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[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Social Wars | Socii (Roman confederation) | Tribus | | Coloniae | Coloniae Chief town of the Aurunci (Ausones), 97 miles from Rome, on both banks, connected by a ford, of the lower Liris, which formed the border between Latium and Campania, in a broad coastal plain on the Gulf of Formiae (modern Gulf of Gaeta) to the east of where the via Appia emerges from the narrow strip of land between the Aurunci mountains and the sea. M. and its port facilities were the trading centre of the region. M. is first menti…

[German version] Station on the via Aurelia between Vada Volaterrana and Pisae on the Tyrrhenian coast of Etruria (Tab. Peut. 4,1; Geogr. Rav. 4,32; 5,2). Uggeri, Giovanni (Florence) Bibliography M. Sordi, La via Aurelia, in: Athenaeum 59, 1971, 302-312.

[German version]   Statio on the   via Aurelia between  Vada Volaterrana and  Pisae on the small river Fine which, at the time of the Roman Republic, formed the northern border of Italy (Tab. Peut. 4,1). Uggeri, Giovanni (Florence) Bibliography Nissen 1, 71.

[German version] (Ἑσπερία; Hespería). Ancient name of Italia, characterized from the Greek view as ‘land in the west’ after the geographic location of the peninsula (Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 1,35,3). Judging from the  Tabula Iliaca , it was used by Stesichorus perhaps as early as the 6th cent. BC. Since then the name H. has continually been used in poetry (cf. Hor. Carm. 3,6,8). With increasing geographical knowledge, for the same reason, H. signified Spain (Suda s.v. Ἱσπανία), which was sometimes called H. ultima by way of distinction (cf. Hor. Carm. 36,4; Serv. Aen. 1,530). Uggeri, Giovann…

[German version] Coastal lake in Etruria (Cic. Mil. 74; Prile, Plin. HN 3,51) between Vetulonia and Rusellae (the remnants of which can still be seen in the Padule di Raspollino), with a station ad lacum Aprilem of the via Aurelia (It. Ant. 229; 500; Tab. Peut. 4,3). It was fed by the Bruna, which emptied into the mare Tyrrhenum at Castiglione della Pescaia (province of Grosseto). Uggeri, Giovanni (Florence)

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Theatre Vicus of the Aequiculi ( regio IV) in the upper Himella (the modern Salto) valley, referred to in Verg. Aen. 7,744 as montosae Nersae (‘mountainous Nersae’), the modern Civitella di Nesce. For the place name, see Nursia. After 49 BC, N. probably became part of the res publica Aequiculanorum ( tribus Fabia). Inscriptions refer to a forum, theatre and a Mithraeum. Remains: aqueduct, rock tombs. Uggeri, Giovanni (Florence) …

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Tribus | Umbri, Umbria | Coloniae | Coloniae City in southern Etruria (Etruscan su θ ri) on a tuff spur (291 m high) between the Cimini and the Sabatini mountains (Str. 5,2,9), modern Sutri. The site was settled from the 10th cent. BC onwards. Conquered by Furius [I 13] Camillus in 394 BC after the fall of Veii, S. was a Latin colonia from 383 BC (Vell. 1,14,2; Liv. 27,9,7; 29,15,5; Diod. Sic. 14,117,4), later a municipium. In the 1st cent. BC colonia coniuncta Iulia Sutrina, tribus Papiria (CIL XI 3254; Plin. HN 3,51). Archaeo…

[German version] Etruscan island between Populonia and  Corsica (Capraria, Αἰγίλιον; Aigílion, Plin. HN 3,81), modern Capraia, province of Livorno. Magnificent Roman villa near Assunta, inhabited by monks in the 5th cent. (Rut. Namat. 1,439; Oros. 7,36,5; Aug. Epist. 48). Uggeri, Giovanni (Florence) Bibliography A. Riparbelli, Aegilon, 1973 BTCGI 4, 443-445.

