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Justice and Righteousness

(8,833 words)

Author(s): Otto, Eckart | Klaiber, Walter | Höffe, Otfried | Holmes, Stephen R. | Anzenbacher, Arno | Et al.
[German Version] I. Bible – II. Philosophy – III. History of Theology and Dogmatics – IV. Ethics – V. Law – VI. Social Politics, Social Ethics – VII. Missiology – VIII. Islam I. Bible 1. Ancient Near East and Old Testament The concept of justice in the ancient Near East and the Hebrew Bible is basically one of connectivity. It designates the positive relation of the king to the gods and to his people, of the individual to the various collectives ranging from the family to the entire …

Theodicy

(8,171 words)

Author(s): Weßler, Heinz Werner | Barton, John | Klaiber, Walter | Sarot, Marcel | Sparn, Walter | Et al.
[German Version] I. Religious Studies In archaic cultures, the wellbeing of the community is determined by a fatal power that can be influenced by religious rituals but is ultimately incalculable. In the context of advanced early urban cultures, however, there emerged religious worldviews in which universal concepts of order played a central role. In this historical context, a “functioning world order” (Klimkeit) became the structural principle for models expl…

Righteousness/Justice of God

(5,846 words)

Author(s): Friedli, Richard | Spieckermann, Hermann | Klaiber, Walter | Holmes, Stephen R. | Avemarie, Friedrich | Et al.
[German Version] I. Religious Studies 1. Human destiny. The human experience of existence holds both positive and negative events. Personal and structural processes involving violence and suffering are constants. The “horizon of justice and righteousness” allows us to …

Justification

(10,434 words)

Author(s): Tietz, Christiane | Klaiber, Walter | Jüngel, Eberhard
[German Version] I. The Term – II. New Testament – III. History of Doctrine – IV. Dogmatics I. The Term

Theodizee

(7,284 words)

Author(s): Weßler, Heinz Werner | Barton, John | Klaiber, Walter | Sarot, Marcel | Sparn, Walter | Et al.
[English Version] I. ReligionswissenschaftlichAnders als in archaischen Kulturen, in denen das Wohlergehen der Gemeinschaft aus rel. Sicht durch rituel…

Rechtfertigung

(9,630 words)

Author(s): Tietz, Christiane | Klaiber, Walter | Jüngel, Eberhard
[English Version] I. Zum BegriffDer Begriff R. bez. im Deutschen bis ins 17.Jh. einen gerichtlichen Prozeß (: I.), eine Verurteilung, gar Hinrichtung (Elert), kann aber auch für Verteidigung und Freispruch stehen. Inzw. wird der Begriff nur noch im Sinne von Gerechterklärung oder Legitimation gebraucht (DWb 14, 415f.). Das hebr. Wort צְדָקָה/ṣedāqāh und das griech. Wort δικαι´ωσις/dikaíōsis akzentuieren den Aspekt der Gerechtsprechung, der lat. Ausdruck iustificatio stärker den der Gerechtmachung. Das AT und das NT kennen zwar auch andere Begrif…