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(Ἀρίστων; Arístōn). [German version] [1] of Athens Tragedian Son of Menealaus (possibly identical with TrGF 2-4, 1977-85, 137), father of the comic poet Alexander (FdD III 2, 48 l. 3 and 15; 49), author of Satyr plays and t…

(Ἀπολλωνίδης; Apollōnídēs). [German version] [1] Greek geographer of the time of Mithridates VI Greek geographer of the time of Mithridates VI (early 1st cent. BC); author of a   periplous of Europe; the few surviving fragments cover the region of the eastern Mediterranean. Brodersen, Kai (Mannheim) Bibliography FHG 4, 309-310 H. Berger, s. v. A. 28, RE 2, 120. [German version] [2] of Nicaea Grammarian (Ἀπολλωνίδης ὁ Νικαεύς; Apollōnídēs ho Nikaeús). Greek  grammarian of the 1st cent. AD. He dedicated a commentary on the Silloi of  Timon of Phleious to the Emperor Tiberius (Di…

[German version] (Διονυσιάδης; Dionysiádēs). Son of Phylarchides, tragedian from Mallus (Suda δ 1169), according to Str. 14,6,759, from Tarsus, counted among the Pleias. Possibly identical with the poet named among the winners of the Dionysia (TrGF 110, see also DID A 3a, 67).…

[German version] (Εὐανδρίδας; Euandrídas). Tragedian, son of Hestiaeus; according to an inscription from c. 200 BC (GVI 2018), found in Miletus, he lived exactly to the age of 80 [1. 185 B]. Pressler, Frank (Heidelberg) Bibliography 1 A. Rehm, R. Harder, Did…

(Χοιρίλος; Choirílos). [German version] [1] from Samos Poet, 5th cent. BC Poet of the 5th cent. BC. Earliest known author of historically based epic poetry; died at the court of the Macedonian king Archelaus (413-399 BC) (Suda: SH 315 = PEG I, T 1). As late as 404 he is attested as participating in an agon of encomiastic poetry in honour of Lysander on Samos (Plut.: PEG I, T 3). These two dates derive from two separate and probably independent sources. The divergent chronologies in the Suda (C. as a contemporary of the epic poet Panyassis; a youth a…

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(Δημοκράτης; Dēmokrátēs). [German version] [1] Attic orator of the 4th cent. BC from Aphidna Attic orator of the 4th cent. BC from Aphidna, probably an older contemporary of Demosthenes [2] (about 338 BC he is called γέρων ( gérōn; old man), cf. Stob. Floril. 3,22,43). As the descendant of  Harmodius or  Aristogeiton, he had a claim to free provisions in the Prytaneion (Hyp. 4,3). He belonged to the Pro-Macedonian party (Hyp. 4,2). He is also mentioned in Aeschin. Leg. 2,17 and Isaeus 6,22. Weißenberger, Michael (Greifswald) Bibliography Blass, 3,2. [German version] [2] Tragedian of Sicyon. Tragedian, late 3rd cent. BC (CAT A 6,5). Perhaps identical to the poet mentioned in DID A 3b, 41 (see TrGF 68) who once won at the Lenaea ( c. 373). Pressler, Frank (Heidelberg) Bibliography TrGF 124.

(Ἐμπεδοκλῆς; Empedoklês). [German version] [1] from Agrigentum Pre-Socratic Pre-Socratic (c. 490-430 BC). His most important works: the Nature poem ‘On the origins of the world’ (so-called Περὶ φύσεως, Perì phýseōs) and the ‘Purifications’ (Καθαρμοί, Katharmoí), both in epic hexameters. The following presentation distinguishes between the two works. [1; 2] argue for unity. Bollack, Jean (Paris) [German version] …

(Ἀστυδάμας; Astydámas). [German version] [1] The Elder Tragedian Tragedian from Athens; according to Suda α 4265 son of Morsimus and grandson of Philocles; according to Diod. Sic. 14,43,5 his first production was in 398 BC. Even in antiquity he was confused with his son [2]. Pressler, Frank (Heidelberg) Bibliography TrGF 59. …

[German version] [1] Legendary king of the Arcadian Orchomenus (2nd half 7th cent. BC) Legendary king of the Arcadian Orchomenus (Apollod. FGrH 244 F 334; according to Paus. 4,17,2; 8,5,13 king of Trapezus) at the time of the Second Messenian War (2nd half of the 7th cent. BC); according to Diog. Laert. 1,94, he ruled, together with his son, over almost all of Arcadia. As leader of the Arcadians, on several occasions A. supposedly betrayed his Messenian allies under the leadership of  Aristomenes to Sparta (Paus. 4,17,2-8; 22,1-6), and he was finally stoned to death for this by his own people (Paus. 4,22,7). Callisthenes FGrH 124 F 23 took an inscription about a traitor to Messenia on the altar of Zeus Lycaeus as a reference to A. (cf. Pol. 4,33; Paus. 4,22,7). While the recent Tyrtaios find (P Oxy. 3316 = Tyrt. fr. 10a G/P) seems to confirm the -- previously …

