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Dietary Laws

(4,404 words)

Author(s): Borgeaud, Philippe | Willi-Plein, Ina | Ebner, Martin | Puza, Richard | Reichman, Ronen | Et al.
[German Version] I. Religious Studies – II. Old Testament – III. New Testament – IV. Christianity – V. Judaism – VI. Islam – VII. Buddhism – VIII. Indian Religions I. Religious Studies A human society's dietary laws and prohibitions give us an excellent insight into its symbolic and ritual practices. The choice of nourishment (preferences and prohibitions) is closely tied to the overall image that a culture develops of itself, with whic…

Sufferings, Paul’s List of

(277 words)

Author(s): Ebner, Martin
[German Version] Lists of Paul’s sufferings and hardships appear in Rom 8:35; 1 Cor 4:11–13; 2 Cor 4:8f.; 6:4–10; 11:23–29; 12:10; Phil 4:12. German New Testament scholars call such a list a Peristasenkatalog, reflecting the terminology of Stoic and Cynic popular philosophy (Stoics, Cynics), where we also find such lists of adverse “circumstances” ( peristaseis). Suffering them demonstrates the realization of philosophical theory in life (cf. Epict. Dissertationes I 24.1). In a Christian context, in Rom 8 Paul cites example of peristaseis that cannot separate the believer from the love of Christ. In 2 Cor 6, 11, and 12, he cites peristaseis he has personally suffered, which prove that he is a true “servant of Christ.” It is possible that the numbers in 2 Cor 11 are c…

Asia Minor

(5,414 words)

Author(s): Schwemer, Daniel | Schuler, Christof | Rutgers, Leonard V. | Breytenbach, Cilliers | Ursinus, Michael | Et al.
[German Version] I. Geography – II. History – III. Society – IV. Religions – V. Literature I. Geography “Asia Minor” serves as the historical designation of the peninsula between the Mediterranean and the Black Sea; its eastern boundary is marked by the Amanus, the Anti-Taurus, and the upper reaches of the Euphrates (Turkey). To the north and south, coastal mountain ranges (t…

Sickness and Healing

(3,297 words)

Author(s): Rütten, Thomas | Neu, Rainer | Ebner, Martin | Kaiser, Jochen-Christoph | Wiesing, Urban | Et al.
[German Version] I. Medicine Sickness and healing are basic phenomena of human life and core concepts of any anthropology. Nevertheless defining them and the relationship between them still raises problems, not least because each is a collective term. There is debate within medicine over whether sickness and healing can be neutral categories, purely descriptive and empirical, with their meaning determined by the evolutionary function of the body and its organs. Other positions, mindful of historical…

Speisegebote/Speiseverbote/Speisegesetze

(3,798 words)

Author(s): Borgeaud, Philippe | Willi-Plein, Ina | Ebner, Martin | Puza, Richard | Reichman, Ronen | Et al.
[English Version] I. ReligionswissenschaftlichAnhand der Speisegebote (S.) und -verbote einer menschlichen Gemeinschaft läßt sich der Zusammenhang zw. symbolischen und rituellen Handlungen ablesen. Die Wahl der Nahrung (Vorlieben und Verbote) ist eng verbunden mit dem Gesamtbild, das eine Kultur von sich entwirft und mit dem sie anderen Kulturen gegenübertritt und das seinerseits ein spezifisches Verhältnis zur Natur und Transzendenz voraussetzt. Die S. haben somit identitätsstiftende Funktion; si…

Peristasenkatalog im Neuen Testament

(242 words)

Author(s): Ebner, Martin
[English Version] . P. werden in der ntl. Wiss. diejenigen Listen genannt, in denen Paulus seine Leiden und Entbehrungen aufzählt (Röm 8,35; 1Kor 4,11–13; 2Kor 4,8f.; 6,4–10; 11,23–29; 12,10; Phil 4,12). Die Bez. stammt aus der stoisch-kynischen (Stoa, Kyniker) Popularphilos. Auch dort finden sich Listen von widrigen »Umständen« (peristaseis). Sie zu ertragen zeigt die Umsetzung der philos. Lehre im Leben (vgl. Epict., Dissertationes I 24,1). Christl. kontextualisiert führt Paulus in Röm 8 beispie…