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[German version] (Ὑμηττός; Hymēttós, name pre-Greek [17]). Mountain in Attica, modern Imittos, earlier Trelovuni, Turkish Deli Dağ (height 1027 m). H., which is mostly deforested today, consists of Triassic limestone, micaceous slate, marble and other metamorphites [19]. It isolates the pedíon of Athens in the south-east from the Attic mesógaia. From the defile between Pentelicon and H. near Stavro in the north it stretches over 22 km to the Saronic Gulf by Cape Zoster in the south [14]. The gorge of Pirnari separates the northern ‘great H.’ (μέγας Ὑ./ mégas H.) from the southern ‘…

[German version] (μεσόγεια, mesógeia), the inland area of Attica. Since Cleisthenes' reform of the tribes [4. 157ff.], each of the ten Attic phýlai consisted of one trittýs (‘third’) each of dḗmoi from a sty, m esógeia and p aralia (Aristot. Ath. Pol. 21,4) [1; 2. 251ff.; 4. 159]. In classical times the 10 mesógeia trittýes included approximately 47 dḗmoi [3. 125ff.]. Attica (with map); Demos [2] Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 M. H. Hansen, Asty, M. and Paralia, in: CeM 41, 1990, 51-54 2 P. J. Rhodes, A Commentary on the Aristotelian Athenaion Politeia, 1981 3 J. S. Traill, Demos and …

[German version] (Ὄα/ Óa, Ὀά/ Oá; demotikon Ὀα(ι)εύς/ Oa(i)eús, Ὄαθεν/Ó athen or Οἴαθεν/ Oíathen [1]). Attic mesogeia deme of the phyle of Pandionis, and from 1AD 27/8 of the Hadrianis, with four bouleutaí. Finds of funerary inscriptions point to the neighbourhood of Spata: IG II2 7820 (FO Papangelaki), IG II2 7816, 7817, 7825 (FO Velanideza). For métoikoi in O. cf. [2. 84]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 S. Dow, The Attic Demes Oa and Oe, in: AJPh 84, 1963, 166-181 2 Whitehead, Index s.v. O. Traill, Attica, 8, 17f., 42 with notes 14, 43, 62, 68, 111 no. 91 pl. 3, 15  J.S. Traill, Demos…

[German version] (Λειψύδριον; Leipsýdrion). Town on the Parnes in the Attic deme of Paeonidae [2], fortified by the Alcmaeonidae shortly before [3] or after the murder of Hipparchus in 514 BC in the battles with the Peisistratidae. Identification uncertain. The fortress near modern Karagufolesa supposed to be L. dates to the 4th/3rd cents. BC [1]. Sources: Hdt. 5,62,2; Aristoph. Lys. 665 with schol.; Aristot. Ath. Pol. 19,3. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 J. R. McCredie, Fortified Military Camps in Attica (Hesperia Suppl. 11), 1966, 58ff. fig. 11 pl. 12d 2 P. J. Rhodes, A Commen…

[German version] (Ἐπιεικίδαι; Epieikídai). Attic asty or mesogeia deme of the phyle Cecropis. One  bouleutes. In the years 303/2 and 281/0 BC, E. was without council representative. The location is unknown. Trittys-affiliation uncertain [1. 135, 13533]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986. Traill, Attica 11, 20, 51, 62, 70, 110 no. 39, table 7 Whitehead, 266, 372, 379, 428.

[German version] (Ἀμφιτροπή; Amphitropḗ). Attic   paralia deme of the phyle  Antiochis (IG II2 1750). Two bouleutai. From [3] onwards localized near Metropisi, nowadays in the Legrena valley with the deme's centre at Sinterina-Pussipelia [1. 88 ff.]. Its borders with  Atene in the west on Mount Megalo Baphi, and with  Sounion in the east on Mount Spitharopussi are marked by rock-hewn   horos inscriptions [1. 54; 2 (new find in 1994)]. A. with its evidence of eight to nine mines was one of the smaller exploitation areas ( Mining) of  Laurion. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 H. Lo…

[German version] (Ἀχερδοῦς; Acherdoús, from ἄχερδος; ácherdos, thorn bush,  Achradus). Attic   paralia(?)-deme of the phyle  Hippothontis, 1 bouleutes. Localization uncertain [1. 23 (near Goritsa); 2. 217 (near Eleusis or Decelea); 3. 137], obviously within the region of Thriasia. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 A. Milchhoefer, Erläuternder Text, in: E. Curtius, J. A. Kaupert (ed.), Karten von Attika 7-8, 1895, 23 2 Id., s. v. A., RE 1 3 J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986. Traill, Attica, 52, 109 no. 2, table 8 Whitehead, 23, 336, 372.