(Δημήτριος; Dēmḗtrios). Well-known personalities: the Macedonian King D. [2] Poliorketes; the politician and writer D. [4] of Phalerum; the Jewish-Hellenistic chronographer D. [29]. I. Politically active personalities [German version] [1] Officer under Alexander the Great Officer under Alexander [4], fought at Gaugamela as commander of a troop ( …

(Ἀντιφῶν; Antiphôn). [German version] [1] Athenian (end of the 5th cent. BC) Athenian, who towards the…

[German version] (Ἀπολινάριος; Apolinários) from Laodicea; spelling: Suda and Sozomenus, otherwise Apollinarius (e.g. RE) or Apollinaris [e.g. 2]; see also  Apollinarius [3]. One of the most influential church writers of the 4th cent. According to Sozom. Hist.eccl. 5, 18 (cf. Suda α 3397) he c…

(Ἀντίοχος; Antíochos). [German version] [1] Helmsman in the fleet of  Alcibiades [3] Helmsman in the fleet of  Alcibiades [3]. His indiscipline led to the Athenian defeat at Notion in 407 BC and the subsequent removal of Alcibiades as strategos (Hell. Oxy. 8 Chambers; Xen. Hell. 1,5,11 ff.; Diod. Sic. 13,71; Plut. Alcibiades 10; 35 f.; Lysander 5).…

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(Εὐέτης; Euétēs). [German version] [1] Tragedian Tragedian, whose plays were performed in Athens at the time of  Epicharmus (486/5 or 485/4 BC; cf. Suda ε 2766; see also [1.34]). A vic…

(Διονύσιος; Dionýsios). Famous personalities: D. [1], the tyrant of Syracuse; the historian D. [18] of Halicarnassus. Dionysios (month),  Months, names of the. The chronicle of Ps.-D. by Tell Maḥre see D. [23]. I. Politically active personalities [German version] [1] D. I. Notorious tyrant in Syracuse c. 400 BC of Syracuse, son of Hermocritus, born in c. 430 BC, died in 367 BC. Founder of the ‘greatest and longest tyrannical rule in history’ (Diod. Sic. 13,96,4; appearance: Timaeus FGrH 566 F 29). Possessing a sophist education (Cic. Tusc. 5,63), D. had enormous ambitions a…

[German version] [1] The poet Homer Homer (Ὅμηρος/ Hómēros, Lat. Homērus, French Homère, German Homer). Latacz, Joachim (Basle) [German version] I. Short definition Homer is the first poet of the European cultural area of whom works of a major scope are completely extant (around 28,000 hexametric lines in the Greek language), which have been received continuously in all parts of the world influenced by European culture since they were composed c. 2,700 years ago and which have exerted evident as well as covert influence on cultural development until the present time [11; 39; 17. 274]. La…

(Ἀκέστωρ; Akéstōr), ‘Healer’, literary epithet of Apollo (Eur. Androm. 900), but also anthronym (unknown Athenian: Aristoph. vesp. 1221). [German version] [1] Figure from Greek myth; Son of Ephippos of Tanagra Son of Ephippos of Tanagra, killed by Achilles (Plut. qu. Gr. 37, 299c, following a local epic). Graf, Fritz (Columbus, OH) [German version] [2] Hero in the genealogy of the Philaedians Hero in the genealogy of the Philaedians, namely great-grandson of  Philaeus (Pherec. FGrH 3 F 2; Markell. v. Thuc. 3). Graf, Fritz (Columbus, OH) [German version] [3] Athenian Athenian, alleg…

(Ἀφαρεύς; Aphareús). [German version] [1] Son of Perieres and Gorgophone Son of  Perieres and Gorgophone, daughter of Perseus. As king of the Messenians he founded Arene at Pylos, which he named after his wife, the daughter of Oebalus and his half-sister. He took in Neleus and gave him Pylos, and was initiated into the cult of the ‘Great Gods’ of Andania by Lycus, son of Pandium (Paus. 4,2,4-6); Athenian propaganda is reflected here. He also took in Tyndareos (Paus. 3,1,4). His sons Idas and Lynceus (Paus…