[German version] River in  Etruria in the region of  Vetulonia (It. Ant. 500,5 f.); flows from Monte d'Alma into the Gulf of Follònica; today Fosso Alma. Uggeri, Giovanni (Florence)

[German version] [1] Barrier in a Roman circus Term for the massive elongated barrier that divided a Roman circus into two tracks running in opposite directions. A spina was usually walled and variously decorated (e.g. with statues); at its ends stood the metae (Meta [2]) that marked the turning point of the running track. Höcker, Christoph (Kissing) Bibliography J. Humphrey, Roman Circuses, 1986, Index s. v. S. [German version] [2] City at the mouth of the Spines This item can be found on the following maps: Venetic | Etrusci, Etruria | Colonization Etruscan city at the mouth of the Spines, founded in the last quarter of the 6th century BC. A sea power, S. endowed a treasury in Delphi (Dion. Hal. ant. 1,18,4; Str. 5,1,7). In 1922 the necro…

[German version] [1] Daughter of the emperor Vitellius [II 2], 1st cent. AD Daughter of the emperor Vitellius [II 2] who married her to Valerius [II 2] Asiaticus, governor of the province of Belgica in the year AD 69 (Tac. Hist. 1,59,2). After the death of her father, she was spared  by Vespasian and married to a person of high social status. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography Raepsaet-Charlier 640, no. 817. …

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[German version] [1] Celtic people in Umbria and Picenum Celtic people which migrated at the end of the 4th cent. BC from the south of Gaul into the area between the Apennine mountains and the Ionios Kolpos (Adriatic) in the region of the Rivers Sena and Tinna in Umbria and Picenum (Liv. 5,35,3). As allies of the Samnites in the third Samnite War, they were defeated by the Romans in 295 BC, and their territory was seized by Rome; they were expelled a few years later ( …

[German version] [1] Ancient city in Latium Ancient city in Latium on the north-eastern foothills of mons Albanus, perhaps today's Roccapriora. It became involved in the Roman wars with the  Aequi: conquered by Cincinnatus in 458 BC (victory at mons Algidus…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Social Wars | Socii (Roman confederation) | Theatre | Tribus | Caesar | Wine | | Coloniae | Commerce | Oracles | Pilgrimage | Regio, regiones (cf. map). City at the mouth of the Tiber, 16 miles from Rome, of the tribus Voturia ( tribus Palatina for freedmen), later regio I (Italia), connected to Rome by the via Ostiensis. According to Liv. 1,33,9, the colony was founded by Ancus …

(Τρήβουλα; Trḗboula). [German version] [1] Sabine town This item can be found on the following maps: Tribus Town of the Sabini tribe (Str. 5,3,1; Plin. HN 3,107; ILS 442: Mutuesca; Obseq. 41-43: Mutusca), c. 65 km northeast of Rome on a side street of the via Salaria , c. 1 km to the east of Monteleone Sabino (Rieti). In 290 BC, they were probably subjugated by the Romans like the other Sabini (cf. Flor. Epit. 1,10; Oros. 3,22,11); still a vicus (ILS 21a) in 149 BC. After the abolition of the prefectures it became a municipium , tribus Sergia, with octovi…

[German version] [1] Inhabitants of the pagi on the hills of the Roman Septimontium According to Varro Ling. 6,24,5-7, the inhabitants of the pagi on the hills of the Roman Septimontium, distinguished from the inhabitants of the other pagi. Uggeri, Giovanni (Florence) [German version] [2] Inhabitants of the Ligurian Maritime Alps Inhabitants of the Ligurian Maritime Alps (Liv. 28,46,11; 14; 40,41,5; Plin. HN 3,135), who often served in the Roman army (cf. Tac. Hist. 2,14). Lafond, Yves (Bochum) …

[German version] [1] Type of building Latin term for buildings, both urban and rural, used for storage, craft production, selling goods, offering drinks, meals and lodging, and also as living space. Storage economy; Workshop; Inn Schneider, Helmuth (Kassel) [German version] [2] T. Frigida Road station in Etruria on the Via Aemilia Scauri between Pisae and Luna at the crossing over the Frigidus (modern Frigido), modern San Leonardo in Frigido. Uggeri, Giovanni (Florence) Bibliography L. Banti, Luni, 1937, 71  G. De Santis Alvisi, Questioni lunensi, in: Centro Studi Lunensi. …

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