[German version] (Ὀρθ(ε)ία/ Orth(e)ía, also Ὀρθωσία/ Orthōsía, ορθασία/ Worthasía, Βωρθεία/ Bōrtheía and other names). Greek, especially Peloponnesian goddess. She was, probably from the earliest times on, identified with Artemis, if she was ever separate from her. The meaning and etymology of the name were unclear even in antiquity. O.'s most prominent cult was in Sparta (Limnae), where she was worshipped from the 10th/9th cent. BC until late antiquity [1; 2]. O. played a central role there during initiation and in the agōgḗ [3]. The best known part of h…

[German version] A. Definition and origin The term era describes a regular, continuous series of years beginning from a generally recognized starting point (epoch). Unlike dating based on  eponyms and the counting of the years of a reign (see below), as required for lists of officials or of rulers, knowledge of the year as counted within an epoch makes the conversion of year-numbers possible. The etymology of the word era is disputed (perhaps from the pl. of aes with change of declension). In Spanish inscriptions aera or era (ἔρα; éra) appears as a synonym for anno accompanying numbers of…