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Timothy I Date of Birth: c. 740 (traditional date 727/728) Place of Birth: Ḥazzā (near Arbelā) Date of Death: 9th January 823 Place of Death: Baghdad Biography Timothy received a thorough education in the texts of the Church Fathers and the philosophy of Aristotle in the school of Mār Abraham bar Dāshandād in Bāshōsh. When Mār Abraham transferred his school first to Margā and later to the monastery of Mār Gabriel near Mosul, he succeeded his teacher. After 769/70 Timothy was consecrated bishop of Bēt Bagāsh. In 780 he was…

And now the disputation of the same Catholicos Mār Timothy with Mahdī, the Commander of the Faithful, about Christianity in the form of question and answer Timothy (Ṭīmāteʾōs), East-Syrian patriarch Date: 782/83 Original Language: Syriac Description Letter 59, the so-called Disputation ( drāshā) or Dialogue or Apology, is a conversation on religion, which Timothy held in Arabic with the Caliph al-Mahdī (r. 775-85) in Baghdad on two days of the year 782/83. Afterwards he wrote down the conversation in the form of a record from memory (' Gedächtnisprotokoll’) in a letter to a friend…

[German Version] (363/364, Galatia – before 431) lived as a monk in Palestine and Egypt from 386/387 onward. As bishop of Helenopolis (from 399/400), Palladius was drawn into the conflict over John Chrysostom and banished to Upper Egypt from 406 to 412. Thereafter he was appointed bishop of Aspuna. His Dialogue on the Life of John Chrysostom (CPG 3, 6037; see also Hagiography: II), which was probably written in 408, is an importance source for Chrysostom’s biography. The Lives of the Holy Fathers (or Historia Lausiaca, CPG 6036; see also Monasticism: III, 1.c and Historia monachorum …

[German Version] (died before 190/191), bishop of Antioch after 169 (?). His Apology to Autolycus(probably written 181/182; Apologies) defends Christianity against the accusation that it is foolish and new. Book I: while the works of pagan authors contain inconsistencies and disgraceful stories about the gods, Christianity has a spiritual concept of God. Book II: the promises of the prophets have proved to be trustworthy. Book III: a detailed chronology (the first in Christianity) down to the death of Marcus …

[English Version] Theophilus, seit 169 (?) Bf. von Antiochien (gest. vor 190/91). Seine »Drei Bücher an Autolycus« (vf. wohl 181/82; Apologie) verteidigen das Christentum gegen den Vorwurf, es sei töricht und neu: Während sich bei den paganen Autoren Widersprüche und schändliche Göttergesch. finden, hat das Christentum einen geistigen Gottesbegriff (Buch 1). Die Verheißungen der Propheten haben sich als zuverlässig erwiesen (Buch 2). Eine ausgefeilte Chronologie (erstmals im Christentum) bis zum Tod Ma…

[English Version] von Helenopolis (363/64 in Galatien – vor 431), lebte ab 386/87 als Mönch in Palästina und Ägypten. Als Bf. von Helenopolis (ab 399/400) wurde er in den Konflikt um Johannes Chrysostomus gezogen und 406–412 nach Oberägypten verbannt. Danach wurde er zum Bf. von Aspuna ernannt. Der wohl 408 vf. »Dialog über das Leben des Johannes Chrysostomus« (CPG 3, 6037; s.a. Hagiographie: II.) ist eine wichtige Quelle für dessen Biographie. Die 419/20 vf. »Leben der hl. Väter« (oder Historia La…