Search

[German version] Before the Amarna era, A. designated the sun disc as a heavenly body or as the seat of the sun god.  Amenophis [4] IV (1353-1336 BC) had a comprehensive new name of A. written in cartouches and established  Amarna as the sole cult place for A. The early iconography of the Amarna era still made use of the traditional representation of A. as a falcon-headed man with a sun disc. Until the end of the Amarna era, the representation as a sun disc was used exclusively, with rays that end…

[German version] (Egyptian Nfr.t-jj.tj). The chief wife of Akhenaton (Amenophis [4] IV, 1553-1536 BC), mother of six of his daughters. N. is known mainly from numerous relief depictions, which show her accompanying Akhenaton in the worship of the sun god Aten; she only appears alone in an early building in Thebes. In the pharaohs' artistic agendas there are no parallels for such prominence  being given to a chief wife. After Akhenaton's death, N. disappeared from history; she was included in the damnatio memoriae, which was directed at Akhenaton a few years after his death.…

[German version] [1] Egyptian priest and Greek writer According to uncertain sources, M. (see [1]) was a priest from Sebennytus, who lived under Ptolemy I and II and played a part in the introduction of the cult of Sarapis ( Sarapis) [2]. As a Hellenized Egyptian, he wrote in Greek about Egyptian topics. A number of isolated quotations have survived from a maximum of eight works, among them a work regarding the preparation of kyphi (incense), further a hierá bíblos about Egyptian religion, as well as a book about rituals. The question of the works' authenticity remains uns…

[German version] (Ἅρμαις; Hármais). As a generalissimo under Tutanchamun and Eje, H. served the last of the Amarna rulers. As a king, he suppressed the memory of all Amarna rulers, in particular of Akhnaton and Eje, while he spared Tutanchamun's tomb [2]. In the pseudo-Manetho tradition, H. is regarded as  Danaus (Jos. Ap. 1,26). Krauss, Rolf (Berlin) Bibliography 1 J. v. Beckerath, s.v. H., LÄ 2, 962-4 2 M. Eaton-Krauss, Tutankhamun at Karnak, in: MDAI(K) 44, 1988, 10f.

[German version] Modern name of Achet-Aton. Founded by Amenophis IV, c. 1345 BC, approx. 400 km south of Cairo, as a cult site for the sun god Aton as well as a place of residence. It was abandoned after a period of approx. 15 years of continuous occupation. Situated near the Nile, the city covers an area more than 9 km long from north to south and is approx. 1 km wide. In the centre of the city are: the great palace, the royal palace, large and small temples of Aton and the chancellery ( Amarna Letters).…

(Jmn-ḥtp ‘Amun is satisfied’). Name of four Egyptian kings of the 18th Dynasty. [German version] [1] 1525-1504 BC 1525-1504 BC. Continuing the policy of his father Ahmose, A. pursued the re-conquering of Nubia and prepared the final blow to the empire of Kush. Recorded in many places in Egypt as the instigator of works of construction. In the time of Rameses, he was worshipped together with his mother Ahmes-Nefertari as the tutelary god of the Theban necropolis. Seidlmayer, Stephan Johannes (Berlin) [German version] [2] 1428-1402 BC 1428-1402 BC. During the course of several camp…