[German version] (Αὐρίδαι; Aurídai). Attican paralia(?)-deme belonging to the phyle of Hippothontis, and later possibly that of Antigonis; one bouleutes [1. 106]. The location is unknown, but was probably in Thriasion Pedion. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 J. S. Traill, Diakris, the inland trittys of Leontis, in: Hesperia 47, 1978, 89-109 2 Id., Attica, 12, 27, 52, 70, 109 (no. 22), table 8, 11.

[German version] (Δεκέλεια; Dekéleia). Attic Mesogeia deme of the Hippothonti phyles; four  bouleutai. Part of the Attic Dodecapolis (Str. 9,1,20). In the former royal palace gardens of Tatoï (Thuc. 7,19,2) 120 stadiums north of Athens and south of the pass which, to the south-east of the Katsimidi, leads to Oropus and Tanagra (Thuc. 7,28,1; Hdt. 9,15). In 413 BC, the Spartans fortified D. (Thuc. 7,19,2; [1. 15 fig. 7; 3. 56f.; 4. 141f.]; hence the name of the ‘Decelean War’); they occupied D. until …

[German version] (Τετράπολις/ Tetrápolis, 'four-city'). Cult association of the Attic dêmoi of Marathon (capital), Oenoe[5], Probalinthus and Tricory(n)thus (Str. 8,7,1) on the eastern coast of Attica, founded by Xuthus (Str. 8,7,1); surviving prehistoric settlements at modern Nea Makri (Probalinthus), Plasi (cf. Marathon) and Kato Souli (cf. Tricorynthus), middle Helladic and early Mycenaean necropolis of a local dynasty in Vrana [1]. As (pre-Greek) Hyttenia T. was part of the Attic Dōdekápolis ('twelve-city', Str. 9,1,20) and sent festal legations from the Deli…

[German version] (Σαλαμίνιοι; Salamínioi). Athenian génos from Salamis [5], which was divided into the 'S. of Seven Phyles' and the 'S. in Sunium'. In the 4th cent. BC, it primarily acted as a cult alliance in charge of some of the oldest cults in the polis (Athena Skiras, Aglaurus, Pandrosus, Ge Kourotrophos among others). Both branches had sanctuaries of Heracles, one in Sunium, the other 'on the Porthmus', that is, the strait of Salamis ([4]; pace [1; 2; 3]) where, along with Phalerum and Athens, the cultic activities of the S. were concentrated. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 W. …

[German version] (Βῆσ(σ)α; Bês(s)a). Attic   paralia-deme of the phyle Antiochis, later Hadrianis. Two bouleutai. Significant mining district in  Laurion, for which 24 mining leases are attested. Probably located near today's Hagios Konstantinos (formerly Kamareza), as Xen. Vect. 4,43 recommends the construction of a fortification on the highest point of B. (= Vigla Rimbari?) halfway between Anaphlystus and Thoricus. In the south, therefore, B. adjoined Amphitrope; in the north, Thoricus; in the east and south-east, Sunium, to which it was linked by the astikè hodós. Road conne…

[German version] (Κόπρος; Kópros). Attic paralia-deme of the phyle Hippothontis, with two bouleutaí. Probably identical with the synonymous (river?) island (νῆσος τῆς Ἀττικῆς, Schol. Aristoph. Equ. 899; Hsch. s.v. Κ.), but not identical with Gaiduronisi (Patroklu Charax) [1]. [2. 52; 3. 178; 4] assume that C. was located east of Eleusis. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 E. Honigmann, s.v. Kopros, RE XI 2, 1365f. 2 Traill, Attica 21 with n. 26bis, 52, 69, 111 no. 74, table 8 3 Travlos, Attika 4 E. Vanderpool, New Evidence for the Location of the Attic Deme Kopros, …

[German version] (Βουτάδαι; Boutádai). Attic   asty deme of the phyle Oenieis, later of the Ptolemais; one bouleutes; of uncertain location, but the connection of the  Eteoboutadai with the Scirophoria and the town quarter of Sciron suggests a position of B. at the Holy Way near Laciadae and the Cephisus. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica 9,48,62,69,109 (no. 27), table 6,13.

[German version] (Παιανία/ Paianía). Great Attic mesogeia deme of the phyle Pandionis in Liopesi (today again P.), divided into Upper P. (Π. καθύπερθεν/ P. kathýperthen) with one bouleutḗs and Lower P. (Π. ὑπένερθεν/ P. Hypénerthen) with eleven bouleutaí (Harpocr. s.v. Παιανιεῖς). In 307/6 BC, Upper P. changed over to Antigonis. The deme decree IG I3 250 (450/430 BC; FO: Liopesi) [2. 385 No. 83] of Lower P., which mentions a quorum of 100 dēmótai [2. 95], attests to the harvest festival of Pr(o)ērosía [2. 196f.] and hieropoioí ('cult officials') [2. 142, 183]. For the cult of …

[German version] (Ἀχραδοῦς; Achradoús). According to Steph. Byz. s. v. A., Attic deme. Ἀχραδούσιος/ Achradoúsios (Aristoph. Eccl. 362) is explained as a travesty of  Acherdus [1. 336], but A. is also verified in IG II2 2776 Z. 195, possibly as a dependent   kome of  Ionidae [2. 53]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Whitehead 2 H. Lohmann, Atene, 1993.

[German version] (Ἁγνοῦς; Hagnoûs, originally Ἀγνοῦς; Agnoûs). Attic mesogeia deme of the Acamantis phyle, from 307/6 BC of Demetrias, from 200/199 BC of Attalis; it provided five   bouleutaí . Formerly located near Dankla east of Markopoulo [1. 48], now to the southwest near Dardiste [2. 132], on the basis of the finding-place of the deme decree IG II2 1083 attributed erroneously in this collection to Myrrhinus. Leon, who had betrayed to Theseus the ambush of the Pallantids at Gargettus, was accorded a cult in H. (Steph. Byz. s.v. Ἁ.) [3. 12]. The o…

[German version] (Σφηττός; Sphēttós). Attic mesogeia deme of the Acamantis phyle, with five (seven) bouleutaí, counted part of the Attic Dodekapolis (Str. 9,1,20), and located, on the basis of honorary inscriptions by the  Sphettii for Demetrius [4] (SEG 25, 206), in the northwest of Coropi; the Bronze Age fortress Kastro tou Christou is situated here [1]. The Sphēttía Hodós ('S. Road' ) connected S. with Athens [2]. The Sphettii were considered witty (Aristoph. Plut. 720). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 R. Hope Simpson, Mycenaean Greece, 1981, 50 B 33 2 Ch. Korres, Σφηττία…

[German version] (Παιονίδαι/ Paionídai). Attic mesogeia deme of the Leontis phyle on the Parnes, with three bouleutaí. According to Hdt. 5,62, the fortress of Leipsydrium (which has not yet been located), was above P. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica, 47, 62, 68, table 4  J.S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 55, 63, 130  Whitehead, Index s.v. P.

[German version] (Κεκροπίς; Kekropís). After the phyle reforms of  Cleisthenes [2] the seventh of the 10 phyles of Attica ( Attica with map); its eponymous hero:  Cecrops. At the time of the 10 phyles, C. comprised 11 (four asty, five mesogeia, and two paralia) demes. From 307/6 to 201/0 BC, Daedalidae, Melite and Xypete changed over to Demetrias. In line with the other Cleisthenian phyles, C. transferred one deme each to the phyles of Ptolemaïs (224/3 BC), Attalis (200 BC), and Hadrianis (AD 127/8). Instead of eight, only six demes appear in the list of prytanes IG II2 1782 of AD 177/8. …

[German version] (Ῥαμνοῦς; Rhamnoûs). Large Attic Paralia-Demos, phyle Aiantis, with eight (twelve) bouleutaí, in the northern section of the east coast of Attica (formerly Ovriokastro). The urban centre of Ῥαμνουσία/ Rhamnousía, strongly fortified during the 4th cent. BC and including a citadel from 413/2 BC [3. 77 f., 80 f.] for the garrison, first documented for 342/1 BC (SEG 43,71), lies on an isolated rocky plateau. Conquered in 295 BC by Demetrius [I 2] Poliorketes, R. soon fell to Athens again and was a base for the a…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Sparta | Achaeans, Achaea (Σελ(λ)ασία/ Sel(l)asía). Polis (Diod. 15,64,1) of Spartan períoikoi in the Oenus [1] valley about 10 km to the north of Sparta and 5 km to the east of the modern town of S., governing northern access into Laconica. There is evidence of a fortified settlement on the hill of Palaiogoulas with finds from the 5th-2nd cent. BC, and a phroúrion ('fortress') on Mt. Hagios Konstantinos at an elevation of 831 m [1; 3]. S. was destroyed in 389/8 BC by Chabrias, after the battle of Leuctr…

