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Ancient European

(372 words)

Author(s): Steinbauer, Dieter (Regensburg)
[German version] A. Definition Technical term established by the Indo-Germanist H. Krahe (1898-1965), with which he postulates a language that follows from proto-Indo-Germanic, a relatively unified stage that is a preliminary stage of the languages documented in historical times in the European region. These include Celtic, Germanic, Baltic, Latino-Faliscan, Osco-Umbrian, Venetian and Illyrian. He postulates this stage of language and its original area of dispersion based on water names (‘ancient Eu…

Volero

(46 words)

Author(s): Steinbauer, Dieter (Regensburg)
[German version] A 'lost' Roman praenomen without siglum, in Degrassi, FCap., recorded in 37 for the consular tribune of 399 BC, Volero Publilius [I 2] P.f. Voler. n. Philo. Etymologically it is an n-stem extension of Volusus / Volesus. Steinbauer, Dieter (Regensburg) Bibliography Salomies, 59; 169 f.; 190.

Satem languages

(242 words)

Author(s): Steinbauer, Dieter (Regensburg)
[German version] In phonetics and phonology, the term satem (Avest. satəm, ‘hundred’) is employed to characterize those Indo-European languages which - unlike centum languages - preserve the Proto-Indo-European (PIE) series of palatal stops , , g̑h as independent phonemes. The change of palatal tectals (Gutturals) into affricates (such as č, ć) or fricatives is a common phenomenon in the history of languages. Not all languages did necessarily take the same path in the development from PIE * k̑ṃtó- to Avestan satəm, Sanskrit śatám, Lithuanian šim̃tas or Old Church Slavonic sto. …
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