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Your search for 'dc_creator:( "Seidlmayer, Stephan Johannes (Berlin)" ) OR dc_contributor:( "Seidlmayer, Stephan Johannes (Berlin)" )' returned 32 results. Modify search
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Ushebti
(187 words)
[German version] (Egyptian
wšb.ty, 'answerer', secondarily from
šb.ty, of uncertain meaning). Term for a small magical figure in the Egyptian cult of the dead (Dead, cult of the).
Ushebtis are made of wood, stone or faience, usually representing the dead person in the form of a mummy, sometimes laid out in a coffin. Based on the associated magic spell, which was often written on the figure (spell 472 of the Coffin Texts, spell 6 of the Book of the Dead, cf. [2]), they were supposed to answer on behalf of the dead person if he was called to do work in the Afterlife, and do it in his place. The earliest
u…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Gizeh
(192 words)
[German version] Egyptian necropolis for the residence of the Old Kingdom (2700-2190 BC) on a plateau in the Libyan desert west of Cairo that juts out prominently. The pyramid complexes of the Kings Cheops, Chefren and Mycerinus from the 4th dynasty (
c. 2600-2400 BC) characterize the place; they are surrounded by the mastabas and cliff tombs of the members of the royal family and high officials. After the 4th dynasty the cemetery was, by the end of the Old Kingdom, intensively occupied further by private tombs, particularly by the …
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Sphinx
(1,195 words)
(Σφίγξ/
Sphínx, also ἀνδροσφίγξ/
androsphínx: Hdt. 2,175; Boeotian: φίξ/
phíx; pl. Σφίγγες/
Sphínges). [German version] I. Egypt Depiction of the Egyptian king with the body of a lion and a human head Greek designation for the depictions which were originally only of the Egyptian king with the body of a lion and a human head; there is no known Egyptian designation for this type of image. Three-dimensional sculptural representations of recumbent sphinxes have been documented since the 4th Dynasty. (Djedefre, 2570-2450 BC). The great sphinx of Gizeh, worshipped…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Senis
(142 words)
[German version] (Σῆνις;
Sênis; Demotic
Snj). Greek form of the Egyptian toponym
Snm.t, which is documented under various names, particularly Τμουσάνις/
Tmousánis ('the island of
Snj').
Snm.t denoted the island of Bīǧa (possibly also an originally larger group of islands) in the First Cataract of the Nile on the border between Egypt and Nubia to the west of Philae. Bīǧa is primarily known through rock inscriptions from the Middle Kingdom; there is also written evidence of a border fortification. Remains of a temple date …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Apotropaic texts
(342 words)
[German version] In Egyptian magic for warding off enemies, a figure made of clay, wax, wood or stone that resembled the fettered enemy was inscribed with the name of the person against whom the spell was meant to work. Spell 37 from the coffin texts describes this process and instructs the person casting the spell to bury the figure in a graveyard after reciting a magic spell. These so-called apotropaic figures, whose inscriptions were aimed against individual persons (sometimes grouped with fam…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Saqqara
(325 words)
[German version] Necropolis area with a length of
c. 7.5 km at the edge of the Libyan desert south of Cairo. The heartland (S. north) was laid out in the 1st Dynasty (around 3000 BC) as a necropolis of Memphis on a hill above the newly founded city with a cemetery for the highest officials and members of the royal house. From the 2nd Dynasty (and right through to the 1st Intermediate Period), royal tomb complexes were repeatedly built in S., for example the pyramid complex of Djoser whose proximity was …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Pyramid
(2,023 words)
(Egyptian
mr, Greek πυραμίς/
pyramís, Lat.
pyramis). Monumental funerary structure, originally of the Egyptian kings, on a square layout, with, in the ideal case, planar triangular sides. The term in archaeology for the apex of the pyramid, formed from a single block of stone and often especially decorated, is
pyramidion (Egyptian
bnbn.t). [German version] I. Origin and interpretation The two oldest phases of the first pyramid, the step-pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara (
c. 2700 BC), still display the simple
mastaba form on a confined rectangular plan, whi…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Chous
(328 words)
(χοῦς, χοεύς;
choûs,
choeús). [German version] [1] Jug or decanter Jug or decanter (height a little over 20 cm); used on the second day of the Anthesteria during the wine-drinking competition. Probably used as a measure of volume for the prescribed quantity of wine. On Choes Day the three-year-old children receive a small choes decanter (H 6-8 cm) as a symbol of their entry into life. [2, 50f.; 1, 96ff.]. As a measure of volume for liquids the
chous is divided into 12
kotylai and 72
kyathoi and amounts to 1/12 of the
metretes. Depending on the region, the
chous contained 4.56 l (Laconia), 3.…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Imuthes
(205 words)
[German version] [1] see Petobastis IV see Petobastis IV Seidlmayer, Stephan Johannes (Berlin) [German version] [2] Official of Heliopolis (Imhotep; Egyptian
Jj-m-Ḥtp; Greek Ἰμούθης/
Imoúthēs). Documented in contemporary inscriptions and papyri at the beginning of the 3rd Dynasty (around 2650 BC) under Djoser and Sechemchet as the highest ranking official, senior demesne administrator and high priest of Heliopolis, perhaps also in the (cult?) role of senior sculptor and site manager. In light of later tradition, he …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Funerary architecture
(5,482 words)
[German version] I. Definition Funerary architecture (FA) refers to architectonically designed structures built above the contemporary ground level for the purpose of burial, as opposed to underground hypogea, which have rooms for the cult of the dead and hero cult. Columbaria can combine both types. Hypogea with a ground level cult room influenced the early Christian martyria above the graves. Regarding further aspects of FA, cf. Hypogaeum; Maussolleum; Necropoleis. Kammerer-Grothaus, Helke (Bremen) II. Egypt and the Near East [German version] A. Egypt The Egyptian buria…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Amenophis
(491 words)
(Jmn-ḥtp ‘Amun is satisfied’). Name of four Egyptian kings of the 18th Dynasty. [German version] [1] 1525-1504 BC 1525-1504 BC. Continuing the policy of his father Ahmose, A. pursued the re-conquering of Nubia and prepared the final blow to the empire of Kush. Recorded in many places in Egypt as the instigator of works of construction. In the time of Rameses, he was worshipped together with his mother Ahmes-Nefertari as the tutelary god of the Theban necropolis. Seidlmayer, Stephan Johannes (Berlin) [German version] [2] 1428-1402 BC 1428-1402 BC. During the course of several camp…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Hyksos
(373 words)
[German version] (Egyptian
Ḥq.w-ḫs.wt, ‘Rulers of foreign lands’; Greek Ὑκσώς/
Hyksṓs) Rulers of foreign peoples are sporadically named H. from the late Old Kingdom onwards: the Turin Royal Canon assigns this term to a dynasty of six kings of foreign origin (15th Dynasty,
c. 1650-1540 BC) in the 2nd intermediate period, whose first representatives bore this title themselves before fully adopting the Egyptian royal titulature later on. Josephus (Ap. 1,14,82ff.), based on Manetho, incorrectly applies the term, and with an inexact etymol…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly