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[German Version] The eulogy (from Gk εὐλογíα/ eulogía, “well speaking, praise”) did not develop as a distinct genre either in classical antiquity or in Christianity. Besides the general sense of “high praise,” in English “eulogy” has become a technical term for laudatory praise of someone who has died. In French the plural ( eulogies) has preserved an ancient Christian sense, denoting leftover pieces of blessed bread ( pain bénit). In the Early Church, the whole εὐλογ- word group (…

[German Version] I. Wisdom of Solomon 1. Canonicity and versions. The Wisdom of Solomon ( Sapientia Salomonis) is classified as a deuterocanonical or apocryphal book (Apocrypha). Both terms reflect its inclusion in the Septuagint, but the Muratorian Canon (Muratorian Fragment) even recognizes the book of Wisdom written in Greek by “friends of Solomon” as part of the New Testament. In general, though, it is classed among the antilegomena of the Old Testament. In the LXX, which itself influenced the (initially anonymous) pseudepigraphon, it stands between Job and Sirach; in the Vulgate (“additions,” numbering varies) it stands between the Song of Songs and Sirach, in the Peshitta between Proverbs and Qohelet. In addition to the original Greek, the Old Latin version is the most impor…

[German Version] I. Term and Genre – II. Old Testament – III. New Testament – IV. Liturgical Studies I. Term and Genre …

[German Version] I. Bible 1. Literary analysis. The primary source for Solomon (Heb. …

Part of 13 Psalms and Odes of Solomon - 13.2 Odes of Solomon - 13.2.2 Greek…

Part of 13 Psalms and Odes of Solomon - 13.1 Psalms of Solomon13.1.1.1 Psalms of Solomon and the BibleThe collection of eighteen pseudepigraphical poems called Psalms of Solomon has never been part of the Hebrew Bible (MT; I.1.2.2) or the Greek Septuagint (LXX; I.1.3.1.1). Although Rahlfs incorporated the collection’s 613 cola (twenty-five monocola, 216 bicola, fifty-two tricola) into his Handausgabe,…

Part of 13 Psalms and Odes of Solomon - 13.2 Odes of Solomon - 13.2.2 Greek13.2.2.2.1 Lactantius and His Collection of the Odes of SolomonWithin the textual history of the Odes of Solomon, only three lines have survived in Latin quoted in the works of Lactantius. Lucius Caelius Firmianus qui est Lactantius, the “Christian Cicero,” lived from ca. 250 to ca. 325 C.E.; he wrote the seven books of Divinae institutiones “Divine Institutes” ( Div. inst.) between 304 and 311 C.E. and produced an abridgement of the larger work called Epitome ( Epit.) sometime after 313 C.E.1 In his main work, he introduces a quotation from Odes of Solomon 19 with the words S…

Part of 13 Psalms and Odes of Solomon - 13.2 Odes of Solomon13.2.3.1 Editio Princeps of the Odes of SolomonUntil 1909, our knowledge about the existence of the ᾠδαὶ Σολομῶντος “Odes of Solomon” was based on two Greek lists of canonical works (13.2.2.1), a Latin quotation by Lactantius (13.2.2.2), and five Coptic quotations in the Gnostic tractate Pistis Sophia (13.2.2.3). This unsatisfying situation changed dramatically in 1909 with the publication of …

Part of 13 Psalms and Odes of Solomon - 13.2 Odes of Solomon13.2.1.1 The Odes of Solomon and the BibleThe collection of forty-two pseudonymous poems called Odes of Solomon has never been a part of the Hebrew Bible (MT; I.1.2.2), the Septuagint (LXX; I.1.3.1.1), or the Syriac Peshitta (S; I.1.3.4). One can find these poems, which have also been called “hymns” or “psalms” by modern researchers, in collections such as The Apocryphal Old Testament1 or Neutestamentliche Apokryphen.2 They have found their way into the French collection Écrits apocryphes chrétiens3 and the German collection Da…

Part of 13 Psalms and Odes of Solomon - 13.2 Odes of Solomon - 13.2.2 Greek13.2.2.3.1 Editio princeps of the Coptic Quotations from the Odes of SolomonMore than half a century before the editio princeps of the late-fourth century C.E. parchment codex Askew(ianus) was published by the German oriental scholar Julius Heinrich Petermann (13.2.1.4),1 the posthumous Appendix of the Polish-British orientalist Charles Godfrey Woide (1725–1790) appeared in 1799, containing the Coptic text, together with a Latin translation, of the “quinque Odae Salomonis.”2 According to Harnack, this…

[English Version] I. Weisheit Salomos 1.  Stellung im Kanon, Versionen. …

[English Version] I. Bibel 1.  Literarischer Befund.Primärquelle über S. (hebr. שְׁלמֹה) ist der Abschnitt 1Kön 1–12. Er ist chiastisch aufgebaut: Den Kern bilden die Berichte von Planung, Bau und Weihung des Jerusalemer Tempels (: II.,4.; 1Kön 5–8), darum lagern sich Schilderungen der glänzenden Weisheit und glanzvollen Herrsc…