[German version] (Ἑστιαία; Hestiaía). Attic asty deme of the Aegis phyle, with one bouleutḗs, given the road connexion with Ancyle (Harpocr. s.v. τρικέφαλον) presumably northeast of Athens at Cholargus. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica, 39, 70, 110 no. 55, table 2 Id., Demos and Trittys, 1986, 127.

[German version] (Κηδοί; Kēdoí). Attic deme of the phyle Erechtheis, two   bouleutaí . Its location is uncertain, hardly near Kara (as in [3]), the finding place of the deme decree IG II2 1212, which apparently was released neither by C. nor by Themacus [4. 392]. Epitaphs point to a possible location east of the  Hymettus range, possibly near Koropi: [1. 100 no. 118, 103 no. 137; 2]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 A. Milchhoefer, Antikenbericht aus Attika, in: MDAI(A) 12, 1887, 81-104 2 Traill, Attica, 7; 38; 69; 110 no. 61, table 1 3 J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 125 4 Whi…

[German version] (Τιτακίδαι; Titakídai). Kṓmē in the area of the 'constitutional' Attic deme of Aphidna, which moved with the latter from the phyle of Aeantis [1] (Harpocr. s. v. Τ.; EM s. v. Τ.; Steph. Byz. s. v. Τ.: Antiochis) to Ptolemaïs [10] (IG II2 2050 Z. 74; 2067 Z. 63; [1. 50 no. 18]) in 224/3 BC. T. was not an independent deme until the Roman period. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 J. H. Oliver, Greek Inscriptions, in: Hesperia 11, 1942, 29-103. Traill, Attica, 30, 88, 122 No. 42  Whitehead, 24 n. 83; 329.

[German version] (Ἰουστινιανόπολις; Ioustinianópolis). Place on the peninsula of Miletus ( Milesia), first mentioned in an inscription of the time of Justinian from the Sacred Way in  Didyma (unpublished). Possibly identical with Didyma, which, however, in Byzantine sources always appears as Tò Hierón (Τὸ Ἱερόν, from this Turkish Jeronda), or with a deserted city discovered in 1995 on the Gulf of Akbük [1. 304f.]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 H. Lohmann, Survey in der Chora von Milet, in: AA 1997, 285-311.

[German version] (Πήληκες; Pḗlēkes). Attic deme in the mesogaia of the phyle Leontis, with two bouleutaí. Along with Cropidae and Eupyridae P. constituted a cultural trikōmía ("three village union"; Steph. Byz. s.v. Εὐπυρίδαι/ Eurypídai; [2. 185 with n. 46]) and was thus probably situated north of the Aegaleos (near modern Chassia? [1. 47]). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Traill, Attica, 47, 62, 69, 111 no. 104, Tab. 4 2 Whitehead, Index s.v. P.

[German version] (Φλύα; Phlýa). Large Attic Mesogeia deme belonging to the Cecropis phyle and from 224/3 BC on to the Ptolemaïs phyle, with five? (six?) bouleutaí; located at modern Chalandri northeast of Athens, bordering Athmonon (IG II2 2776,49). In addition to numerous cults (Apollo, Artemis, Athena, Zeus, Nymphs: Paus. 1,34,4; [1]), rural Dionysia are attested for P. (Isaius 8,15f.). After its destruction by the Persians Themistocles renewed the age-old sanctuary to the 'Great Goddess' attended by the Lycomidae (Plut. Themist…

[German version] (Ἰφιστιάδαι; Iphistiádai). Attic asty deme of the phyle Acamantis, providing one bouleutes. A plot of land owned by Plato was immediately adjacent in the south to the Herakleion of I. (Diog. Laert. 3,41), which according to a horos-inscription (IG II2 2611) is to be located 4 km southwest of Cephisia on the southwestern edge of the modern Iraklion (formerly Arakli) and which has retained its ancient name [1; 2; 3. 47]. An eponymous hero Iphistius is confirmed in Hesychius s.v. Ἰ. [4. 210]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 G. Klaffenbach, Zwei neue Horosstein…

[German version] (Ὑβάνδα; Hybánda). Former island in the  Icarian Sea (Plin. HN 2,91), modern Özbaşı 13.5 km south of Söke, which rises about 70 m above the  Maiandrou pedion. The Maeander [2], 1 km southeast of Özbaşı, today follows the ancient coast line. The extent of Hybandis, the chṓra of H., is uncertain. In the east it extended to the river Hybandus (modern Kargın Çayı), which a peace agreement fixed in 185/80 BC as the boundary between Miletus [2] and Magnesia [2] [1; 2]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 P. Herrmann, Neue Urkunden zur Geschichte von Milet im 2. Jh. …

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Lycii, Lycia (Λύδαι; Lýdai). Place in Lycia (see map) on the south-west coast of Asia Minor on the Gulf of Telmessus, 2,4 km west of Fethiye (Ptol. 5,3,2; GGM 1, 494f. no. 259f., Κλύδαι; Klýdai). The identification has been secured by inscriptions (TAM 2,1 no. 41, 49). Extended Imperial and early Byzantine ruins on the cape Kapı Dağ (possibly the ancient Cape Artemisium: Str. 14,2,2) as well as the nearby Tersane Adası. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography G. E. Bean, s.v. L., PE, 536 Id., Kleinasien 4, 1980, 43-45 P. Roos, Topograp…

[German version] (Φηγοῦς; Phēgoûs). Attic mesogeia (?) deme of the Erechtheis phyle, with one bouleutḗs. Demotikon Φηγούσιος/ Phēgoúsios (Steph. Byz. s.v. Φ.). Location unknown. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica, 38, 62, 70, 112 Nr. 110, Tab. 1  J.S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 126.

[German version] (Πίθος). Attic Mesogeia deme of the Cecropis phyle with three (four or five) bouleutaí, probably in the northeast of Chalandri. There is evidence of Thesmophória in P. (Isaeus 8,19f.). P formed an association with the neighbouring demes of Gargettus and Pallene [3] for the cult of Athena Pallenis. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica, 51, 59, 62, 68, 112 Nr. 115, Tab. 7  J.S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 4, 11, 13f., 21f., 24f., 13534  Whitehead, Index s.v. P.

[German version] (Λουσία; Lousía). Attic deme of the asty trittys of the phyle Oineis and its eponymous heroine (Steph. Byz. s.v. Λ.) [1], one bouleutḗs. Presumably located in the Kephissos valley west of Athens. Funerary inscriptions of a ‘ Lousieus’ in Hag. Theodoroi in Nea Liossia (IG II2 6756); earth for the building of the Eleusinion of Athens came from L. (IG II2 1672 l. 195). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 Whitehead, 210. Traill, Attica, 49, 69, 111 no. 86 table 6 J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 133 P. Siewert, Die Trittyen Attikas und die Heeresreform des Kleisth…

[German version] (Πρόσπαλτα/ Próspalta). Attic mesogeia deme, phyle Akamantis, from 224/3 BC Ptolemaïs, with five bouleutaí, located at Enneapyrgi northwest of Kalivia Kuvaras, the site where several funerary inscriptions of Prospáltioi were found (IG II2 7306; 7311; [2. 129, 1292]). Pausanias mentions a sanctuary of Demeter and Kore at P. (Paus. 1,31,1). IG II2 4817 (site: Hagios Petros) was probably transported here from Myrrhinus, where the cult of Artemis Kolainis is attested [1. 9 ff.]. Eupolis criticizes Pericles' war policy in the comedy Prospáltioi (the inhabitants o…

[German version] Terracing is used worldwide in settlement areas with considerably variable surface relief to extend the usable agricultural area and increase yields, and to this day it characterizes the appearance of many Greek landscapes. By reshaping steep slopes into a number of gently sloping or horizontal steps, water retention is improved, root formation is promoted, soil erosion is retarded and working the land is made easier. Most terraces in the Mediterranean may have their origin in the…

