] Flavius Macrobius L., in AD 399 comes sacrarum largitionum ( comes, comites ), as praefectus urbi had the walls and gates of Rome restored in 401-402 because of the threat of the Goths (ILS 797). In 406 L. became praef. praet. italiae, as a friend of Stilicho, when he was overthrown, L. was assassinated on 13 August 408 (Zos. 5,32,7; cf. Sozom. Hist. eccl. 9,4,7). Symmachus wrote to him epist. 7,93-101. Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin) Bibliography PLRE 2,686f. A. Chastagnol, Fastes de la préfecture de Rome, 1962, 255-257 v. Haehling 311-313.

[German version] The Notitia regionum urbis (Romae) XIV, also known as the Libellus de regionibus urbis Romae, is the most comprehensive source for the administrative structure of the city's 14 districts and for the stock of buildings in ancient Rome. Its core description of the city dates back to the reign of Constantinus [1] I, with interpolations from the 4th cent. Notitia dignitatum; Roma Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin) Bibliography Edition: A. Nordh, 1949.

[German version] Iusta Grata H., western Roman empress. Daughter of  Constantius [6] III and of  Galla [3] Placidia, elder sister of  Valentinianus III, born in AD 417 or 418 (Olympiodorus fr. 34 FHG IV 65; Sozom. Hist. eccl. 9,16,2), probably became Augusta before 437 (ILS 817f.). She was forced to take a vow of eternal virginity, but in 449 was expelled from court because of an affair with her procurator and she became betrothed to a senator. She then asked  Attila, king of the Huns, for help an…

[German version] Western Roman usurper in the year AD 413. He murdered  Stilicho in Ravenna in 408 and was rewarded for this by being named comes Africae (Zos. 5,37,6). In spite of the despotism he practiced there he was made consul in 413 (Oros. 7,42,10), but he revolted against  Honorius [3] and landed near Rome with a large fleet. He was defeated and condemned to death on the 3rd of August 413 (Cod. Theod. 15,14,13). He fled to Carthage, where he was killed (Oros. 7,42,14; Zos. 6,7ff.; Chron. min. 1,467, 654; 2,18,71 Mommsen). Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin) Bibliography PLRE 2, 539f. A. Deman…

[German version] ( Notitia provinciarum et civitatum Galliae). The NG is a list, compiled at the end of the 4th and the beginning of the 5th cent., of the 17 Gallic provinces with 115 civitates (local communities), seven castra (B.) and a portus (port). The administrative classification is associated with the eclesiastic division into dioceses ( dioíkēsis II.). More than 100 MSS, often interpolated, attest to the importance of the NG in the Middle Ages. Notitia dignitatum Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin) Bibliography Edition: O. Seeck, Notitia dignitatum, 1876, 261-274  MGH AA 9, 1892, …

[German version] Late ancient official in the officium [6] of the praetorian prefect, who was responsible for issuing licences ( evectiones) for the use of the cursus publicus (Lydus. Mag. 3,4 and 21; Cassiod. Var. 11,29). It is not certain whether this office is identical with that of a regerendarius, which the Notitia dignitatum records in the offices of all praetorian prefects, the city prefect of Rome, magistri militum and a number of comites and duces of the West (Not. Dign. Or. 2,68; 3,29; Not. Dign. Occ. 2,52; 3,47; 4,28; 5,280; 25,44; 30,27 et passim). The latt…

[German version] (Ζηνωνίς/ Zēnōnís). Aelia Z. Augusta, wife of the Eastern Roman counter-emperor Basiliscus (January 475 until August 476), who she seems to have influenced towards a pro-Monophysite church policy. Her son Marcus became co-regent, her alleged lover Armatus became head of the army and consul in 476. After the fall of her husband she and her son were banished with him and killed (Malchus fr. 8 = Suda α 3968, 3970 Adler; Candidus fr. 1 = FHG 4,136; Theophanes, Chronographia 1,121,124 f. de Boor = 187, 192 Mango-Scott). Basiliscus; Monophysitism Johne, Klaus-Peter (Berlin) B…

[German version] State manual or reference book for the internal use of Roman authorities in Late Antiquity. As shown by its full title Notitia dignitatum tam civilium quam militarium in partibus orientis/occidentis (‘Manual of civil and military appointments in the Eastern and Western parts), this two-part work provides an index of positions to be filled by the Emperor in the army and the administration of the imperium orientale (= or.) and occidentale (= occ.). The high civilian and military offices, beginning with the Praetorian and city prefects ( praefectus praetorio ; praefectus…