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, the generic and proper name of a tribal group in the northern half of the Arabian peninsula and in the adjacent deserts to the north in what are now Jordan, Syria and ʿIrāḳ. Ṣulayb seems to be a diminutive form, as often, found with a contemptuous meaning, sing. Ṣulabī, colloquially Ṣlebī. They are one of the Ḥutaym tribes, often described as pariahs, as also such gypsy groups as the Nawār. For lists of their subsections, their living areas, etc. see Musil, Arabia deserta, 231; French Government in Syria, Les tribus nomades et semi-nomades, 71; von Oppenheim, Die Beduinen , iv, 150; EI 1 art. Ṣul…

(a., also Ruwayla, conventional renderings Eng., Roala, Rwala, Ruwalla, Ruweilah; German, frequently Ruala, Rualla, Ruola, also Rawalla and Erwalla; French, Rou’ala, Roualla), an important tribe in northern Arabia. The Ruwala and other ʿAnaza [ q.v.] say that the Ruwala are from the Ḍana Muslim group of ʿAnaza. An authoritative Ruwaylī genealogist, Fraywān b. Frayḥ al-Muʾabḥil al-S̲h̲aʿlān, opposes D̲j̲ās to Bis̲h̲r; D̲j̲ās has, as descendants, Zayyid and Wahhāb; Zayyid has Rwayli (the Ruwala) and Mislim, who are the Swālma, S̲h…

(a.), a camel-herding group of northwestern Arabia. In Burckhardt’s time, the S̲h̲ararāt were known for their camel herds, which they exchanged in the Ḥawrān and at Gaza for wheat. They regarded Maʿān, D̲j̲awf and Madāʾin Ṣāliḥ as their former properties; Doughty suggested that they came from the Banī Hilāl and Peake that they came from the Kalb. Unable to protect their property, they paid protection money to the Rwala and the Banī Ṣak̲h̲r, at the same time themselves taking k̲h̲uwwa [ q.v.] from D̲j̲awf and, at an earlier date, from the Ḥuwayṭāt and the Banī ʿAṭiyya. The Rw…

(a., pl. of s̲h̲āwī ) “sheep-breeder or herder”, a term applied to groups in various parts of the Arab world. 1. The Mag̲h̲rib. Here the term, originally applied in contempt, has become the general designation of several groups, of which the most important are, in Morocco, the S̲h̲āwiya of Tāmasnā and in Algeria, the S̲h̲āwiya of the Awrās. E. Doutté ( Marrâkech , 4-5) mentions several other groups of less importance. An endeavour has also been made to connect Shoa, the name of a district in Abyssinia, with S̲h̲āwiya. Wherever it is found, the term is applied to Berbers of the Zanāt…