[German version] (Ἐρχία; Erchía). Attic mesogeia deme of the Aegeis phyle; the modern Spata. Seven (six)  bouleutai, eleven after 307/6 BC. Xenophon (Diog. Laert. 2,48) and Isocrates (Steph. Byz. s.v. E.) were demótai of E.; Alcibiades possessed 300 plethra ( c. 26.5 ha.) of land in E. The lex sacra of E. from Pussiri south of Spata (SEG 21, 541; [1-7]) lists 59 annual sacrifices at a total cost of 547 drachmas. 21 of the 46 cults are generally situated in the territory of E. (Ἐρχι, Ἐρχιᾶ, Ἐρχιᾶσιν): one on the agora of E.; nine of them ἐμ Πάγῳ, i.e. on a hill at E., which Vanderpool…

[German version] (Ἁλιμοῦς; Halimoûs). Attic asty-deme of the phyle Leontis, with three   bouleutaí (for population size [4. 286]), according to Str. 9,1,21 located on the west coast of Attica between Phalerum and Aexone 35 stadia (= 6.2 km) from the city (Dem. Or. 57,10). H., which bordered Euonymon in the east, lay near the modern Halimos and Hagios Kosmas, the ancient cape  Colias with the sanctuary of Demeter Thesmophoros and Kore (Paus. 1,31,1; Hsch. s.v. Κωλιάς; [1-3]; prehistorical s…

(Εἰτέα; Eitéa). [German version] [1] Attic asty (?) deme of the phyle Acamantis Attic asty(?) deme of the phyle Acamantis, from 307/6 to 201/0 BC of Antigonis, from AD 126/7 that of Hadrianis. Two bouleutai. The location is unknown (north-east Attica? [3. 140-142]). The fact that it belonged to the city trittys of Acamantis is deduced from the inscriptions [1] and IG II2 2363 ([2. 101]). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 B. D. Meritt, J. S. Traill, in: Agora 15, 50ff. no. 42 2 J. S. Traill, Diakris, the Inland Trittys of Leontis, in: Hesperia 47, 1978, 89-109 3 Id., Demos and Trit…

[German version] (Πλώθεια/ Plṓtheia; demoticon Πλωθεεύς/ Plōtheeús, Πλωθειεύς/ Plōtheieús, from the 4th century BC Πλωθεύς/ Plōtheús). A small Attic asty-deme, phyle of Aigeis, one bouleutḗs (later two). Its site to the southwest of modern Stamata on the northeastern slopes of Mount  Pentelicon is certain from votive inscriptions (IG II2 4607, 4885, 4916). The deme decree IG I3 258 (425/413 BC, ex IG II2 1172) governs finances, and attests to a dḗmarchos [3], tamíai ( tamías ) and cults of Apollo, Aphrodite and the Dioscuri (Anaces). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attic…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Attica (Θυμαιτάδαι; Thymaitádai). Attic asty deme of the Hippothontis phyle, two bouleutaí, probably to the northwest of Piraeus on the Bay of Keratsini, modern Ormos Erakleus. With Piraeus, Phaleron and Xypete, T. formed the tetrákōmoi cult federation (Poll. 4,105; IG II2 3102 f.) with a central sanctuary to Heracles (Steph. Byz. s. v. Ἐχελίδαι). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography Traill, Attica 21, 52, 69, 112 No. 138, Tab. 8.

[German version] (Φηγαία/ Phēgaía, Φηγαιά/ Phēgaiá; demotikon Φηγαιεύς/ Phēgaieús). Attic p aralia deme of the phyle of Aigeis, from AD 127/8 of Hadrianis, with three (four) bouleutaí on the east coast of Attica (near what is today Draphi [3. 335] or Ierotsakuli? [1. 82 with note 12]). It was not an independent dêmos, but a kṓmē ('village community'; of Stiria?) that was established by the people of Phegaea, as included in the list of demes IG II2 2362 as one of the demes of Pandionis (cf. Steph. Byz. s.v. Φ.) [2. 55, 57ff.]. IG II2 1932,14f. shows evidence of cults of Hercules and th…

[German version] (Κεραμεῖς; Kerameîs). Attic asty deme of the phyle Acamantis, six   bouleutaí . Provenance from this deme is expressed by ἐκ Κεραμέων ( ek Keraméōn). Sources [1. LXXf.] consistently refer to the place as  Kerameikos. This was called the most beautiful of Athenian suburbs (Thuc. 2,34,5;  Athens, map), and was located inside -- and to the northwest outside -- the Dipylon Gate between Sacred Way to Eleusis and the road to the Academy. The hóroi Kerameíkou alongside the latter (IG II2 2617-2619) probably marked the deme border, contrary to [2. 167; 5. 300; 6. 29109; 7] (for…

[German version] (Ἀτήνη; Atḗnē). Attic paralia deme of average size (three   bouleutai ) of the phyle Antiochis on the south-west tip of Attica; name pre-Greek. Thus far the only deme which has been examined completely within its ancient borders. A. borders Anaphlystus in the north,  Amphitrope in the east (border inscription on the Megalo Baphi). The area of the deme covers, with the valleys of Charaka, Hagia Photini and Thimari, as well as the island Gaidouronisi, around 20 km2, of which only 22% (= 440 ha.) is agriculturally useful. In prehistoric times still not settl…

[German version] (Ἐπικηφισία; Epikēphisía). Attic asty deme of the phyle Oeneis. One (or two) bouleut(ai). The approximate location of E. in the Cephissus valley at  Laciadae is evident from the name and the site where the decree on deme was found IG II2 1205 at Dipylon, see [1. 40]. Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 P. Siewert, Die Trittyen Attikas und die Heeresreform des Kleisthenes, 1982. Traill, Attica 19, 49, 69, 110 no. 40, table 6 J. S. Traill, Demos and Trittys, 1986, 133 Whitehead, Index s.v. E.

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Mycenaean culture and archaeology | Attica (Βραυρών; Braurṓn), now Vraona. Prehistoric settlement and sanctuary of Artemis on the east coast of Attica at the mouth of the Erasinus that became marshy owing to land subsidence. According to Philochorus in Str. 9,1,22 (FGrH 328 F 94), one of the 12 poleis of the Attic Dodecapolis. Home of Peisistratus, probably therefore it did not become an independent demos in the Cleisthenian reforms but part of Philai…

[German version] (Κοίλη, also Κοιλή; Koílē, Koilḗ). Attic asty Deme of the phyle Hippothontis, from 307/6 to 201/0 BC of the Demetrias, with three bouleutaí, in the originally densely populated ‘rocky Athens’, which was, however, abandoned already in the 4th cent. BC [5], south-west of the Pnyx between the hill of nymphs and the Mouseion, near the Melitian gate [2. 168f.] at the koilḕ hodós [2. 180], where the tombs of  Cimon [1] (Hdt. 6,103) and the historian Thucydides (Marcellinus, Vita Thucydidis 17,55; Paus. 1,23,9) lay. C. offers one of the best pres…

(ἡ Μιλησίη/ hē Milēsíē, Str. 14,1,8; ἡ Μιλησίη χώρα/ hē Milēsíē chōra, Hdt. 5,29). [German version] A. Geography Peninsula of Miletus [2] between the Latmian Gulf in the north and the Gulf of Akbük ( basilicus sinus, Mela 1,16-17; Plin. HN 5,112) in the south, not identical with the entire polis territory of Miletus, which changed repeatedly [2. 13ff.]. After its exploration had been initiated by Th. Wiegand [13; 14], M. and the development of its landscape have been systematically investigated since 1992 [1; 4; 5; 6]. Sections of the eastern upland settled by Cares (Carians), Milesia Hyper…

[German version] (Ἀναγυροῦς; Anagyroûs). Attic   paralia deme of the phyle  Erechtheis. Six (eight) bouleutai. Etymologically, A. is derived from the stinking bean-trefoil (Anagyris foetida L.) which favours sand and deserted plains. Localized by Str. 9,1,21 between Halae Aixonides and Thorae on the south-western coast of Attica. Fish from A. are mentioned in Ath. 7,329c; 8,344e. The votive inscription of Archeneus (IG II2 2825) of A. (IG II2 4906), apart from a Pan grotto in  Hymettus (= nymph grotto of Vari? [7. 447]) mentioned by Synes. Epist. 136 (to this […

[German version] (Διόμεια; Diómeia). Attic paralia(?) deme of the Aegeis phyle, from 307/6 until 201/0 BC of the Demetrias phyle. One  bouleutes. D. was located outside the walls of Athens and south of the Ilissus between Alopece to the South and Ancyle to the East [1], where, not far from the Diomeic Gate (Alci. 3,51,4; Hsch. s.v. Δημίαισι πύλαις; [2. 83, 112, 160 fig. 219 ‘X’), the Hercules sanctuary and gymnasium were situated in  Cynosarges (Diog. Laert. 6,13; [2. 340f.]). Lohmann, Hans (Bochum) Bibliography 1 W. Judeich, Top. von Athen, 21932, 169f. fig. 14 2 Travlos, Athen. Trail…